Uncategorized

SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS II ON THE MEASURES FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN COMMERCIAL FIELDS

Decree of the Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China

No. 22

The Supplementary Provisions II on the Measures for the Administration of Foreign Investment in Commercial Fields, which were deliberated
and adopted at the 8th executive meeting of the Ministry of Commerce on August 21, 2006, are hereby promulgated and shall come into
force as of December 1, 2006.
Bo Xilai, Minister of the Ministry of Commerce

November 3, 2006

Supplementary Provisions II on the Measures for the Administration of Foreign Investment in Commercial Fields

For the purposes of promoting the establishment of a closer economic partnership between Hong Kong and Macao and encouraging Hong
Kong and Macao service providers to set up commercial enterprises in mainland China, pursuant to the Supplementary Agreement III
on Hong Kong/Mainland Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement and the Supplementary Agreement III on Macao/Mainland Closer Economic
Partnership Arrangement as approved by the State Council, the supplementary provisions on matters of Hong Kong and Macao service
providers’ investment in commercial fields in the Measures for the Administration of Foreign Investment in Commercial Fields (Decree
of the Ministry of Commerce [2004], No. 8 ) are hereby formulated as follows:

1.

Where the same Hong Kong, or Macao service provider has set up over thirty (30) shops accumulatively in mainland China, if the commodities
operated include books, newspapers, magazines, pharmaceutical, pesticide, agricultural film, chemical fertilizer, grain, plant oil,
sugar, cotton, etc., and the above commodities are with different brands, from different suppliers, the Hong Kong or Macao service
provider is allowed to hold the shop, but with a capital contribution less than 65%.

2.

The term “Hong Kong or Macao service provider” in the present Provisions shall be in line with the definition of “Service Provider”
and relevant provisions in Hong Kong/Mainland Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement and Macao/Mainland Closer Economic Partnership
Arrangement respectively.

3.

Other matters in respect of Hong Kong or Macao service providers’ investment in commercial fields in mainland China shall still be
executed in accordance with the Measures for the Administration of Foreign Investment in Commercial Fields.

4.

The present Provisions shall be implemented as of December 1, 2006.



 
Ministry of Commerce
2006-11-03

 







REGULATION ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE COPYRIGHT LAW OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

The Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation

Order of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China

No.359

The Regulation on the Implementation of the Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China is hereby promulgated for implementation
as of September 15, 2002.

Zhu Rongji, Premier of the State Council

August 2, 2002

Regulation on the Implementation of the Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China

Article 1

The present Regulation has been enacted on the basis of the Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereafter “the Copyright
Law”).

Article 2

The term “works” used in the Copyright Law refers to original intellectual creations in the literary, artistic and scientific domain,
in so far as they are capable of being reproduced in a certain tangible form.

Article 3

The term “creation” mentioned in the Copyright Law refers to intellectual activities from which literary, artistic and scientific
works are directly resulted.

The making of arrangement and the provision of consultation, material means or supporting service, done for others in their creating
activities, shall not be deemed as acts of creating.

Article 4

Definitions of the following works mentioned in the Copyright Law and the present Regulation are:

(1)

Written works are works expressed in writing, such as novels, poems, pieces of prose and treatises;

(2)

Oral works are works, such as impromptu speeches, lectures and court debates, which are created in spoken language;

(3)

Musical works are works, with or without accompanying words, which can be sung or performed, such as songs and symphonies;

(4)

Dramatic works are works, such as dramas, operas and local art forms, which are created for stage performance;

(5)

Qu Yi works are works created mainly for performance in a way involving recitation, singing, or both, such as xiangsheng (cross talk),
kuaishu (clapper talk), dagu (story singing with the accompaniment of a small drum) and pingshu (story telling);

(6)

Choreographic works are works which express ideas and emotions by means of successive body movements, gestures and facial movements;

(7)

Acrobatic works are works which are expressed through shapes and acts of body and other skills, such as acrobatics, magic, circus,
etc.

