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2002

MEASURERS ON THE REGULATION OF PUBLIC COMPUTER NETWORKS AND THE INTERNET

PROVISIONS ON THE USE OF RED CROSS SIGNS

Category  SOCIAL ORGANIZATION Organ of Promulgation  The State Council and the Central Military Commission Status of Effect  In Force
Date of Promulgation  1996-01-29 Effective Date  1996-01-29  


Provisions of the People’s Republic of China on the Use of Red Cross Signs

Chapter I  General Provisions
Chapter II  Protective Use of Red Cross Signs
Chapter III  Indicative Use of Red Cross Signs
Chapter IV  Prohibitive Use of Red Cross Signs
Chapter V  Penalties
Chapter VI  Supplementary Provisions

(Promulgated by Decree No.194 of the State Council and the Central

Military Commission of the People’s Republic of China on January 29, 1996)
Chapter I  General Provisions

    Article 1  These Provisions are formulated in accordance with the Law on
the Red Cross Society and for the purpose of safeguarding the dignity of the
red cross signs and properly using the red cross signs.

    Article 2  The red cross sign is the red cross on the white background.

    Article 3  The red cross sign is the protection sign for international
humanitarianism, the special sign of the medical establishments of the armed
force and the sign specially used by the red cross society.

    Except those described in these Provisions, the use of the red cross sign
by any organization or individual shall be prohibited.

    Article 4  The red cross sign has both protection and indication roles,
each of which shall not be used in confusion.

    Article 5  The local people’s government at different levels shall
supervise and administer on the use of the red cross signs within their
administrative areas according to these Provisions.

    The local red cross society at different levels shall assist the local
people’s government at the same level with the supervision and administration
on the use of red cross signs.
Chapter II  Protective Use of Red Cross Signs

    Article 6  Protective use of red cross signs means that, during an armed
conflict, the conflicting parties shall give protection and respect to the
persons wearing the red cross signs according to these Provisions and to the
places and its articles and medical conveyance marked with red cross signs.

    Article 7  When the red cross sign is used as protective sign, nothing
shall be added to the sign.

    When the red cross sign is used as protective sign, if it is used on a
flag, the red cross sign shall not touch the boundary of the flag; if it is
used on an armband, the red cross sign shall be located in the middle of the
armband; if it is used on a building, the red cross sign shall be located on
the obvious part of the top of the building.

    When the red cross sign is used as protective sign, it shall be able to be
identified from as far away as possible or from different direction; it shall
be lighted or decorated with the luminous body at night or when the visibility
is low.

    Article 8  During an armed conflict, the following persons may use the
protective red cross signs:

    (1) the medical personnel and staff member of the medical establishments
of the armed force;

    (2) the medical personnel and staff member of the red cross society;

    (3) the medical personnel and staff member of the international red cross
organization and foreign red cross organization approved by the State Council
or the Central Military Committee;

    (4) the medical personnel and staff member in the military and civil
medical conveyance; or

    (5) the personnel of volunteering relief body home and abroad approved by
the State Council or the Central Military Committee and the medical personnel
of civil medical establishments.

    Article 9  During an armed conflict, the protective red cross signs may be
used by or on one of the following institution or organization and its
location, articles or medical conveyance:

    (1) the medical establishments of the armed force;

    (2) the red cross society taking part in the relief activity;

    (3) the volunteering relief body and medical institution home and abroad
approved by the State Council or the Central Military Committee; or

    (4) the international organization approved by the State Council or the
Central Military Committee.

    Article 10  The person using protective red cross signs shall carry with
himself the identification certificate issued by the department with
authorization from the State Council or the Central Military Committee.

    Article 11  The personnel and the location and its articles and medical
conveyance, of the medical establishments of the armed force, may use
protective red cross signs in peace time.
Chapter III  Indicative Use of Red Cross Signs

    Article 12  Indicative use of red cross signs means the indication of the
person or matter concerning the red cross activities.

    Article 13  When the red cross sign is used as indicative sign, the name
or name abbreviation of the red cross society shall be accompanied under the
red cross sign and the red cross sign shall not be located on the top of the
building.

    When the personnel or member of the red cross society and other relevant
personnel carry out their duties, they shall wear an armband of small size
marked with the red cross sign; when they do not carry out the duties, they
may wear a badge or brooch of small size on the breast marked with the red
cross sign.

    Article 14  Any of the following persons may use the indicative red cross
signs:

    (1) the staff member of the red cross society;

    (2) the member of the red cross society; or

    (3) youngsters member of the red cross society.

    Article 15  The indicative red cross signs may be used in any of the
following places:

    (1) the building used by the red cross society;

    (2) the medical establishments belonging to the red cross society; or

    (3) the places where the red cross society develops activities meeting
with its purpose.

    Article 16  The indicative red cross signs may be used on any of the
following articles or conveyance:

    (1) the badge, medal or insignia of the red cross society;

    (2) the printed matters or propaganda material of the red cross society; or

    (3) the first-aid or relief material and conveyance of the red cross
society.

    Article 17  If indicative red cross signs are needed to be used exceeding
the extent described in these Provisions, approval shall be obtained from Head
Office of the Red Cross Society.
Chapter IV  Prohibitive Use of Red Cross Signs

    Article 18  The red cross signs shall not used:

    (1) in the trademark or commercial advertisement;

    (2) by those other than the red cross society or the medical
establishments of non-armed force;

    (3) by medicine shop or veterinary station;

    (4) in the goods package;

    (5) in the mark of a company;

    (6) in a project design or product design; or

    (7) under other circumstances than those described in these Provisions
where the red cross signs may be used.
Chapter V  Penalties

    Article 19  To any of the following circumstances against these
Provisions, the red cross society shall be enpost_titled to dissuade it and demand
stopping use; if anyone refuses to stop use, the red cross society may submit
to the people’s government for ordering to stop use:

    (1) where the indicative red cross signs are used by other person than the
staff member, member, or youngsters member of the red cross society;

    (2) where the indicative red cross signs are used on or in the building
and other places which are not used by the red cross society;

    (3) where the indicative red cross signs are used by the medical
establishments which do not belong to the red cross society;

    (4) where the indicative red cross signs are used on the articles or
conveyance which do not belong to the red cross society; or

    (5) under other circumstances to use the red cross signs against these
Provisions.

    Article 20  Anyone who uses the red cross signs without authorization
against the provisions of Article 18 in these Provisions shall be ordered to
stop use, be confiscated with the illegal income and imposed upon a fine below
10,000 yuan by the people’s government at or above county level.

    Article 21  Anyone who obstructs the staff member to carry out duties
according to the law shall be imposed upon administrative penalties for public
security or investigated for criminal responsibility according to the law.

    Article 22  Any organization or individual from the armed force who
violates these Provisions shall be dealt with by the relevant military
department.
Chapter VI  Supplementary Provisions

    Article 23  If there is anything concerning the protective use of red
cross signs not covered in these Provisions, the relevant provisions of Geneva
Convention and its appended agreements shall apply.

    Geneva Convention and its appended agreements described in the preceding
paragraph means the convention and agreements described in Article 27 of the
Law of the People’s Republic of China on Red Cross Society.

    Article 24  These Provisions shall come into force as of the date of
promulgation.






ADMINISTRATION ORDINANCE ON DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF URBAN REAL ESTATE

Administration Ordinance on Development and Management of Urban Real Estate

     (Effective Date:1996.08.14–Ineffective Date:)

CHAPTER ONE GENERAL PROVISIONS CHAPTER TWO ENTERPRISES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF REAL ESTATE CHAPTER THREE REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT COSNTRUCTION
CHAPTER FOUR MANAGEMENT OF REAL ESTATE CHAPTER FIVE LEGAL LIABILITIES CHAPTER SIX MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

   Article 1 In order to standardize acts of development and management of urban real estate, to strengthen the supervision and administration
of development and management of urban real estate, and to promote and protect the healthy development of the business of real estate,
the present Ordinace is formulated in accordance with relevant provisions of The Law of the People’s Republic of China on Urban Real
Estate Administration.

   Article 2 Development and management of real estate, as referred to in the present Ordinance, refer to acts of the construction of infrastructure
and the construction of houses on state-owned land within urban planning areas and the transfer of projects of development or the
sales and lease of commercial housing by enterprises for development of real estate.

   Article 3 Development and management of real estate shall, in accordance with the principle of the unification of economic benefits, social
benefits and environmental benefits, plan comprehensively, layout reasonably, develope integratedly and construct concertedly.

   Article 4 The construction administrative organ under the State Council shall be responsible for the supervision and administration of acts
of development and management of real estate in the whole country.

Organs of local people’s governments at or above the county level responsible for administration of development and management of
real estate shall be responsible for acts of development and management of real estate within their repective administrative regions.

In accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations, organs of people’s governments at or above the county level
responsible for land administration shall be responsible for the administration of land concerning development and management of
real estate.

CHAPTER TWO ENTERPRISES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF REAL ESTATE

   Article 5 Besides complying with the requirements of establishment of enterprises stipulated in relevant laws and administrative regulations,
to establish enterprises for the development of real estate, the following requirements shall also be met:

(1) have registered capital of 1,000,000 yuan or more;

(2)have 4 or more full-time technical personnel in the fields of real estate and construction engineering, who have obtained certificate
of qualifications, and 2 full-time accounting personnel with certificate of qualifications.

In accordance with local situations, people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the state
council may make requirements higher than the previous paragraph for the establishment of enterprises for development of real estate
concerning registered capital and the qualifications of professional technical personnel.

   Article 6 When investing to establish real estate development enterprises, a foreign merchant shall, besides complying with the provisions
of Article 5 of the present Ordinance, complete the process of examination and approval in accordance with the provisions of laws
and administrative regulations concerning foreign-invested enterprises.

   Article 7 The establishment of real estate development enterprises shall apply to be registered with administrative organs for commerce and
industry of people’s governments at or above the county level. For applications that meet the the requirements of Article 5 of the
present Ordinance, administrative organs for industry and commerce shall register within 30 days after receiving the application;
for those that don’t meet the requirements and so shall not be registered, the reasons therefor shall be explained.

When examining application for registration of the establishment of real estate development enterprises, administrative organs for
industry and commerce shall hear the opinion of the administrative departments responsible for real estate development at the same
level.

   Article 8 Within 30 days after drawing management certificate, enterprises for real estate development shall put on record with the following
documents with administrative organs reponsible for real estate development of the region of the administrative organ of registration:

(1) a copy of the management certificate;

(2) the charter of the enterprise;

(3) certificate for verification of capital;

(4) ID of the legal representative of the enterprise;

(5) cerficate of qualifications and contract of employment of professional technical personnel.

   Article 9 In accordance with the assets, professional technical personnel and achievements in development and management of real estate development
enterprises, administrative organs responsible for real estate development shall check and ratify the level of qualifications of
the enterprise of real estate development that has been put on record. Enterprises of real estate development shall receive projects
of real estate development in accordance with the level of qualifications as ratified. The detailed measures shall be formulated
by construction administration organ under the State Council.

CHAPTER THREE REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT COSNTRUCTION

   Article 10 Real estate development projects shall be ascertained in accordance with the requirements of the overall plan for land use, annual
plan for land use for construction and urban plan, annual plan of real estate development; those that shall be approved by administrative
organs for planning in accordance with relevant state regulations shall apply for approval to administrative organs for planning
and shall be consolidated into annual assets investments plan.

   Article 11 The ascertainment of real estate development projects shall, in accordance with the principle of integratition of the reconstruction
of the old districts and the construction of new districts, focus on the development of the areas where the infrastructure is weak,
the communication is congested, the environmental pollution is severe or the houses that are dangerous and old are concentrated;
the municipal entironment shall be protected and improved, and the historical and cultural heritage shall be protected.

Articel 12 The land for real estate development shall be obtained through remising; however, this shall not apply when it can be obtained
through transfer in accordance with the provisions of the laws and the regulations of the State Council.