(8)

Works of fine art are two- or three-dimensional works created in lines, colors or other medium which, when being viewed, impart esthetic
effects, such as paintings, works of calligraphy, sculptures, etc.;

(9)

Architectural works are works that are represented by buildings or forms of buildings and that, when viewed, could impart esthetic
effects;

(10)

Photographic works are the kind of artistic works created by recording the images of objective objects on light-sensitive materials
or other media with the aid of devices;

(11)

Cinematographic works and works created by methods similar to producing movies refer to those that are created by shooting on some
medium and that consist of a series of frames of images, with or without accompanying sound, and can be screened with the aid of
devices or transmitted by other means;

(12)

Works of drawing include engineering designs and product designs created for the purpose of constructions and productions and atlases
or sketch maps that show geographic phenomena or demonstrate the elements or structures of things;

(13)

Model works are three-dimensional works that are created in certain proportions according to the shapes and structures of objects
for the purpose of demonstration, experiment or observation, etc.

Article 5

Definitions of the following terms as mentioned in the Copyright Law and the present Regulation are:

(1)

News of current events refers to the mere report of facts or happenings conveyed by mass media including newspapers, periodicals
and radios and television stations, etc.;

(2)

Sound recordings are the recordings of any sounds performed or other sounds;

(3)

Video recordings are recordings of a series of related images or pictures, with or without accompanying sounds, other than cinematographic
works and works that are created by ways similar to shooting movies;

(4)

Producer of sound recordings refers to the original producer of the sound recordings;

(5)

Producer of video recordings refers to the original producer of the video recordings;

(6)

Performer refers to actors or acting entities or other persons who perform literary and artistic works.

Article 6

Copyright originates as of the day when the creation of a work is completed.

Article 7

The works of foreigners or stateless persons that are published for the first time without the territory of China as mentioned in
Article 2 , Paragraph 3 of the Copyright Law shall be subject to protection on the day when they are published for the first time.

Article 8

Where any of the works of any foreigner or stateless person is published within the territory of China within 30 days after being
published for the first time without the territory of China, it shall be deemed as being published within the territory of China
simultaneously.

Article 9

The copyright to co-authored works that cannot be used piecemeal shall be shared by the co-authors and exercised through negotiations.
Where an agreement fails and there is no good reason, no co-author may stop any other co-author from exercising his rights other
than assignment, but the gains acquired shall be shared by the co-authors in a reasonable way.

Article 10

Where the copyright owner has authorized the making of cinematographic works or works created in ways similar to shooting movies on
the basis of his or her work, it shall be implied that he or she has granted permission to make necessary alterations to his or her
work, in so far as such alteration does not distort or mutilate the original work.

Article 11

The term “work assignment” as used in Article 16 , Paragraph 1 of the Copyright Law concerning assignment works refers to the duties
that a citizen should fulfill for the legal person or organization.

The term “material and technical conditions” as mentioned in Article 16 , Paragraph 2 of the Copyright Law concerning assignment works
refers to the funds, equipments or materials specially provided by the legal person or organization for the citizen to complete the
creation of the work.

Article 12

The remunerations that the author obtains from a third party by permit him to use his assignment work in similar ways as the entity
uses it within two years after the work is completed and upon the consent of the entity where he works shall be shared by the entity
according to the proportion as agreed upon by the author and the entity.

The aforementioned 2 years’ period after the creation of the work shall be calculated from the date on which the work concerned is
submitted to the entity.

Article 13

In the case of a work of unknown authorship, the copyright thereof shall be exercised by the holder of the original copy of the work
except the right of authorship. After the authorship has been ascertained, the copyright shall be exercised by the author or the
heirs thereof.

Article 14

Where any of the coauthors dies and the copyright thereof as mentioned in Article 10 , Paragraph 1, Items 5 through 17 of the Copyright
Law which there is no one to inherit or to be bequeathed, it shall be enjoyed by other coauthors.

Article 15

The right of authorship, the right of revision and the right of keeping the integrity of the work shall, after the author dies, be
protected by the inheritor or bequeathed.

In the absence of inheritors or bequeathed, right of authorship, right of revision and right of keeping the integrity of the work
shall be protected by the copyright administrative authority.

Article 16

The copyright enjoyed by the State shall be enforced by the copyright administrative authority on behalf of the State.

Article 17

In the case of posthumous works, the right of publication may be exercised by the inheritor or the bequeathed within 50 years after
the author’s death if the author has not explicitly expressed that the work shall not be published. In the absence of any inheritor
of bequeathed, the said right may be exercised by the lawful holder of the original work.