Before the right to use land is remised or transferred, administrative organs responsible for urban planning and administrative organs
responsible for real estate development of local people’s governments at or above the county level shall give written opinion on
the following matters, which shall be the ground for remising or transferring the right of using land:

(1) the essence, scale and duration of development of the project of real estate development;

(2) the engineering requirements of urban planning;

(3) the construction requirements concerning infrastructure and public utilities;

(4) the defination of property rights after the infrastructure is constructed;

(5) the requirements concerning the compensation and aftercare in relocation of the project.

   Article 13 The system of capital cash shall be set up in real estate development; the ratio of capital cash to total investment of the project
shall not be lower than 20%.

   Article 14 The development and construction of real estate development projects shall have overall arrangement in relevant infrastructure, which
shall be carried out according to the principle of underground first, upground second.

   Article 15 Enterprises of real estate development shall carry out the development and construction of the project in accordance with the use
and durations of beginning work and construction as stipulated in the contract for remising of the right to use land. When the work
has not been started after one year since the duration of construction has elapsed, charge for idle land which is equivalent to less
than 20% of the price for remising the right to use land may be collected; when the work has not been started after two years have
elapsed, the right to use land can be taken back without consideration. However, the previous stipulations shall not apply when the
delay in beginning work is caused by force majesture or acts of government and relevant departments under the government or the indispensible
preliminary work before starting work.

   Article 16 The real estate projects developed and constructed by enterprises for real estate development shall comply with the provisions of
relevant laws and regulations and project quality, security standards and technical regulations concerning the reconnaissance, design,
and construction and the provisions of the contract.

Real estate development enterprises shall be responsible for the quality of the real estate development projects developed and constructed
by them.

Units of reconnaissance, design, construction and supervision shall bear corresponding responsibilities in accordance with the provisions
of relevant laws, regulations and the contract.

   Article 17 Real estate development projects shall not be delivered for use before they are completed and checked and accepted as qualified.

After real estate development projects are completed, real estate development enterprises shall apply for check and acceptance after
completion with administrative organs responsible for real estate development of people’s governments at or above the county level
of the region where the project is located. Within 30 days after receiving the application for check and acceptance after completion,
the administrative organs for real estate development shall check and accept together with relevant departments or units for project
quality supervision, planninng, fire prevention, people’s defence, etc.

   Article 18 On completion of group housing real estate projects such as housing districts, they shall be checked and accepted in accordance with
the provision in Articel 17 of the present Ordinance and the following requirements:

(1) the circumstances of the implementation of the designing requirements of urban planning;

(2) the circumstances of the construction of necessary infrastructure and public utilities as required by urban planning;

(3) the circumstances of the check and acceptance of construction quality of separate projects;

(4) the circumstances of the implementation of the plan of relocation;

(5) the circumstances of the implementation of real estate administration.

Group housing real estate development projects such as housing districts, which are developed in installments may be checked and accepted
in installments.

   Article 19 Real estate development enterprises shall register in the pamphlet of real estate development projects the major affairs in the course
of the construction of the real estate development project; they shall also be regularly put on record with administrative organs
responsible for real estate development.

CHAPTER FOUR MANAGEMENT OF REAL ESTATE

   Article 20 The transfer of real estate development projects shall be in accordance with the requirements of Article 38 and Article 39 of Law
of the People’s Republic of China on Urban Real Estate.

   Article 21 When transferring real estate development projects, the transferor and the transferee shall, within 30 days after the completion
of the formalities of the registration of the transfer of the right to the use of land, put on record with administrative organs
responsible for real estate development with the contract for the transfer of real estate development project.

Articel 22 When real estate development enterprises transfer real estate development projects and the relocation and compensation
have not been completed, the relevant rights and obligations in the original contract for relocation and compensation shall be transferred
to the transferee therewith. The transferor shall give written notice to the persons being relocated.

   Article 23 When selling commercial housing in advance, real estate development enterprises shall meet the following requirements:

(1) have paid all the remuneration for assignment of the right to the use of land and obtained certificate of the the right to the
use of land;

(2) have certificate of construction project planning and certificate of construction;

(3) calculated in accordance with the commercial housing provided for advance sale, the capital that has already been invested has
attained 25% or more of total investment, and the progress of construction and the date for completion and delivery have been ascertained;

(4) the registration for advance sale has been completed and the certificate of permission of advance sale of commercial housing has
been obtained.

   Article 24 When applying for registration of advance sale of commercial housing, enterprises of real estate development shall submit the following
documents:

(1) the certifying materials as stipulated in Sections (1) to (3) of Article 23 of this Ordinance;

(2) management certificate and certificate of the level of qualifications;

(3) contract of construction;

(4) ichnograph for separate stories of the commercial housing for advance sale;

(5) plan for advance sale of commercial housing.

   Article 25 Administrative organs responsible for real estate development shall, within 10 days after receiving application for advance sale
of commercial housing, make reply of approval or no approval of the advance sale. For those approved, certificate of permission of
advance sale of commercial housing shall be issued; for those not approved, the reasons therefor shall be explained.

   Article 26 Real estate development enterprises shall not engage in false advertising activities; the serial number of the certifying documents
of permission of advance sale of commercial housing shall be stated in the advertisements.

   Article 27 When selling commercial housing in advance, enterprises for real estate development shall show to persons purchasing in advance the
certificate of permission of advance sales of commercial housing.

Enterprises for real estate development shall, within 30 days after the signing of contracts for advance sales of commercial housing,
put on record with administrative organs responsible for real estate development and administrative organs responsible for the administration
of land of the people’s governments at or above the county level where the commercial housing is located.

   Article 28 When selling in advance commercial housing, the parties shall sign a written contract, which shall stipulate the area of construction
and the area for use, the price, the date of delivery, quality requirements, means of real estate administration and their repective
liabilities for the breach of the contract.

Articel 29 When assigning intermediary institutions to sell commercial housing, enterprises for real estate development shall issue
to intermediary institutions letter of authorization. When selling commercial housing, intermediary institutions shall show to buyers
of commercial housing relevant certifying documents of commercial housing and letter of authorization to sell commercial housing.

   Article 30 The prices of the transfer of real estate development projects and of the sales of commercial housing shall be negotiated and agreed
upon by the parties; however, the guiding price of government or the ordered price of the goverment shall be carried out in the case
of the prices of residence housing which enjoys the preferential treatment from the state.

   Article 31 When delivering commercial housing for use, enterprises for real estate planning shall issue letter of garuatee of quality and user’s
manual to the buyer.

Letter of garuatee of quality shall list the quality level as checked and examined by unit of supervision of the quality of the project,
scope of garuanteed repairing, duration of garuanteed repairing and the unit that shall be responsible for garuanteed repairing.
Enterprises for real estate development shall bear the obligation of garuanteed repairing in accordance with the provisions of letter
of garuantee of quality of housing.

If, within the period of garuanteed repairing, the original utility of the housing is affected and damages are incurred upon the buyer
because of the repairing of the housing by enterprises for real estate development, the enterprises shall bear liabilities in accordance
with laws.

   Article 32 After the commercial housing is delivered for use and the buyer believes that the quality of the main structure doesn’t meet requirements,
the buyer can apply for re-examination to the unit of quality supervision of the project. If the quality of the main structure is
confirmed through re-examination not to be in compliance with the requirements , the buyer has the right to be refunded; if damages
are incurred upon the buyer, enterprises for real estate development shall bear the liability of compensation according to law.

   Article 33 The buyer of commercial housing sold in advance shall, within 90 days after the delivery of commercial housing for use, complete
the formalities for the transfer of the right to the use of land and for the registration of the property right over the housing;
buyer of completed housing shall, within 90 days after the sales contract is signed, complete formalities of transfer of the right
to the use of land and of registration of the property right over the housing. Enterprises of real estate development shall assist
buyers of commercial housing in completing the formalities of the transfer of the right to the use of land and of registration of
the property over the housing, and provide necessary certifying documents.

   Article 34 Those who engage in real estate development on themselves without obtaining management certificate in contravention to the present
Ordinance shall be ordered to stop activities of development and management by administrative organs of industry and commerce of
people’s governments at or above the county level; the illegal profits shall be confiscated and a fine of 5 times of the illegal
profits or less may be imposed.

   Article 35 Those who engage in real estate development without obtaining certificate of level of qualification or beyond their certificates
of level of qualification in contravention to the provisions of the present Ordinance shall be ordered to correct within fixed limitations
by administrative organs for industry and commerce of people’s governments at or above the county level; a fine of 50,000 yuan to
100,000 yuan shall be imposed; if they don’t correct within fixed limitations, the management certificate shall be revoked by administrative
organs for industry and commerce.

   Article 36 Those who deliver housing for use before it’s checked and accepted in contravention to the provisions of the present Ordinance shall
be ordered to make up for the formalities of check and acceptance within fixed limitation by administrative organs responsible for
real estate development of people’s governments at or above the county level; those who do not make up for the formalities of check
and acceptance within the fixed limitation shall be checked and accepted by administrative organs responsible for real estate development
of people’s governments at or above the county level; a fine of no less than 100,000 but no more than 300,000 yuan shall also be
imposed.Those who don’t pass the check shall be disposed of in accordance with Article 37 of the present Ordinance.

   Article 37 Those who deliver for use the housing that doesn’t pass check and acceptance in contravention to the provisions of the present Ordinance
shall be ordered to repair within fixed limitation by administrative organs responsible for real estate development of people’s governments
at or above the county level; a fine of under 2% of the total construction cost of the housing delivered shall be imposed in addition;
for those whose circumstances are severe, management certificates shall be revoked by administrative organs for industry and commerce
; for those who caused damages to the buyer, liability of compensation shall be imposed in accordance with law; for those who cause
serious injury or death or other severe consequences and a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be investigated.

   Article 38 Those who transfer real estate development projects on their own in contravention to the provisions of the present Ordinance shall
be ordered to stop illegal acts; the illegal profits shall be confiscated; a fine of 5 times of illegal profits or less may also
be imposed in addition.

   Article 39 Those who sell commercial housing in advance on their own in contravention to the provisions of the present Ordinance shall be ordered
to stop illegal acts ; the illegal profits shall be confiscated; a fine of 1% of the advance payment or less may also be imposed
in addition.

   Article 40 If, in the supervision and administration of real estate development and management, employees with state organs neglect their duty,
be irregular for favoritism, abuse their powers and has committed a crime, their criminal liabilities shall be investigated; for
those who has not committed a crime, administrative penalties shall be imposed in accordance with law.

CHAPTER SIX MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

   Article 41 For the development and management of real estate on state owned land outside urban planning areas , the supervision and administration
of real estate development and management shall be carried out with reference to the present ordinance.

   Article 42 Lands that are owned by collectives within urban planning areas couldnt be used in real estate development and management before
the land is expropriated by the state in accordance with law.

   Article 43 The present Ordinance shall be effective upon the date of promulgation.

    






PROCEDURES OF SHANGHAI MUNICIPALITY ON THE ADMINISTRATION OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES

Procedures of Shanghai Municipality on the Administration of Telecommunications Services

     CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS CHAPTER II ADMINISTRATION OF NATURAL ENDOWMENTS CHAPTER III MANAGEMENT OF THE BUSINESS OPERATIONS CHAPTER
IV LEGAL LIABILITIES CHAPTER V SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS

   Article 1 (Purpose and Basis)

The present Procedures are formulated in accordance with the relevant State stipulations and the “Provisions of Shanghai Municipality
for the Protection and Development of Telecommunications”, and with the actual circumstances of Shanghai taken into consideration,
to maintain the order of telecommunication services in this Municipality, to standardize the business operations of telecommunications
services for those who engage in them and to ensure the normal business operations of telecommunications services.

   Article 2 (Definition)

The telecommunications services specified in the present procedures refers to the various kinds of services, based on the customers’
demands, to transmit information such as signs, signals, words, pictures and language by means of light, electricity or other electro-magnetic
systems.

   Article 3 (Scope of Application)

The present Procedures apply to the business operations of telecommunications services and their administration in this Municipality.

   Article 4 (Basic Principles)

Business operations of telecommunication services shall be carried out in compliance with the following principles: monopolization
of the primary telecommunication services, free-competition for other services, sharing of resources, non-gratuitous services, fairness
in competition, protection of customers’ freedom and secrets in communication and their legitimate rights and interests.

   Article 5 (Competent Departments and Coordinated Departments)

The Post and Telecommunications Administrative Bureau of Shanghai Municipality (hereinafter referred to as “Municipal Post and Telecommunications
Bureau”) shall be the administrative department in charge of the industry of telecommunication and the business activities thereof.
It shall be responsible for the administration of all business activities of telecommunications services within this Municipality.

The departments of industry and commerce, public security, price control, customs and radio transmission administration, shall, in
the light of their respective duties, exercise their administrative and supervisory functions over the business operations of telecommunications
services.

CHAPTER II ADMINISTRATION OF NATURAL ENDOWMENTS

   Article 6 (Clarification of Telecommunications Services)

The telecommunication services shall be divided into the monopolized sector and the free-competition sector. For those that fall under
the free-competition sector, a permit system and an application system are exercised.

   Article 7 (Scope of the Monopolized Sector)

The following telecommunications services shall be monopolized by State- approved business operators of telecommunications services:

1. Telephone services, including local calls, long distance calls within the country, international calls, etc.;

2. Telegraph services, including telegraphs within the country, international telegraphs, fax services, etc.;

3. Other telecommunications services monopolized with the approval of the State.

   Article 8 (Scope of Permit System in Business Operations)

For the following telecommunications services, a permit system shall be instituted:

1. Paging;

2. 800 MHz concentrated telephones;

3. 450 MHz mobile telephone communication;

4. Telecommunications through very-small satellite ground stations within the country;

5. Other telecommunications services to be run, with the approval of the State, under a permit system.

   Article 9 (The Scope of Reporting System in Business Operation)

For the following telecommunications services, a system of application and official approval shall be instituted:

1. Telephone information services;

2. Computer information services;

3. Electronic mailboxes;

4. Electronic data interchange;

5. Visuals;

6. Other telecommunications services to be run, with the approval of the State, under a system of application and official approval.

   Article 10 (Qualifications for Application of Business Operation)

One who applies for permission to do business in telecommunication shall have the following qualifications:

1. State-owned or collective-owned enterprises with corporate capacity or an enterprise whose interest is controlled by it;

2. Having technical and managerial personnel required for such business operations;

3. Having a fixed place for its business operations and the necessary facilities;

4. Having funds that satisfy the statutory requirements and are commensurate with the scope of its business operations;

5. Having telecommunication equipment that is connected with the public telecommunication networks, and that meets the State’s technical
requirement for networking;

6. Having the capability to supply long-term services for customers;

7. Having other qualifications required by the State.

When organizations or individuals from abroad or foreign invested enterprises in China intend to do, or participate in, the business
of telecommunication in this Municipality, their applications shall be dealt with in accordance with the relevant State provisions.

   Article 11 (Materials Required When Submitting the Application)

When applying for permission to do business in telecommunication, the applicant shall submit the following materials to the Municipal
Post and Telecommunications Bureau:

1. Application for permission to do business in telecommunication;

2. List of names of the legal representative and chief technicians and executive officers;

3. Certificates regarding the place of business operations, relevant facilities and equipment;

4. Feasibility study report for doing business in telecommunications services, which covers the types of business scope of services,
market forecasting, development plan, technical standards, anticipated quality of services and service charges.

   Article 12 (Application and Approval in Connection with the Monopolized Sector of Telecommunications Services)

Application and approval in connection with the monopolized sector of telecommunication services shall follow the relevant State provisions.

   Article 13 (Application for Approval in Connection with the Free- Competition Sector of Telecommunications Services)

One who is to be engaged in business operations that fall under the free-competition sector in this Municipality shall submit its
application to the Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau. If the intended business operations are interprovince or intercity,
the applicant shall submit its application to the Ministry of Post and Telecommunications in accordance with the relevant State provisions.

   Article 14 (Issuance of Permit)

In connection with telecommunications services that need a permit, the Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau shall decide the
number of permits to be issued and the time and method of issuance on the basis of the available communication equipment, the available
lines and frequencies of the public networks, and the demand and supply of the telecommunication market. Information regarding the
issuance of permit shall be released to the public in advance. Detailed procedures shall be formulated by the Municipal Post and
Telecommunications Bureau, and shall be filed with the Municipal People’s Government for the record.

   Article 15 (Examination and Approval for Telecommunication Services That Need a Permit)

The Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau shall examine the application within 30 days after it accepts the application regarding
business services that need a permit. An applicant whose application passes such examination shall be given a permit. An applicant
whose application fails to pass such examination shall be given a written reply. An applicant who does not receive a reply within
30 days shall be considered to have been granted approval for its application for a permit.

Permit may be issued by means of bids-invitation. The Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau shall issue the permit to bid winners
within 30 days.

An applicant shall establish an operative service system within 12 months after receiving the permit.

   Article 16 (Examination and Approval in Connection with Telecommunication Operations that Need Official Approval)

The Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau shall complete the examination procedures within 30 days after receiving all application
materials submitted by the applicant in connection with telecommunication services which need an official approval. An applicant
whose application passes such examination shall be given the official approval. An applicant whose application fails to pass such
examination shall be given a written reply. One who does not receive any reply within 30 days shall be considered to have been granted
approval for its application.

   Article 17 (Other Examination and Approval Procedures)

Those who have been permitted to do business in telecommunications shall bring their permits or official approvals to the administrative
department of industry and commerce to complete the formalities of registration or alteration of registration. For business operations
that involve radio communication, application procedures for the allocation of frequencies and the setting up of transmission stations
shall be completed with the administrative department of radio transmissions on the strength of the permit, as provided for by the
relevant regulations.

   Article 18 (Filing for the Record)

Those who have been officially approved by the Ministry of Post and Telecommunications to do interprovince or intercity business in
the free-competition sector of telecommunication shall file with the Municipal Post and Telecommunication Bureau for the record within
30 days after receiving the permit or official approval.

   Article 19 (Entrustment of the Monopolized Sector)

Business operators in the monopolized sector of telecommunications may entrust qualified entities or individuals to do part of the
monopolized business on their behalf. For such entrustment contract of entrustment shall be entered into. Business operators in the
monopolized sector of telecommunication shall conduct business or technical training for the entrusted entities or individuals.

   Article 20 (Term, Renewal, Alteration and Termination of the Permit)

The term of the permit shall be five years.

The business operators who desires to continue their business operations after the expiration of the term of the permit shall go to
the Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau and go through due formalities for renewal at least 60 days before the expiration
of the permit.

When it is necessary to alter the scope of business during the term of the permit, the business operator shall go to the Municipal
Post and Telecommunications Bureau and go through due formalities for registration of alteration at least 60 days in advance.

When it is necessary to have an early termination of the business operations during the term of the permit, the business operator
shall apply to the Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau at least 60 days before the early termination. The permit shall be
canceled only after approval and all problems arising therefrom in connection with the users have been properly dealt with.

The procedures for the examination and approval of renewal, alteration and termination of the permit shall be completed with reference
to the relevant provisions of Article 15 of the present Procedures.

   Article 21 (Requirement for the Administration of the Permit and Official Approval)

The permits and official approval documents shall not be forged, altered, lent or transferred to others.

CHAPTER III MANAGEMENT OF THE BUSINESS OPERATIONS

   Article 22 (Check Before the Operations)

Upon completion of preparation for business operations, the business operator of telecommunications services shall notify the Municipal
Post and Telecommunications Bureau in written form. The Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau shall, within 10 days after
receiving the notice, conduct a check in accordance with the standards and requirements stipulated in the relevant provisions. A
business operator that passes the check shall be given the go-ahead notice within 10 days. One that fails to pass the check shall
be given a notice with suggested opinion for improvement within 10 days.

   Article 23 (Standards for Telecommunications Equipment)

The exchange equipment, transmission equipment, terminals and networks used by business operators of telecommunications shall satisfy
the technical standards with regard to the equipment and conform to the technical system of networking of the State.

Business operators of telecommunications shall not use, accept or sell telecommunication equipment that do not have a certificate
of networking issued by the Ministry of Post and Telecommunications or the Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau.

   Article 24 (Supply of Basic Lines and Equipment)

Business operators of the monopolized sector of telecommunications shall, in the light of the situation of supply and demand, and
at the uniform price ratified by the department of price control, supply the basic relay equipment and lines needed for business
operations to those in the freecompetition sector of telecommunications services, and sign relevant contracts with them.

The term of supply of the relay equipment and lines mentioned in the preceding paragraph and matters relevant thereto shall be separately
provided for by the Municipal Post and Telecommunication Bureau and filed with the Municipal People’s Government for record keeping
as required.

   Article 25 (Requirements for Network Operations)

Business operators of telecommunications shall establish a necessary maintenance system for the communication lines and equipment
in accordance with the stipulations of the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications and the Municipal Post and Telecommunications
Bureau, so as to ensure the normal operation of the telecommunications networks and improve its quality. They shall not hamper the
normal operations of the telecommunications networks and improve its quality. They shall not hamper the normal operations of other
existing telecommunication networks.

   Article 26 (Requirements for Business Operations)

Business operators of telecommunications shall comply with the following requirements in their business activities:

1. Act in accordance with the business rules and technical procedures prescribed by the Ministry of Post and Telecommunications and
the Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau;

2. Make known, at the place of business, to the public the types of telecommunications services, service standards, rates of service
charges and business hours;

3. Set up a special service center and surveillance telephone number to give advice to, and receive complaints from, the customers;

4. Guarantee the quality of communication lines and equipment provided to the customers, and make repairs or renovations upon receiving
request within the prescribed time.

   Article 27 (Prohibitions)

Business operators of telecommunications and the employees thereof are prohibited from doing the following:

1. Providing, without proper consent, information to others regarding the customer’s use of telecommunication services;

2. Cutting off the customer’s telecommunication or delaying the rendition of services without justifiable reasons;

3. Stopping, without approval, the business operations of telecommunications which have been approved;

4. Imposing restrictions on the use of telecommunications services or on the purchase of telecommunication equipment, or coercing
customers into using telecommunications services or purchasing telecommunications equipment;

5. Providing information to customers against their will;

6. Using advertisements containing false information or using other inappropriate means to promote publicity or depreciate other business
operators;

7. Committing other acts that will impair the rights and interests of the customers;

   Article 28 (Suspension of Services)

When the customer does one of the following, the business operator of telecommunications may request him to rectify his behavior,
and may suspend the rendition of services if he does not comply within a set period of time:

1. Using telecommunication equipment that does not have the newtworking certificate issued by the Ministry of Post and Telecommunications
or the Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau;

2. Delaying payment of service fees or refusing to pay it;

3. Using telecommunications services to endanger national security, jeopardize social order or impair the legitimate rights and interests
of others;

4. Other acts that may hamper the business operations of telecommunications or the management thereof.

When the competent authorities lawfully request the business operator of telecommunications to suspend the rendition of telecommunication
services to a customer who violates 3 or 4 of the present Article, the business operator shall cooperate and comply with the request.

   Article 29 (Service Charges)

Business operators of telecommunications shall strictly comply with the uniform rates of service charges set by the State. With respect
to services that do not have uniform rates set by the State, the Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau shall recommend rates,
which shall be implemented after ratification by the municipal department of price control. With respect to services that do not
have rates set by the State or by this Municipality, the business operator of telecommunications shall decide at its own discretion.