Article 18

In the case of a work of unknown authorship, the term of protection of the rights as provided in Article 10 , Paragraph 1, Items 5
through 17 of the Copyright Law, shall be 50 years ending on December 31 of the fiftieth year after the first publication of the
work. The provisions of Article 21 of the Copyright Law shall be applicable after authorship of the work has been ascertained.

Article 19

When using other author’s work, the name of the author and the post_title of the work shall be specified unless it has been otherwise agreed
upon by the parties concerned or it cannot be specified due to the peculiarity of the way of use.

Article 20

The term “published work” as mentioned in the Copyright Law refers to a work which has been made known to the public by the holder
of copyright or by permission.

Article 21

According to the relevant provisions of the Copyright Law, the use of any published work for which it is permitted not to obtain the
permission of the holder of copyright shall not affect the normal use of the work, and shall not unreasonably impair the lawful rights
of the holder of copyright.

Article 22

The rate of royalties for the use of work in ways as provided in Articles 23, 32 (2), and 39 (3) of the Copyright Law shall be formulated
and promulgated by the administrative authority of copyright under the State Council in collaboration with the administrative authority
of price affairs under the State Council.

Article 23

For the use of other author’s work, agreements for permitted use of work shall be concluded with the holder of copyright. Where the
permitted use right is an exclusive one, the agreement shall be in writing, however, with the exception of the works published in
newspapers and magazines.

Article 24

The exclusive use as provided in Article 24 of the Copyright Law shall be subject to the stipulations of agreements. If it is not
stipulated or not clearly stipulated in any agreement, it shall be deemed that the party permitted shall have the right to exclude
any one including the holder of copyright to use the work in the same ways as he does. Unless it is otherwise stipulated in the contract,
the party permitted must obtain the permission of the holder of copyright before permitting any third party to exercise the same
right.

Article 25

The contracts concluded with the holder of copyright for the exclusive use or transfer of the work may be submitted to the administrative
authority of copyright for archivist purposes.

Article 26

The term “copyright-related rights” as mentioned in the Copyright Law and the present Regulation mean the right enjoyed by publishers
as to the format design of the books and magazines published thereby, the right enjoyed by performers as to their performances, the
right enjoyed by producers of audio and video recordings as to their products of audio-video recordings, and the rights enjoyed by
radio and television stations as to the programs in their broadcasts.

Article 27

The publishers, performers, producers of audio-video recordings, broadcasting and televisions stations shall not, in their exercise
of rights, infringe upon the rights of the holder of copyright to the works used and the original work.

Article 28

Where it is stipulated in the contract for publishing books that the publisher has the right to publication but such right is not
specified in detail, it shall be deemed that the publisher has the exclusive right to publish the original or revised versions of
the book in the same languages within the valid term of the contract and within the geographic areas as stipulated in the contract.

Article 29

Where two orders of the copyright holder sends to the publisher have not been performed within 6 months, it shall be deemed as the
sellout as mentioned in Article 31 of the Copyright Law.

Article 30

Where the holder of copyright announces that his work may not be reprinted or compiled in extracts according to Article 32 , Paragraph
2 of the Copyright Law, he shall make the announcement in the newspaper or magazine when the work is published.

Article 31

Where the holder of copyright announces that no audio recordings may be made to his work as pursuant to Article 39 , Paragraph 3 of
the Copyright Law, he shall make the announcement when the work is lawfully made into a product of audio recordings.

Article 32

According to the provisions of Articles 23, 32 (b), 39 (c) of the Copyright Law, for any use of the work of any other person, payment
of royalty shall be made to the holder of copyright within 2 months after the work is used.

Article 33

Performances of foreigners and stateless persons within the People’s Republic of China shall be subject to the protection of the Copyright
Law.

The right which a foreigner or stateless person enjoys in his performances according to the international treaties to which China
has acceded to shall be subject to the protection of the Copyright Law.

Article 34

The audio recordings produced or published by a foreigner or stateless person within the territory of the People’s Republic of China
shall be subject to the Copyright Law.

The rights that a foreigner or stateless person enjoys in the audio recordings he produces or publishes according to the international
treaties to which China has acceded to shall be subject to the Copyright Law.

Article 35

The rights that a foreign radio broadcasting station or television station enjoys in any of its programs according to the international
treaties to which China has acceded to shall be subject to the protection of the Copyright Law.