Business operators of telecommunications shall comply with the relevant stipulations of the Municipal Post and Telecommunication Bureau
and the departments of price control when they charge service fees in advance.

   Article 30 (Telecommunications Administration Fee)

Business operators of telecommunications shall pay administration fee to the Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau. The rates
for the fee shall be recommended by the Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau and submitted to the Municipal Price Bureau
and the Municipal Finance Bureau for ratification. The telecommunication administration fee shall be listed and managed as an unbudgeted
fund of this Municipality.

For a delay in the payment of the telecommunication administration fee, a penalty of 0.2% for each day of delay shall be imposed.

   Article 31 (Emergency Adjustment of Telecommunications Network)

In the event of emergencies, the Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau may, with the approval of the municipal government,
temporarily exercise unified control over business operators’ telecommunication networks and reallocate communications lines.

   Article 32 (Administrative Inspection)

The Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau is enpost_titled to supervise and inspect the business activities of telecommunication
operators. The post and telecommunications administrators shall carry uniform credentials with them when they act in their official
capacity.

   Article 33 (Administrative Punishment)

Units or individuals who violate the present Procedures shall be subject to the punishment by the Municipal Post and Telecommunications
Bureau in accordance with the following provisions:

1. Those who engage in business operations of telecommunications without official permission shall be enjoined from continuing their
business activities. Their unlawful gains shall be confiscated, and a fine of 5000 to 50,000 yuan shall be imposed on them.

2. Those who forge, alter, borrow or transfer the permit or the official approval shall be penalized by confiscation of their unlawful
gains and revocation of their permit or official approval. In addition, a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 yuan shall be imposed on them.

3. Business operators of telecommunications who continue their operations without a renewal after their permit expires, or alter,
without going through due formalities as required, the scope of their business during the term of the permit or terminate their business
before expiration of the permit, shall be given a warning, and be fined 1,000 to 10,000 yuan.

4. Those who takes the liberty to start business operations of telecommunications without the check or fail to pass the check, or
those who fail to establish an operative service system within 12 months after receiving the permit, shall be ordered to rectify
their behavior within a set period of time and punished by a fine of 2,000 to 20,000 yuan. If the case is serious, the permit shall
be revoked.

5. Business operators of telecommunications, who use telecommunications equipment that does not conform to the relevant technical
standards of the State and thus hamper the normal operation of other existing networks, shall be ordered to rectify their behavior
within a set period of time. In addition, they may be punished by a fine of 1,000 to 30,000 yuan.

6. Those who suspend or terminate their business operations of telecommunications without authorization or justifiable reasons, who
impose restrictions on the use of telecommunications services or on the purchase of telecommunication equipment, or coerce customers
into using telecommunication services or purchasing telecommunication equipment, who provide information regarding the customers’
use of telecommunications services to others without proper consent; or provide information to customers against their will, shall
be ordered to rectify their behavior within a set period of time, and may be punished by a fine of 1,000 to 10,000 yuan.

7. Business operators of telecommunications who provide telecommunications services that fall below the set standards shall be ordered
to rectify their behavior and may be punished by a fine of 1,000 to 10,000 yuan.

8. Business operators of telecommunications that fail to make known, in accordance with the provisions, to the public the types of
telecommunications services, service standards, rates of service charges and business hours shall be ordered to rectify their behavior
within a set period of time, and may be punished by a fine of 1,000 to 3,000 yuan.

9. Business operators of telecommunications who accept or sell equipment that does not have the networking certificate issued by the
Ministry of Post and Telecommunications or the Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau shall be ordered to rectify their behavior
within a set period of time, and may be punished by a fine of 1,000 to 10,000 yuan.

10. Business operators of telecommunications who do not cooperate with the competent authorities in lawfully suspending the telecommunication
of customers shall be ordered to rectify their behavior within a set period of time, and may be punished by a fine of 5,000 to 30,000
yuan.

If cases involving violation of the present Procedures shall be punished, according to law, by other administrative departments, they
shall be turned over thereto by the Municipal Post and Telecommunication Bureau.

   Article 34 (Civil Liability)

Business operators of telecommunication who violate the present procedures and cause a loss to customers shall be liable to compensate
for the loss and have other civil liabilities in accordance with the law.

   Article 35 (Administrative Reconsideration and Legal Action)

If the party concerned finds unacceptable the specific administrative act of the Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau, it
may apply for administrative reconsideration or take legal action in accordance with the provisions of “Regulations on Administrative
Reconsideration” and “Administrative Litigation Law of the People’s Republic of China”.

The administrative department that takes the administrative act may, in accordance with the provisions of “Administrative Litigation
Law of the People’s Republic of China”, apply to the people’s court for enforcement in case the party concerned neither applies for
reconsideration, nor takes legal action, nor complies with the specific administrative act within the time limit prescribed by law.

CHAPTER V SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS

   Article 36 (Application and Interpretation)

The Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau shall be responsible for the interpretation with respect to the application of the
present Procedures.

   Article 37 (Date of Implementation)

The present procedures shall become effective on January 1,1996.

    






STATEMENT OF THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT ON THE BASELINE OF THE TERRITOTIAL SEA

Category  TERRITORY AND DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS Organ of Promulgation  The State Council Status of Effect  In Force
Date of Promulgation  1996-05-15 Effective Date  1996-05-15  


Statement of the Chinese Government on the Baseline of the Territotial Sea of the People’s Republic of China



(May 15, 1996)

    According to the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Territorial
Sea and the Continuous Zone promulgated on February 25, 1992, the government
of the People’s Republic of China hereby states part of the baseline of the
territorial sea adjacent to the mainland of the People’s Republic of China
and the baseline of the territorial sea adjacent to the Xisha Islands.

    1. The straight lines joining the following adjacent base points shall be
a part of the baseline of the territorial sea adjacent to the mainland:

    (1) Shandong Gaojiao (1)    37 degrees 24.0 minutes N

                                122
degrees 42.3 minutes E

    (2) Shandong Gaojiao (2)    37 degrees 23.7 minutes N

                                122
degrees 42.4 minutes E

    (3) The Moye Island (1)    36 degrees 57.8 minutes N

                              
122 degrees 34.2 minutes E

    (4) The Moye Island (2)    36 degrees 55.1 minutes N

                              
122 degrees 32.7 minutes E

    (5) The Moye Island (3)    36 degrees 53.7 minutes N

                              
122 degrees 31.1 minutes E

    (6) The Sushan Island    36 degrees 44.8 minutes N

                            
122 degrees 15.8 minutes E

    (7) The Chaolian Island    35 degrees 53.6 minutes N

                              
120 degrees 53.1 minutes E

    (8) The Dashan Island    35 degrees 00.2 minutes N

                            
119 degrees 54.2 minutes E

    (9) Macaihang    33 degrees 21.8 minutes N

                     121 degrees
20.8 minutes E

    (10) Waikejiao    33 degrees 00.9 minutes N

                      121
degrees 38.4 minutes E

    (11) The Sheshan Island    31 degrees 25.3 minutes N

                              
122 degrees 14.6 minutes E

    (12) Haijiao    30 degrees 44.1 minutes N

                    123 degrees
09.4 minutes E

    (13) Dongnanjiao    30 degrees 43.5 minutes N

                        123
degrees 09.7 minutes E

    (14) The Brother-Two Island    30 degrees 10.1 minutes N

                                  
122 degrees 56.7 minutes E

    (15) The Yushan Islands    28 degrees 53.3 minutes N

                              
122 degrees 16.5 minutes E

    (16) The Taizhou Islands (1)    28 degrees 23.9 minutes N

                                    121
degrees 55.0 minutes E

    (17) The Taizhou Islands (2)    28 degrees 23.5 minutes N

                                    121
degrees 54.7 minutes E

    (18) Daotiaoshan    27 degrees 27.9 minutes N

                        121
degrees 07.8 minutes E

    (19) The Dongyin Island    26 degrees 22.6 minutes N

                              
120 degrees 30.4 minutes E

    (20) The Dongsha Island    26 degrees 09.4 minutes N

                              
120 degrees 24.3 minutes E

    (21) The Niushan Island    25 degrees 25.8 minutes N

                              
119 degrees 56.3 minutes E

    (22) The Wuqiu Island    24 degrees 58.6 minutes N

                            
119 degrees 28.7 minutes E

    (23) The Dongding Island    24 degrees 09.7 minutes N

                                118
degrees 14.2 minutes E

    (24) Daganshan    23 degrees 31.9 minutes N

                      117
degrees 41.3 minutes E

    (25) The Nanpeng Islands (1)    23 degrees 12.9 minutes N

                                    117
degrees 14.9 minutes E

    (26) The Nanpeng Islands (2)    23 degrees 12.3 minutes N

                                    117
degrees 13.9 minutes E

    (27) Shibeishanjiao    22 degrees 56.1 minutes N

                          
116 degrees 29.7 minutes E

    (28) Zhenshiyan    22 degrees 18.9 minutes N

                      
115 degrees 07.5 minutes E

    (29) The Jiapeng Islands    21 degrees 48.5 minutes N

                                113
degrees 58.0 minutes E

    (30) The Weijia Island    21 degrees 34.1 minutes N

                              112
degrees 47.9 minutes E

    (31) Dafanshi    21 degrees 27.7 minutes N

                     112 degrees
21.5 minutes E

    (32) The Qizhou Islands    19 degrees 58.5 minutes N

                              
111 degrees 16.4 minutes E

    (33) Shuangfan    19 degrees 53.0 minutes N

                      111
degrees 12.8 minutes E

    (34) The Dazhou Island (1)    18 degrees 39.7 minutes N

                                  110
degrees 29.6 minutes E

    (35) The Dazhou Island (2)    18 degrees 39.4 minutes N

                                  110
degrees 29.1 minutes E

    (36) Shuangfanshi    18 degrees 26.1 minutes N

                        
110 degrees 08.4 minutes E

    (37) Lingshuijiao    18 degrees 23.0 minutes N

                        
110 degrees 03.3 minutes E

    (38) Dongzhou (1)    18 degrees 11.0 minutes N

                        
109 degrees 42.1 minutes E

    (39) Dongzhou (2)    18 degrees 11.0 minutes N

                        
109 degrees 41.8 minutes E

    (40) Jinmujiao    18 degrees 09.5 minutes N

                      109
degrees 34.4 minutes E

    (41) Shenshijiao    18 degrees 14.6 minutes N

                        109
degrees 07.6 minutes E

    (42) The Xigu Island    18 degrees 19.3 minutes N

                            108
degrees 57.1 minutes E

    (43) Yinggezui (1)    18 degrees 30.2 minutes N

                          108
degrees 41.3 minutes E

    (44) Yinggezui (2)    18 degrees 30.4 minutes N

                          108
degrees 41.1 minutes E

    (45) Yinggezui (3)    18 degrees 31.0 minutes N

                          108
degrees 40.6 minutes E

    (46) Yinggezui (4)    18 degrees 31.1 minutes N

                          108
degrees 40.5 minutes E

    (7) Ganenjiao    18 degrees 50.5 minutes N

                     108 degrees
37.3 minutes E

    (48) Sigengshajiao    19 degrees 11.6 minutes N

                          108
degrees 36.0 minutes E

    (49) Junbijiao    19 degrees 21.1 minutes N

                      108
degrees 38.6 minutes E

    2. The staight lines joining the following adjacent base points shall be
the baseline of the territorial sea adjacent to the Xisha Islands:

    (1) The Dongdao Island (1)    16 degrees 40.5 minutes N

                                  112
degrees 44.2 minutes E

    (2) The Dongdao Island (2)    16 degrees 40.1 minutes N

                                  112
degrees 44.5 minutes E

    (3) The Dongdao Island (3)    16 degrees 39.8 minutes N

                                  112
degrees 44.7 minutes E

    (4) Langhuajiao (1)    16 degrees 04.4 minutes N

                          
112 degrees 35.8 minutes E

    (5) Langhuajiao (2)    16 degrees 01.9 minutes N

                          
112 degrees 32.7 minutes E

    (6) Langhuajiao (3)    16 degrees 01.5 minutes N

                          
112 degrees 31.8 minutes E

    (7) Langhuajiao (4)     16 degrees 01.0 minutes N

                            112
degrees 29.8 minutes E

    (8) The Zhongjian Island (1)    15 degrees 46.5 minutes N

                                    111
degrees 12.6 minutes E

    (9) The Zhongjian Island (2)    15 degrees 46.4 minutes N

                                    111
degrees 12.1 minutes E

    (10) The Zhongjian Island (3)    15 degrees 46.4 minutes N

                                    
111 degrees 11.8 minutes E

    (11) The Zhongjian Island (4)    15 degrees 46.5 minutes N

                                    
111 degrees 11.6 minutes E

    (12) The Zhongjian Island (5)    15 degrees 46.7 minutes N

                                    
111 degrees 11.4 minutes E

    (13) The Zhongjian Island (6)    15 degrees 46.9 minutes N

                                    
111 degrees 11.3 minutes E

    (14) The Zhongjian Island (7)    15 degrees 42.7 minutes N

                                    
111 degrees 11.4 minutes E

    (15) Beijiao (1)    17 degrees 04.9 minutes N

                        111
degrees 26.9 minutes E

    (16) Beijiao (2)    17 degrees 05.4 minutes N

                        111
degrees 26.9 minutes E

    (17) Beijiao (3)    17 degrees 05.7 minutes N

                        111
degrees 27.2 minutes E

    (18) Beijiao (4)    17 degrees 06.0 minutes N

                        111
degrees 27.8 minutes E

    (19) Beijiao (5)    17 degrees 06.5 minutes N

                        111
degrees 29.2 minutes E

    (20) Beijiao (6)    17 degrees 07.0 minutes N

                        111
degrees 31.0 minutes E

    (21) Beijiao (7)    17 degrees 07.1 minutes N

                        111
degrees 31.6 minutes E

    (22) Beijiao (8)    17 degrees 06.9 minutes N

                        111
degrees 32.0 minutes E

    (23) The Zhaoshu Island (1)    16 degrees 59.9 minutes N

                                  
112 degrees 14.7 minutes E

    (24) The Zhaoshu Island (2)    16 degrees 59.7 minutes N

                                  
112 degrees 15.6 minutes E

    (25) The Zhaoshu Island (3)    16 degrees 59.4 minutes N

                                  
112 degrees 16.6 minutes E

    (26) The Beidao Island    16 degrees 58.4 minutes N

                              112
degrees 18.3 minutes E

    (27) The Zhongdao Island    16 degrees 57.6 minutes N

                                112
degrees 19.6 minutes E

    (28) The Nandao Island    16 degrees 56.9 minutes N

                              112
degrees 20.5 minutes E

    (1) The Dongdao Island (1)    16 degrees 40.5 minutes N

                                  112
degrees 44.2 minutes E

    The other part of the baseline of the territorial sea of the People’s
Republic of China shall be announced separately by the government of the
People’s Republic of China.






VOCATIONAL EDUCATION LAW

Category  EDUCATION Organ of Promulgation  The Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress Status of Effect  In Force
Date of Promulgation  1996-05-15 Effective Date  1996-09-01  


Vocational Education Law of the People’s Republic of China

Contents
Chapter I  General Provisions
Chapter II  The System of Vocational Education
Chapter III  The Implementation of Vocational Education
Chapter IV  The Guarantee of Vocational Education
Chapter V  Supplementary Provisions

(Adopted at the 19th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth

National People’s Congress on May 15, 1996, promulgated by Order No.69 of the
President of the People’s Republic of China on May 15, 1996)
Contents

    Chapter I    General Provisions

    Chapter II   The System of Vocational Education

    Chapter III  The Implementation of Vocational Education

    Chapter IV   The Guarantee of Vocational Education

    Chapter V    Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I  General Provisions

    Article 1  With a view to implementing the strategy of rejuvenating
China through science and education, developing vocational education,
enhancing the quality of laborers and promoting the construction of the
socialist modernization, this Law is hereby enacted in accordance with the
Education Law and the Labor Law.

    Article 2  This Law shall apply to various vocational school education at
various levels and vocational training in various forms. Special training
conducted by state organs for their personnel shall be prescribed separately
by laws and regulations.

    Article 3  Vocational education is an important part of educational
undertakings of the state and an important way to promote the economic and
social development and the employment.

    The state shall develop the vocational education, push the vocational
education reform, raise the quality of vocational education, establish and
improve a vocational education system that keeps abreast of the market
economy and social progress.

    Article 4  Vocational education shall follow the state’s educational
policy, giving the education receivers education on ideology, politics and
vocational ethics, teaching vocational knowledge, developing vocational
technical abilities, conducting vocational directions and raising the quality
of the education receivers in an all-round way.

    Article 5  Citizens shall have the right to receive vocational education.

    Article 6  People’s governments at various levels shall incorporate the
development of vocational education into the planning of the national economy
and social development.

    Trade associations, enterprises and institutional organizations shall
perform their duties to carry out vocational education in accordance with
law.

    Article 7  The state shall adopt measures to develop rural vocational
education and support the minority nationality regions, remote border areas
and poverty-stricken areas to develop their vocational education.

    The state shall adopt measures to assist women in receiving vocational
education, organize the unemployed to receive vocational education in various
forms and give aid to the development of the vocational education for
disabled people.

    Article 8  Vocational education shall, in the light of actual needs and
according to the vocational categories and vocational grade standards, adopt
systems of academic credentials, training certifications and vocational
credentials.

    The state shall adopt a system under which workers shall receive
necessary vocational education before taking up occupations or going to their
posts.

    Article 9  The state shall encourage and organize scientific research in
vocational education.

    Article 10  The state shall give rewards to organizations and individuals
who have made remarkable achievements in the work of vocational education.

    Article 11  The education administrative department of the State
Council shall be responsible for the overall planning, comprehensive
coordination of and macro control of vocational education.

    The education administrative department, the labor administrative
department and other relevant departments of the State Council shall, within
the scope of their functions and duties prescribed by the State Council, be
respectively responsible for relevant work of vocational education.

    Local people’s governments at county level and above shall strengthen the
leadership, overall coordination, supervision, direction and assessment with
regard to the work of vocational education in their own administrative
regions.
Chapter II  The System of Vocational Education

    Article 12  The state shall, in accordance with the economic development
level and the situation of universal education of various regions, implement
the educational division at different stages mainly after junior middle
school, institute and improve a vocational education system under which
vocational education and vocational training shall be developed concurrently
and vocational education shall be connected with other education with
coordinate development of both.

    Article 13  Vocational school education includes primary, secondary and
higher vocational school education.

    Primary and secondary vocational school education shall be carried out
respectively by primary and secondary vocational schools. Higher vocational
school education shall, in accordance with the actual needs and conditions,
be undertaken by higher vocational school or by common institutions of higher
learning. Other schools may, in accordance with the overall planning by the
education administrative department, implement vocational school education at
corresponding levels.

    Article 14  Vocational training includes training before employment,
training for armymen transferred to civilian work, training for apprentices,
on-the-job training, transfer training and other training of vocational
nature. Vocational training may, according to the actual situation, be
classified as primary, secondary or higher vocational training.

    Vocational training shall be respectively undertaken by corresponding
vocational training institutions and vocational schools.

    Other schools and educational institutions may, according to their
educational capacity, develop various vocational training to meet the needs
of the society.

    Article 15  In addition to the educational institutions for disabled
people which shall give vocational education to disabled people, vocational
schools, vocational training institutions and other educational institutions
at various levels and of various types shall, in accordance with relevant
provisions of the state, admit disabled students and give them vocational
education.

    Article 16  Common middle schools may, in line with local conditions,
open vocational education courses or, in accordance with the actual needs,
appropriately increase the contents of vocational education in teaching.
Chapter III  The Implementation of Vocational Education

    Article 17  Local people’s governments at county level and above shall
sponsor vocational schools and vocational training institutions and make them
as mainstays and examples, give guidance and support to vocational schools
and vocational training institutions held in accordance with law in rural
areas or by enterprises, institutional organizations, social organizations,
other social groups or citizens.

    Article 18  People’s governments at county level shall, in accordance
with the need of overall and coordinate development of rural economy,
agricultural science, technology and rural education, conduct vocational
education in various forms, develop training of practical technology and
promote the development of rural vocational education.

    Article 19  The competent departments of the governments and trade
associations shall jointly sponsor or sponsor on their own vocational schools
and vocational training institutions, organize, coordinate and direct the
enterprises and institutional organizations of their own sector or trade in
running vocational schools and vocational training institutions.

    Using modern teaching methods to develop vocational education shall be
encouraged by the state.

    Article 20  Enterprises shall, in accordance with their actual situation,
give vocational education in a planned way to their staff and workers and
persons to be employed.

    Enterprises may jointly run or run on their own vocational schools and
vocational training institutions, they may also entrust vocational schools or
vocational training institutions with the vocational education of their staff
and workers or persons to be employed by them.

    Staff and workers engaging in technical work must receive proper training
before going to their posts. Staff and workers engaging in special work must
receive relevant training and obtain qualifications for the special work.

    Article 21  The state encourages institutional organizations, social
organizations, other social groups and citizens to run vocational schools
and vocational training institutions in accordance with relevant provisions
of the state.

    Procedures for sponsorship of vocational schools and vocational training
institutions in China by organizations or individuals from abroad shall be
formulated by the State Council.

    Article 22  For jointly sponsoring a vocational school or vocational
training institution, the sponsors shall conclude a contract for the joint
sponsorship.

    Where a competent department of the government, trade association,
enterprise or institutional organization entrusts a vocational school or
vocational training institution with vocational education, a contract shall
be concluded for the entrustment.

    Article 23  In conducting vocational education, vocational schools and
vocational training institutions shall combine education with practice,
serve the local economic construction, maintain close ties with enterprises
and train practical personnel and skilled workers.

    Vocational schools and vocational training institutions may run
enterprises and training places regarding the vocational education.

    Article 24  For establishment of a vocational school, the following basic
conditions must be satisfied:

    (1) Have its organizational structure and constitution;

    (2) Have qualified teachers;

    (3) Have teaching places which accord with the prescribed standards, and
facilities and equipment suitable for the vocational education; and

    (4) Have necessary funds for running the school and stable sources of the
funds.

    The following basic conditions must be satisfied for the establishment of
a vocational training institution:

    (1) Have its organizational structure and management system;

    (2) Have teachers and management personnel suited to the training tasks;

    (3) Have necessary places, facilities and equipment for the conduct of
training; and

    (4) Have necessary funds.

    The establishment, changes and termination of vocational schools and
vocational training institutions shall be conducted in accordance with
relevant provisions of the state.

    Article 25  Students receiving education from vocational schools shall,
after passing the examination of the school, be issued academic credentials
in accordance with relevant provisions of the state. Students receiving
vocational training shall, after passing the examination of the vocational
schools or vocational training institutions which give the training, be
issued training certifications in accordance with relevant provisions of the
state.

    Academic credentials and training certifications shall, in accordance
with relevant provisions of the state, be used as certifications of graduates
and trainees of vocational schools and vocational training institutions when
them are employed.
Chapter IV  The Guarantee of Vocational Education

    Article 26  The state encourages raising funds from various channels
according to law for the development of vocational education.

    Article 27  People’s governments of various provinces, autonomous regions
and municipalities directly under the central government shall determine
the average financial standard per student of vocational schools in their
administrative regions; relevant departments of the State Council shall,
in conjunction with the financial department of the State Council, determine
the average financial standard per student of vocational schools under the
departments. Sponsors of vocational schools shall, in accordance with the
average financial standards per student, appropriate in full the vocational
education funds.