Article 36

For any of the tortious acts as mentioned in Article 47 of the Copyright Law which at the same time injures the social public good,
a fine of up to three times the illegal proceeds shall be imposed upon the tort-feasor by the administrative authority of copyright.
If it is not easy to calculate the illegal proceeds, a fine of up to 100,000 yuan may be imposed upon the tort-feasor.

Article 37

Any tortious act as mentioned in Article 47 of the Copyright Law that injures the social public good at the same time shall be investigated
and punished by the administrative authority of copyright under the local people’s government.

The administrative department of copyright under the State Council may investigate and punish a tortious act of national influence.

Article 38

The present Regulation shall enter into force as of September 15, 2002. The Regulation for the Implementation of the Copyright Law
of the People’s Republic of China which was ratified by the State Council on May 24, 1991 and promulgated by the State Copyright
Administration on May 30, 1991 shall be concurrently be repealed.



 
The Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation
2002-08-02

 







AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

e00254,e03514,e03515

National People’s Congress

Announcement of the National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China

The Amendments to the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China, which were adopted at the Second Session of the Tenth National
People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China on March 14,2004, are hereby promulgated and put into force.

The presidium of the Second Session of the Tenth National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China

March 14, 2004 in Beijing

Amendments to the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China

Article 18

The provision in paragraph 7 of the Preamble of the Constitution of “Under the guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and
Deng Xiaoping Theory” shall be modified as “Under the guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and
the important thought of ‘Three Represents'”. The provision of “Along the road of building socialism with Chinese characteristics”
shall be modified as “Along the socialist road with Chinese characteristics”. And the provision of “and to promote the coordinated
development of material civilization, political civilization and spiritual civilization” shall be added right after the provision
of” to modernize industry, agriculture, national defense and science and technology step by step”. Accordingly, the whole paragraph
shall be modified as “Both the victory in China’s New-Democratic Revolution and the successes in its socialist cause have been achieved
by the Chinese people of all nationalities, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and guidance of Marxism-Leninism
and Mao Zedong Thought, by upholding truth, correcting errors and surmounting numerous difficulties and hardships. China will be
in the primary stage of socialism for a long time to come. The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its effort on socialist
modernization along the socialist road with Chinese characteristics. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the
guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of ‘Three Represents’, the Chinese
people of all nationalities will continue to adhere to the people’s democratic dictatorship and the socialist road, persevere in
reform and opening to the outside world, steadily improve various socialist institutions, develop the socialist market economy, develop
socialist democracy, improve the socialist legal system and work hard and self-dependently to modernize the country’s industry, agriculture,
national defense and science and technology step by step, and to promote the coordinated development of material civilization, political
civilization and spiritual civilization to build China into a socialist country that is prosperous, powerful, democratic and culturally
advanced.”

Article 19

The provisions in the second sentence of paragraph 10 of the Preamble of “In the long years of revolution and construction, there
has been formed under the leadership of the Communist Party of China a broad patriotic united front that is composed of democratic
parties and people’s organizations, embracing all socialist working people, all patriots who support socialism and all patriots who
stand for reunification of the motherland. This united front will continue to be consolidated and developed.￿￿ shall be modified
as ” In the long years of revolution and construction, there has been formed under the leadership of the Communist Party of China
a broad patriotic united front that is composed of democratic parties and people’s organizations, embracing all socialist working
people, builders of the socialist cause, all patriots who support socialism and all patriots who stand for reunification of the motherland.
This united front will continue to be consolidated and developed.”

Article 20

The provisions in Paragraph 3, Article 10 of the Constitution of “The state may, for the public interest, take over land for its
use in accordance with the law.” shall be modified as “The state may, for the public interest, expropriate or take over land for
public use, and pay compensation in accordance with the law.”

Article 21

Paragraph 2, Article 11 of the Constitution: “The state protects the lawful rights and interests of the individual and private sectors
of the economy, and exercises guidance, supervision and control over the individual and private sectors of the economy.” shall be
modified as “The state protects the lawful rights and interests of the non-public sectors of the economy, including individual and
private sectors of the economy. The state encourages, supports and guides the development of the non-public sectors of the economy,
and exercises supervision and control over the non-public sectors according to law.”