    People’s governments at various levels and relevant departments of the
State Council shall increase step by step the financial allocations for
vocational schools and vocational training institutions.

    No organization or individual may embezzle or pocket a portion of funds
for vocational education.

    Article 28  Enterprises shall bear the expenses for vocational education
given to their staff and workers and persons to be employed by them. The
concrete measures shall be formulated according to law by relevant
departments of the State Council together with the finical department of the
State Council or by people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions or
municipalities directly under the central government.

    Article 29  If any enterprise fails to conduct vocational education in
accordance with Article 20 of this Law, the local people’s government at
county level or above shall order it to make correction; if the enterprise
refuses to make correction, the vocational education funds that the
enterprise should bear may be collected, and such funds shall be used for
the local vocational education.

    Article 30  People’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the central government may set aside a special
sum or arrange a portion for vocational education from the local extra
charges they have decided to collect for education in accordance with
relevant provisions of the Education Law.

    Article 31  People’s governments at various levels may appropriate proper
amounts for rural vocational training from the funds for developing
agricultural science and technology or for spreading the technology.

    Article 32  Vocational schools and vocational training institutions may
charge tuition fees from students receiving secondary or higher vocational
school education or vocational training, but students with financial
difficulties and disabled students shall enjoy a partial or total tuition
waiver. The measures for collection of tuition shall be formulated by
people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities
directly under the central government.

    The state encourages enterprises, institutional organizations, social
organizations, other social groups and citizens to establish, in accordance
with relevant provisions of the state, scholarship and loans for vocational
education to give rewards to students getting excellent marks in studies or to
aid students with financial difficulties.

    Article 33  Incomes received from the running of enterprises and
provision of social service by vocational schools and vocational training
institutions shall be mainly used to develop vocational education.

    Article 34  The state encourages financial institutions to support and
develop vocational education by applying the way of credit.

    Article 35  The state encourages enterprises, institutional
organizations, social organizations, other social groups and citizens to
donate to vocational education, encourages organizations and individuals from
abroad to give financial aid or make donations to vocational education. The
aid and donation offered must be used in vocational education.

    Article 36  People’s governments at county level and above and relevant
departments shall incorporate the training of vocational education teachers
into the planning of construction of contingent of teachers, so as to
ensure that the contingent of vocational education teachers can meet the
needs of the development of vocational education.

    Vocational schools and vocational training institutions may engage
specialized technical persons, persons with special technical ability and
teachers of other educational institutions as part-time teachers. The
relevant departments and units shall give convenience.

    Article 37  Relevant departments of the State Council, local people’s
governments at county level and above and the organizations and citizens
running vocational schools and vocational training institutions shall
strengthen the construction of productive and training bases for vocational
education.

    Enterprises and institutional organizations shall accept students and
teachers from vocational schools and vocational training institutions to do
practice; those doing practice on certain posts shall be paid properly.

    Article 38  People’s governments at county level and above and relevant
departments shall establish and improve a service system for vocational
education and strengthen the work of edition, publishing and distribution of
teaching materials for vocational education.
Chapter V  Supplementary Provisions

    Article 39  Those violating provisions of the Education Law in vocational
education activities shall be punished in accordance with relevant provisions
of the Education Law.

    Article 40  This Law shall enter into force on September 1, 1996.






PROVISIONS OF THE STATE COUNCIL FOR FURTHER MAKING PERFECT ECONOMIC POLICY ON CULTURE

Category  CULTURE Organ of Promulgation  The State Council Status of Effect  In Force
Date of Promulgation  1996-09-05 Effective Date  1996-09-05  


Provisions of the State Council for Further Making Perfect Economic Policy on Culture



(September 5, 1996)

    With a view to effectively strengthening the construction of socialist
spiritual civilization, facilitating the healthy development of cultural
undertakings, the State Council has decided to further make perfect economic
policy on culture so that while the state finance strengthens the investment
into cultural undertakings, other funding channels could be broadened and a
fund solicitation system with multi-funding channels which conforms with the
requirements of the socialist market economy could be erected step by step.

    1. Levy of Cultural Undertaking Construction Fees

    To lead and control the development of cultural undertakings, the state
shall from the date of January 1, 1996 and onward, levy cultural undertaking
construction fees nationwide except for localities where such fees have
already been collected:

    (1) An amount of three percent of business income shall be levied as
cultural undertaking construction fees upon all profit-making song halls,
ballrooms, Karaoke rooms, music-and-tea rooms, and recreational places of
golf, billiards or bowling.

    An amount of three percent of business profit shall be levied as cultural
undertaking construction fees upon all broadcasts, TV stations, newspapers,
journals, other advertisement-service-inclusive units and units that run
business of open place advertisement.

    (2) Cultural undertaking construction fees shall be collected by local tax
organs simultaneously with business tax levied on entertainment and
advertisement services. Payment of cultural undertaking construction fees by
units attached to the central government or state organs shall, after being
collected by local tax organs, all be turned over to the central state
treasury. Payment of cultural undertaking construction fees by localities
shall all be turned over to provincial state treasuries.

    (3) Cultural undertaking construction fees shall be subjected to financial
budget management. Specialized funds at both central and provincial levels
shall be set up, which should have their funds used in the construction of
cultural undertakings. Detailed procedures governing the management and
application of cultural undertaking construction fees shall be drafted by the
financial department in cooperation with other relevant administrative
departments.

    2. Contributions to Cultural Undertakings Shall Be Encouraged

    To encourage the financial support of social forces to cultural
undertakings, the following donations to cultural institutions by a taxpayer
through the administrative department in charge of culture or through
non-profit-making charity institutions established after authorization may,
subject to the examination of the competent tax organ, be deducted up to three
percent of annual taxable income when the taxpayer computes his taxable income.

    (1) donations to key state symphony orchestras, ballet troupes, opera
troupes or Beijing opera troupes and other theatres performing national arts;

    (2) donations to public welfare institutions such as libraries, museums,
science and technology centres, art galleries, revolutionary history
celebration halls;

    (3) donations to major culture relics preservation units.

    3. Financial and Tax Preferential Policies Shall Be Continuously Adopted

    With the economic development and revenue increase, investment in cultural
undertakings shall be enlarged step by step. Preferential financial and tax
policies shall continue.

    (1) During the Ninth-Five-Year period, the value-added tax imposed upon
publications of the seven categories described in the Provisions on continuing
Preferential Policy on Finance and Taxation for Propaganda and Cultural Units,
which was promulgated by the Financial Ministry and the State Tax
Administration through Financial and Tax document No.089 in 1994, and upon
publications sold by Xinhua bookstores at county level and below, and by rural
supply and marketing cooperatives shall continue to be subject to the
procedure of “collection first and refunding later”. Film studios established
after authorization by the State Council shall have their sales income of film
copies exempted from levy of value-added tax. Central and provincial financial
departments shall continue to approve the expense budget of propaganda and
cultural enterprises according to their actual payment of income tax in the
preceding year, and shall establish special funds for propaganda and culture
development. Central and provincial financial departments, shall, when making
a budget, continue to allocate part of the budget as special money for the
funds for propaganda and culture development.

    Where the finance and taxation preferential policy is terminated due to
readjustment of tax system, financial departments at different levels shall,
through budget arrangement, solve consequent fund problems of propaganda and
culture units.

    (2) Financial aid to the “Border Cultural Corridor of Ten Thousand Li”
shall be raised properly. Certain amount of minority nationality undertakings
funds and border construction funds shall be allocated for support to cultural
undertakings construction of remote border areas and minority nationality
areas.

    4. Establishment and Improvement of Specialized Fund System

    To promote the development of propaganda and cultural undertakings,
strengthen the competence of control, ensuringly satisfy major demands and
standardize the management of funds, the central and provincial governments
shall establish a sound specialized fund system.

    Sources of the specialized funds include financial budget or
extra-budgetary funds such as fees collected according to the relevant state
regulations. The financial department shall make proper budgetary arrangement
for the specialized funds. Other relevant departments shall collect
extra-budgetary funds strictly according to corresponding regulations.
Presently, focus of the work shall be placed on improvement of the following
funds: Specialized funds for Propaganda and Culture Development, Specialized
Funds for Composition and Performance of Excellent Operas and Programmes,
National Specialized Funds for Development of Film Undertakings, Specialized
Funds for Development of Publishing Undertakings.

    Specialized funds are part of financial resources, and shall be subject to
the relevant financial regulations and placed under a more sound system and
strengthened management. Specialized funds shall be specially used and
subjected to the supervision and check of financial and auditing departments.






MARTIAL LAW

Category  LEGISLATION AND MISCELLANEOUS AFFAIRS Organ of Promulgation  The Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress Status of Effect  In Force
Date of Promulgation  1996-03-01 Effective Date  1996-03-01  


Martial Law of the People’s Republic of China

Contents
Chapter I  General Provisions
Chapter II  Enforcement of the Martial Law
Chapter III  Measures for Enforcement of the Martial Law
Chapter IV  Duties of the Martial Law Enforcers
Chapter V  Supplementary Provisions

(Adopted at the 18th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth

National People’s Congress, promulgated by Order No.61 of the President of the
People’s Republic of China on March 1, 1996)
Contents

    Chapter I  General Provisions

    Chapter II  Enforcement of the Martial Law

    Chapter III  Measures for Enforcement of the Martial Law

    Chapter IV  Duties of the Martial Law Enforcers

    Chapter V  Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I  General Provisions

    Article 1  Pursuant to the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China,
the present Law is formulated.

    Article 2  In case of occurrence of turmoil, tumult or serious riot that
imperils the unity, safety or social public order of the state to such an
extent that the social order would not be maintained and the people’s personal
and property safety not protected if extraordinary measure should not be
adopted, the state may decide to enforce the martial law.

    Article 3  The enforcement of martial law over the whole state or in
particular province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the
central government shall be proposed by the State Council and submitted to the
Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress for decision; the
President of the People’s Republic of China shall proclaim the order of
martial law according to the decision of the Standing Committee of the
National People’s Congress.

    The enforcement of martial law in certain district of a province,
autonomous region or municipality directly under the central government shall
be decided by the State Council and the order of the martial law be proclaimed
by the Premier of the State Council.

    Article 4  During the period of the enforcement of the martial law, with a
view to ensuring the enforcement of the martial law, maintaining the social
public order, the state may formulate according to the present Law special
provisions of the district under martial law regarding the exercise of
citizens’ rights and freedom provided for by the Constitution and the law.

    Article 5  The people’s governments of the district under martial law
shall according to the present Law adopt necessary measures to restore normal
social order as soon as possible, safeguard the personal and property safety
of the people and ensure the supply of life necessities.

    Article 6  All organizations and individuals of the district under martial
law shall rigorously abide by the order of the martial law and the
prescriptions for the enforcement of the martial law and actively assist the
people’s government in restoring normal social order.

    Article 7  The state shall adopt effective measures to protect from
infringement the legitimate rights and interests of the organizations or
individuals who abide by or implement the prescriptions of the order of the
martial law.

    Article 8  The tasks for the enforcement of the martial law shall be
fulfilled by the people’s police and armed people’s police and, where
necessary, the State Council may propose to the Central Military Commission
for decision that the people’s liberation army be dispatched for assisting to
enforce the martial law.
Chapter II  Enforcement of the Martial Law

    Article 9  The enforcement of the martial law over the whole country or in
particular province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the
central government shall be organized by the State Council.

    The enforcement of the martial law in certain district of a province,
autonomous region or municipality directly under the central government shall
be organized by the people’s government of the province, autonomous region or
municipality directly under the central government, or, when necessary,
directly by the State Council.

    The agency organizing the enforcement of the martial law is referred to as
the martial law enforcement organ.

    Article 10  The martial law enforcement organ shall establish a martial
law commanding body, which shall command and coordinate concerned departments
to fulfill tasks for enforcement of the martial law, uniformly make
arrangements and adopt measures for the enforcement of the martial law.