Article 22

Article 13 of the Constitution: “The state protects the right of citizens to own lawfully earnings, savings, houses and other lawful
property.” and” The state protects by law the right of citizens to inherit private property” shall be modified as “The lawful private
property of citizens may not be encroached upon.” and ” The state protects by law the right of citizens to own private property and
the right to inherit private property.” and ” The state may, for the public interest, expropriate or take over private property of
citizens for public use, and pay compensation in accordance with the law.”

Article 23

One paragraph shall be added to Article 14 of the Constitution as paragraph 4, that is “The state establishes and improves the social
security system fitting in with the level of economic development.”

Article 24

One paragraph shall be added to Article 33 of the Constitution as paragraph 3, that is “The state respects and protects human rights.”
And paragraph 3 shall be changed into paragraph 4 accordingly.

Article 25

Paragraph 1, Article 59 of the Constitution: “The National People’s Congress is composed of deputies elected by the provinces, autonomous
regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, and by the armed forces. All the minority ethnic groups are enpost_titled
to appropriate representation.” shall be modified as “The National People’s Congress is composed of deputies elected by the provinces,
autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, and special administrative regions, as well as by the armed
forces. All the minority ethnic groups are enpost_titled to appropriate representation.”

Article 26

Item 20 of Article 67 of the Constitution concerning the authority of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress: “(20)
To decide on the enforcement of martial law throughout the country or in particular provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities
directly under the Central Government,” shall be modified as “(20) To decide on the declaration of the country as a whole or particular
provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the Central Government to be under a state of emergency”.

Article 27

Article 80 of the Constitution: “The President of the People’s Republic of China, in pursuance of the decisions of the National People’s
Congress and its Standing Committee, promulgates statutes, appoints or removes the Premier, Vice-Premiers, State Councilors, Ministers
in charge of ministries or commissions, the Auditor-General and the Secretary-General of the State Council; confers state medals
and post_titles of honor; issues orders of special pardons; proclaims martial law; proclaims a state of war; and issues mobilization orders.”
shall be modified as :”The President of the People’s Republic of China, in pursuance of the decisions of the National People’s Congress
and its Standing Committee, promulgates statutes, appoints or removes the Premier, Vice-Premiers, State Councilors, Ministers in
charge of ministries or commissions, the Auditor-General and the Secretary-General of the State Council; confers state medals and
post_titles of honor; issues orders of special pardons; declares a state of emergency, declares a state of war, and issues a mobilization
order.”

Article 28

Article 81 of the Constitution: “The President of the People’s Republic of China receives foreign diplomatic envoys on behalf of
the People’s Republic of China and; in pursuance of the decisions of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress, appoints
or recalls plenipotentiary representatives abroad, and ratifies or abrogates treaties and important agreements concluded with foreign
states. ” shall be modified as “The President of the People’s Republic of China represents the People’s Republic of China in conducting
activities of national affairs and receiving foreign diplomatic representatives and; in pursuance of the decisions of the Standing
Committee of the National People’s Congress, appoints or recalls plenipotentiary representatives abroad, and ratifies or abrogates
treaties and important agreements concluded with foreign states.”

Article 29

Item 16 of Article 89 of the Constitution concerning the functions and powers of the State Council: “(16) To decide on the enforcement
of martial law in part regions of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government” shall
be modified as “(16) To decide by law to place parts of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central
Government under a state of emergency”.

Article 30

Article 98 of the Constitution: “The term of office of the people’s congresses of provinces, municipalities directly under the Central
Government, counties, cities and municipal districts is five years. The term of office of the people’s congresses of townships, ethnic
townships and towns is three years” shall be modified as “The term of office of local people’s congresses at various levels is five
years.”

Article 31

The post_title of Chapter IV of the Constitution: “The National Flag, the National Emblem and the Capital” shall be modified as “The National
Flag, the National Anthem, the National Emblem and the Capital”. One paragraph shall be added to Article 136 of the Constitution
as paragraph 2: “The national anthem of the People’s Republic of China is ‘March of the Volunteers’.”



 
National People’s Congress
2004-03-14

 







AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA AND THE REPUBLIC OF TUNISIA CONCERNING THE RECIPROCAL ENCOURAGEMENT AND PROTECTION OF INVESTMENTS

AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA AND THE REPUBLIC OF TUNISIA CONCERNING THE RECIPROCAL ENCOURAGEMENT AND PROTECTION
OF INVESTMENTS

The People’s Republic of China and the Republic of Tunisia (hereinafter referred to as the Contracting Parties).