    The people’s liberation army undertaking the martial law tasks shall,
subject to the uniform arrangements of the martial law commanding body, be
commanded by the military organ designated by the Central Military Commission.

    Article 11  The order of the martial law shall specify the area scope
under the martial law, the starting and ending time and the enforcement organ
etc.

    Article 12  Upon the removal of urgent situation for which the martial
law was enforced according to provisions of Article 2 of the present Law, the
martial law shall be lifted in time.

    The procedures regarding lifting of the martial law are the same with that
governing the decision for the introduction of the martial law.
Chapter III  Measures for Enforcement of the Martial Law

    Article 13  During the period of the enforcement of the martial law, the
martial law enforcement organ may decide to adopt the following measures in
the district under martial law and formulate more detailed procedures for
implementation thereof:

    (1) prohibiting or imposing restrictions on assembly, procession,
demonstration, speech on street or other gathering activities;

    (2) prohibiting strike of employees, students and shopkeepers;

    (3) practising press censorship;

    (4) putting under control correspondence, post and telecommunications;

    (5) putting under control the exit from or entry into the border;

    (6) prohibiting any resisting activities against the enforcement of the
martial law.

    Article 14  During the period of enforcement of the martial law, the
martial law enforcement organ may decide to adopt measures in the district
under martial law to control the traffic, impose restrictions on passengers’
entry into and exit from the district under traffic control and inspect
certificates of passengers, vehicles and commodities when they exit from or
enter the district under traffic control.

    Article 15  During the period of enforcement of the martial law, the
martial law enforcement organ may decide to impose a curfew on the district
under the martial law. During the period of curfew, passengers when going
through the street or other public places of the district under curfew shall
hold identity card of their own and the special pass issued by the martial law
enforcement organ.

    Article 16  During the period of enforcement of the martial law, the
martial law enforcement organ or the martial law commanding body shall adopt
special measures in the district under martial law for management of the
following commodities and articles:

    (1) weapons and ammunitions;

    (2) cutting tools subject to control;

    (3) inflammables and explosives;

    (4) dangerous chemicals, radioactive substances and highly poisonous
substances.

    Article 17  In light of the necessity for implementing the tasks of
enforcement of the martial law, the people’s government at and above the
county level in the district under martial law may temporarily requisition the
state organs, enterprises, institutions, social organizations or individual
citizens for their houses, premises, facilities, conveyances or project
machines. In most urgent cases the on-the-spot commanding officials of the
people’s police, the armed people’s police or the people’s liberation army
undertaking martial law enforcement tasks may directly decide to make
temporary requisitions and the local people’s government shall provide
assistance therefor. Requisition receipts shall be made out when the
requisition is made.

    The aforesaid materials for temporary requisition shall be timely returned
after their use have been finished or the martial law is lifted. In case of
any damage because of the requisition the people’s government at and above the
county level shall make compensations according to relevant state provisions.

    Article 18  During the period of enforcement of the martial law, measures
shall be adopted to strengthen guarding of the following units and premises of
the district under martial law:

    (1) headquarters;

    (2) military agencies and important military facilities;

    (3) foreign consulates and embassies instituted in China, representative
offices of international organizations in China and residing places of state
guests;

    (4) import news units such as broadcasting stations, television stations,
the state news agency and the important facilities thereof;

    (5) public enterprises or public facilities that have important
significance to the national economy and the people’s livelihood;

    (6) airports, railway stations and harbours;

    (7) prisons, labour reformatories and detention houses;

    (8) other units or premises that need to be guarded.

    Article 19  To safeguard the supply of life necessities for residents of
the district under the martial law, the martial law enforcement organ may
adopt special measures for the management of the production, transportation,
supply and price of those life necessities.

    Article 20  The measures and procedures for the enforcement of the martial
law adopted by the martial law enforcement organ according to the present Law
shall be publicized if they require the observation of the public. During the
period of enforcement those measures and procedures that are not necessary for
continuous implementation shall in light of the situation be timely proclaimed
for termination of their implementation.
Chapter IV  Duties of the Martial Law Enforcers

    Article 21  The people’s police, the armed people’s police and the
people’s liberation army undertaking tasks of martial law enforcement are the
enforcers of the martial law.

    Martial law enforcers undertaking martial law enforcement tasks shall bear
the badge uniformly specified by the martial law enforcement organ.

    Article 22  Martial law enforcers shall according to prescriptions of the
martial law enforcement organ have the power to make inspection on
certificates, vehicles and commodities of passengers on the public roads or
other public places of the district under the martial law.

    Article 23  Martial law enforcers shall according to prescriptions of the
martial law enforcement organ have the power to detain persons who violate
prescriptions regarding the curfew until the early morning when the curfew is
lifted for that day, to make body search of the detained persons and to
inspect the materials and commodities brought along with them.

    Article 24  Martial law enforcers shall according to prescriptions of the
martial law enforcement organ have the power to put under detention the
following persons:

    (1) persons who are found or highly suspect of committing crimes of
imperiling the state safety or sabotaging the social order;

    (2) persons who obstruct or resist the enforcers’ implementation of tasks
for enforcement of the martial law;

    (3) persons who resist traffic control or defy the prescriptions for the
curfew;

    (4) persons who resist the enforcement of the martial law in other forms.

    Article 25  Martial law enforcers shall according to prescriptions of the
martial law enforcement organ have the power to make body inspection of the
detained persons, to inspect the residence of criminal suspects, or places
suspected of hiding criminals, criminal suspects or weapons, ammunitions or
other dangerous articles.

    Article 26  In any of the following cases of gathering in the district
under martial law, the martial law enforcers, when failing to stop the
gathering by persuasion, may, according to relevant prescriptions, use police
apparatus to stop or disperse the gathering by force, bring by force the
organizers and resisters away from the gathering place and/or put them under
detention immediately:

    (1) illegal assembly, procession, demonstration or other gathering
activities;

    (2) illegally occupying public places or provoking sabotaging activities
in public places;

    (3) assaulting state organs or other important units or places;

    (4) disturbing the traffic order or intentionally obstructing the traffic;

    (5) gathering to plunder or sabotage the properties of government organs,
associations, enterprises, institutions or individual citizens.

    Article 27  Martial law enforcers shall timely register and interrogate
the persons detained in accordance with the present Law and shall set free
those persons immediately after finding it unnecessary to put them under
custody.

    The procedures and length in respect to detention and arrest during the
period of martial law enforcement may not be subject to restrictions provided
for by relevant stipulations of the Criminal Procedure Law of the People’s
Republic of China; but the act of arrest shall subject to the approval or
decision of the people’s procuratorate.

    Article 28  In any of the following cases of extraordinary emergency in
the district under martial law, the military law enforcers, when failing to
put an end by using police apparatus, may use firearms or other weapons:

    (1) the safety of the life of citizen or martial law enforcer being
endangered by violence;

    (2) the offender resisting by violence, committing murder or escaping when
it is attempted to detain or arrest them or send them away under escort;

    (3) the offender seizing weapons or ammunitions by force;

    (4) the important body or target guarded being assaulted by violence or in
the severe danger of being assaulted by violence;

    (5) the operation of fire fighting, dealing with emergency, rescue or
implementation of other important urgent tasks being obstructed by serious
violence;

    (6) other cases in which firearms and other weapons may be used according
to law or administrative regulations.

    Martial law enforcer shall strictly observe the prescriptions regarding
using of firearms or other weapons.

    Article 29  Martial law enforcers shall strictly observe the law,
regulations and enforcement rules, obey the orders, perform the duties,
respect the customs and traditions of local nationals and must not infringe
upon or damage the legitimate rights and interests of the citizens.

    Article 30  The actions conducted by martial law enforcers for fulfillment
of tasks according to law shall be protected by law.

    In case of violation of the present Law, abuse of power, violation or
damage of the legitimate rights and interests of citizens by martial law
enforcers, the legal liabilities shall be investigated into according to law.
Chapter V  Supplementary Provisions

    Article 31  In case the state does not decide to enforce a martial law
when serious riot arises in partial district of a particular county or city
that severely endangers the state safety, social public security and the
people’s lives and property, the local people’s government of the respective
province may, subject to approval of the State Council, decide to organize the
people’s police and the armed people’s police to put under control the traffic
and the site, make restrictions on entry into and exit from the controlled
area, inspect certificates, vehicles, materials and commodities of passengers
entering or exiting from the controlled area, disperse, search or bring away
from the site by force the participants in the riot and immediately put under
detention the organizers and resisters. In case the people’s police and the
armed people’s police are not adequate to maintain the social order, the State
Council may be requested to propose to the Central Military Commission for
decision that the people’s liberation army be dispatched to assist the local
people’s government in restoring and maintaining the normal social order.

    Article 32  The present Law comes into force as of the date of
promulgation.






CIRCULAR OF THE STATE COUNCIL CONCERNING APPROVING AND TRANSMITTING THE JOINT PROPOSALS OF THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF THE STATE COUNCIL AND THE CHINA SECURITIES SUPERVISORY AND REGULATORY COMMISSION ON FURTHER STRENGTHENING SUPERVISION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE OPTION MARKET

Category  BANKING Organ of Promulgation  The State Council Status of Effect  In Force
Date of Promulgation  1996-02-23 Effective Date  1996-02-23  


Circular of the State Council Concerning Approving and Transmitting the Joint Proposals of the Securities Commission of the State
Council and the China Securities Supervisory and Regulatory Commission on Further Strengthening Supervision and Management of the
Option Market

The Circular
Appendix: JOINT PROPOSALS ON FURTHER STRENGTHENING SUPERVISION AND

(February 23, 1996)

The Circular

    The State Council has approved the Joint Proposals on Further
Strengthening Supervision and Management
of the Option Market submitted by the
Securities Commission of the State council and the China Securities
Supervisory and Regulatory Commission, and hereby transmits them to you for
the earnest implementation thereof.
Appendix: JOINT PROPOSALS ON FURTHER STRENGTHENING SUPERVISION AND
MANAGEMENT OF THE OPTION MARKET

    Complying with the overall strategy of the State Council, the Securities
Commission of the State Council and the China Securities Supervisory and
Regulatory Commission (hereinafter abbreviated to CSSRC) have strengthened the
management and restructuring of the option market. After two years’ effort,
the tendency of disorderly development of the option market has to certain
extent been restrained, the market actions have been gradually regulated, the
competence of supervision and management has been further improved and the
pilot projects have been progressed to the right path. However, the option
market still suffers from some problems that should not been neglected. The
protruding problems are as follows: a few big clients, relying on their
capital strength, conspire to rig the market for staggering profits; a few
people embezzle public funds to speculate in futures for private profit at the
public expense, utilize bank loans or call money or collect capital under
disguise for forward business; some individual clients even commit financial
crimes in forward exchanges in violation of relevant regulations purposely.
Those offences not only obstruct other enterprises in lawful business
activities such as arbitrage transactions for value maintenance but also
disrupt the normal order of the option market and obstruct its healthy
development. To further restrain excessive speculations and strengthen the
supervision and regulation of the option market, following proposals are put
forward:

    1. Enterprises and institutions owned by the state or dominated by state
capital stocks (hereinafter referred to as state-owned enterprises and
institutions) shall be allowed to develop arbitrage transactions for value
maintenance only on futures commodities that are relevant to the production
and business of the enterprises and institutions in question and should not
conduct speculation or malicious manipulation in forward transactions.
State-owned enterprises and institutions who are to engage in arbitrage
transactions for value maintenance shall show the forward exchange or futures
agent institutions documents of approval obtained from relevant authority in
charge or from the board of directors. Those who fails to show the document of
approval may not be accepted by the forward exchange as an institutional
member or by futures agent institutions as a client. In case a forward
exchange or a futures agent institution violates the abovementioned
stipulations, the CSSRC shall, in addition to investigation into the
responsibilities of the persons in charge, order a correction, a fine, a stop
of business for futures exchange or disqualification from being a trial
forward exchange or a futures transaction agent in light of the seriousness of
the offence. State-owned enterprises or institutions who arbitrarily conduct
forward transactions without approval of the authority in charge or board of
directors or suffer a loss in speculation in forward business shall have the
persons in charge assessed in terms of responsibilities.

    2. Different kinds of banking institutions may not for itself or on
commission of others engage in forward business. Those banking institutions
who have begun forward business for itself shall within 40 business days after
the date of March 4, 1996 square the cash account for the business. Those
banking institutions who have begun forward business on commission of others
may not accept new clients ever from the date of March 4, 1996 and shall
within 40 business days thereafter conclude all agent business by squaring the
cash accounts or by transfer of the clients cash to other futures agent
institutions. All forward exchanges who have banking institutions as business
members thereof shall perform supervisory function so that those institutions
could within the prescribed time conclude forward business whether operated
for themselves or on commission of others, and shall deprive them of the
membership after matters concerning credits and liabilities are settled.
Futures agent institutions who have banking institutions as clients shall
perform supervisory functions so that those institutions could within the
prescribed time bring their accounts to a balance and shall cancel the
accounts after matters concerning credit and liabilities are settled.

    Any banking institution may not make out letter of security on capital
intended for forward transactions. It is rigorously prohibited to use bank
loans or call money for forward business. Banking institutions at all levels
shall strengthen supervision and management to guard against the flow of
credit funds into the option market.

    3. Futures agent companies may not engage in forward transactions for
themselves. Those who have begun such business for themselves shall within 40
business days from the date of March 4, 1996 square the account with the cash
held for forward business. In case a futures agent company continues the
forward transactions for itself against this stipulation, the CSSRC shall, in
addition to investigation into the responsibilities of the persons in charge,
order a correction, a fine, a stop of business for rectification, or
disqualification from being a forward business agent in light of the
seriousness of the offence.

    4. With a view to reinforcing the supervision and management of the option
market, effectively preventing from, investigating and dealing with market
manipulation cases, the CSSRC may in accordance with relevant procedures make
inquiries into the accounts opened at the commercial banks or other banking
institutions by forward exchanges, futures agent institutions and clients.

    5. All forward exchanges shall in consideration of their own individual
circumstances establish a system of “banning entrance into the market”. Those
institutions or individuals who have proved to have rigged the market or
committed fraudulent conducts in forward transactions and have therefore
caused serious consequence shall be publicized as “the persons banned from
entrance into the market” and be reported to the CSSRC, who shall then
circulate a notice among all forward exchanges. In addition to issue of an
order for squaring the forward business accounts, all forward exchanges,
futures agent institutions shall immediately stop accepting new directions for
forward transaction from “the person banned from entrance into the market”. If
the criminal law is violated, the case shall be transferred to the judicial
organs for assessment of criminal responsibilities. For those who have been
notified by the CSSRC as “persons banned from entrance into the market”, no
forward exchange or futures agent institution may open accounts for their
forward business within three years. In case a forward exchange or a futures
agent institution accepts a person banned from entrance into the market, the
CSSRC shall, in addition to investigation into the responsibilities of the
concerned persons in charge, order a correction, confiscation of illicit
gains, a fine, a stop of business for rectification, disqualification from
being a trial forward exchange or from developing forward agent business.

    6. With a view to bringing into full play the functioning of the option
market for value maintenance through futures and prices identification, to
preventing from a large amount of capital being utilized on small commodity
futures, and to ridding the option market of the vicious circle of more and
more rampant speculation in smaller and smaller commodities futures, certain
kinds of staple commodities futures which are maturely developed in the
international market and that can most effectively perform the function of
value maintenance through futures should be selected in due course for trial
marketing by a few much standardized forward exchanges subject to strict
supervision and control.






RULES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BUSINESSES OF SETTLEMENT AND SALE OF AND PAYMENT IN FOREIGN EXCHANGE OF FOREIGN-CAPITAL BANKS

The People’s Bank of China

Rules for the Implementation of the Businesses of Settlement and Sale of and Payment in Foreign Exchange of Foreign-capital Banks

the People’s Bank of China

June 18, 1996

Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1

These Rules are formulated in accordance with the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of Financial Institutions
with Foreign Investment and the Provisions on Administration of Settlement and Sale of and Payment in Foreign Exchange for the purposes
of improving the system of foreign exchange settlements and sales and standardizing the activities of foreign exchange settlements,
sales and payments of banks with foreign investment.

Article 2

Foreign-capital banks mentioned in these Rules refer to foreign capital banks, branches of foreign banks and Chinese-foreign equity
joint banks within Chinese territory approved by the People’s Bank of China and issued with a Licence to Engage in Foreign Exchange
Business by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange.

Article 3

Renminbi special accounts for settlement and sale of foreign exchange mentioned in these Rules refer to Renminbi special accounts
opened by foreign-capital banks in local branches of the People’s Bank of China and used for conducting the business operations of
settlement and sale of foreign exchange.

Article 4

Foreign-capital banks shall only be allowed to conduct such business operations as settlement and sale of and payment in foreign exchange
of enterprises with foreign investment, settlements under loans of non enterprises with foreign investment and other business operations
of settlement and sale of and payment in foreign exchange approved by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, and shall implement
the provisions of the Provisions on Administration of Settlement and Sale of and Payment in Foreign Exchange.

Chapter II Administration of Renminbi Special Accounts for Settlement and Sale of Foreign Exchange

Article 5

A foreign-capital bank may, upon the approval of a local branch of the People’s Bank of China, open a Renminbi special account for
settlement and sale of foreign exchange at the local branch of the People’s Bank of China which is to be used for receiving and paying
Renminbi in the business operations of settlement and sale of foreign exchange.

Article 6

A foreign-capital bank which is to open a Renminbi special account for settlement and sale of foreign exchange shall meet the following
requirements:

(1)

It is authorized by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange to conduct import and export settlement operations;

(2)

It is a member of the China Transaction Center of Foreign Exchange after being approved by the China Transaction Center of Foreign
Exchange and reported to the State Administration of Foreign Exchange for the record.

Article 7

A foreign-capital bank which is to open a Renminbi special account for settlement and sale of foreign exchange shall submit the following
documents:

(1)

an application for opening a Renminbi special account for settlement and sale of foreign exchange;

(2)

the Licence to Engage in Foreign Exchange Business Operations issued by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange;

(3)

documents certifying the approval of its status as a member of the Foreign Exchange Transaction Center of China.

Article 8

A foreign-capital bank which is authorized to open a Renminbi special account for settlement and sale of foreign exchange may, by
selling 20 per cent of its registered foreign exchange capital funds or operation funds through the foreign exchange transaction
market among banks, buy Renminbi and have it deposited into the Renminbi special account for settlement and sale of foreign exchange
as working capital funds.

Article 9

Foreign Exchange bureaus shall exercise balance control over Renminbi special accounts for settlement and sale of foreign exchange
of foreign-capital banks. The daily capital balance of a Renminbi special account for settlement and sale of foreign exchange shall
not exceed the verified amount without approval. The balance exceeding the verified amount shall be converted into foreign exchange
through foreign exchange transactions among banks and shall not be lent in Renminbi. The State Administration of Foreign Exchange
shall, depending on the conditions of the settlement and sale of foreign exchange of a foreign-capital bank, verify and adjust the
balance of its Renminbi special account for settlement and sale of foreign exchange.

Article 10

Where a Renminbi special account for settlement and sale of foreign exchange is not enough to be settled due to the failure of transference
of Renminbi funds, a Chinese-funded financial institution which signs a daily lending agreement on settlement and sale of foreign
exchange with this foreign-capital bank and opens an account at the local branch of the People’s Bank of China may, by asking a local
financing intermediate institution engaged in inter-bank lending business to act as its agent, provide daily lending funds to the
foreign-capital bank within a period of 48 hours so as to ensure the normal transactions.

Article 11

The scopes of revenues and expenditures of a Renminbi special account for settlement and sale of foreign exchange of a foreign-capital
bank shall be as follows: Revenues: money in Renminbi derived from selling its foreign exchange capital funds or operation funds;
money in Renminbi allocated into the account by clients for buying foreign exchange; money in Renminbi derived from the sale of foreign
exchange through the foreign exchange market among banks. Expenditures: money in Renminbi due to clients for the settlement of foreign
exchange; money in Renminbi for buying foreign exchange through the foreign exchange market among banks.

Article 12

Foreign-capital banks conducting the business operations of settlement and sale of foreign exchange shall participate in the “Renminbi
bills clearance system in the same city” of the People’s Bank of China so as to establish a network of allocation of Renminbi between
foreign-capital banks and their clients and to conduct clearance of Renminbi funds.

Article 13

A foreign-capital bank participating in the “Renminbi bills clearance system in the same city” shall meet the following requirements:

(1) possessing staff members passing the examination of “Renminbi bills clearance in the same city”;

(2) possessing an agreement on daily lending RMB for settlement and sale of foreign exchange signed with a Chinese-funded financial
institution.

Article 14

Foreign-capital banks shall use Renminbi special payment vouchers of settlement and sale of foreign exchange uniformly printed and
produced by the People’s Bank of China to undertake the receipts and payments of funds in Renminbi special accounts of settlement
and sale of foreign exchange, and shall not have the special vouchers used in any other businesses.

Article 15

Foreign-capital Banks shall use their Renminbi special accounts of settlement and sale of foreign exchange in accordance with the
Measures for Administration of Bank Accounts (promulgated by the People’s Bank of China on October 9,1994), and shall not use them
for receiving or paying, depositing or transferring Renminbi for any other unit or individual, and shall not lease, lend or exchange
these Renminbi special accounts.

Chapter III Supplementary Provisions

Article 16

Foreign-capital banks shall, in accordance with the Interim Measures for Administration of Verification of Import Payment of Foreign
Exchange and other relevant provisions, undergo the relevant formalities of verification of import payment of foreign exchange for
their clients and render cooperation in the work in relation to the verification of export collection of foreign exchange.

Article 17

For the purpose of avoiding the risks of foreign exchange rates by clients with forward trade contracts, foreign-capital banks may,
upon approval, conduct the businesses of forward transactions between Renminbi and foreign exchange and other value-preservation
business in accordance with the relevant provisions.

Article 18

Foreign-capital banks shall every day submit their Daily Statement of Renminbi Special Accounts Balance for Settlement and Sale of
foreign exchange of Banks with Foreign Investment to the local branches of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange and the statements
required by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange. When the daily balance of account funds exceeds the amount of a special
account for settlement and sale of foreign exchange verified by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, the bank shall report
the matter to the foreign exchange bureau on its initial.

Article 19

The foreign exchange bureaus shall, in accordance with the provisions, supervise and examine the business operations of settlement
and sale of and payment in foreign exchange and the uses of Renminbi special accounts for settlement and sale of foreign exchange
by foreign-capital banks with foreign investment.

Article 20

Where the relevant provisions of these Rules are violated, the foreign exchange bureau may, in accordance with the Regulations of
the People’s Republic of China on Foreign Exchange Control, give a warning, issue a notice of criticism, impose a fine or have the
business operations of settlement and sale of and payment in foreign exchange suspended.

Article 21

The State Administration of Foreign Exchange shall be responsible for the interpretation of these Rules.

Article 22

These Rules shall enter into force as of July 1, 1996. The Interim Provisions on Renminbi Special Accounts of Foreign-capital Banks
shall be repealed simultaneously.



 
The People’s Bank of China
1996-06-18

 







CONSTITUTION ACT, 1982 – page 22

NOTES (1) The enacting clause was repealed by the Statute Law Revision Act, 1893, 56-57 Vict., c. 14 (U.K.). It read as...