Intending to create favourable conditions for investments by investors of one Contracting Party in the territory of the other Contracting
Party;

Recognizing that the reciprocal promotion and protection of such investments will be conducive to stimulating business initiative
of the investors and will increase prosperity in both States;

Desiring to intensify the economic co-operation of both States on the basis of equality and mutual benefits;

Have agreed as follows:

Article 1

Definitions

For the purpose of this Agreement:

(1)

The term “Investment” means every kind of asset invested by investors of one Contracting Party in the territory of the other Contracting
Party in accordance with the laws and regulations of the latter, and in particular, though not exclusively, includes:

(a)

movable and immovable property as well as other rights in rem, such as, mortgages, pledges and liens;

(b)

shares, stocks and any other kind of participation in companies;

(c)

claims to money or to any other performance having an economic value;

(d)

intellectual property rights, including copyrights, patents, trade marks, trade names, technological process, know-how and good will;

(e)

concessions conferred by law or under contract permitted by law, including concessions to search for, or exploit natural resources.

Any change in the form in which assets are invested shall not affect their character as investments, provided that such change is
not contrary to the laws and regulations of the host country.

(2)

The term “Investor” means:

(a)

any natural person who has the nationality of one Contracting Party in accordance with the laws and regulations of one Contracting
Party;

(b)

any legal person or economic entity incorporated or constituted under the laws and regulations of the Contracting Party, irrespective
of whether or not for profit and whether its liabilities are limited or not.

(3)

The term “Return” means the amounts yielded by investments, such as profits, dividends, interests, royalties or fees.

(4)

The term “Territory” means, as regards of each Contracting Party, the territory under its sovereignty including adjacent seas and
submarine areas and other seaside areas over which the Contracting Party exercises, in accordance with international law, sovereign
rights or jurisdiction.

Article 2

Promotion and Protection of Investment

(1)

Each Contracting Party shall encourage and create favourable conditions for investors of the other Contraction Party to make investments
in its territory and admit such investments in accordance with its laws and regulations.

(2)

Investments of the investors of either Contracting Party shall enjoy full protection and security in the territory of the other Contracting
Party.

(3)

Each Contracting Party shall ensure that the management, maintenance, use, enjoyment, or disposal of investment in its territory of
investors of the other Contracting Party, shall not in any way be impaired by any unreasonable or discriminatory measures.

Article 3

Treatment of Investment

(1)

Investments of investors of each Contracting Party shall at all time be accorded fair and equitable treatment in the territory of
the other Contracting Party.

(2)

Each Contacting Party shall accord to investments and investors of the other Contracting Party treatment no less favorable than that
accorded to investments and investors of any third State.

(3)

The provisions of Paragraph (2) of this Article shall not be construed so as to oblige one Contracting Party to extend to the investments
and investors of the other Contracting Party, the benefit of any treatment, preference or privilege by virtue of:

(a)

any existing or future customs union, common market, free trade zone or other similar international agreement to which either of the
Contracting Party is or may become a party, or any other form of regional economic organization;

(b)

any international agreement or arrangement relating wholly or mainly to taxation;

(c)

any international agreement or arrangement for facilitating frontier trade.

Article 4

Expropriation

(1)

Neither Contracting Party shall expropriate, nationalise or take other similar measures (hereinafter referred to as “expropriation”)
against the investments of the investors of the other Contracting Party in its territory, unless the following conditions are met:

(a)

for the public interests

(b)

under domestic legal procedure

(c)

without discrimination

(d)

against compensation

(2)

The compensation mentioned in Paragraph 1 of this Article shall be equivalent to the market value of the expropriated investments
immediately before the expropriation is taken or the impending expropriation becomes public knowledge, which is earlier. The value
shall be determined in accordance with generally recognized principles of valuation. The compensation shall be made without delay,
be effectively realisable and freely transferable.

(3)

The investor affected shall have a right to access, under the law of the Contracting Party making the expropriation, to the competent
court of that Contracting Party, in order to review the amount of compensation and the legality of any such expropriation.

Article 5

Compensation for Damages and Losses

(1)

Investors of one Contracting Party whose investments in the territory of the other Contracting Party suffer losses owing to war or
other armed conflict, a state of national emergency, revolt, insurrection or riot in the territory of the latter Contracting Party,
shall be accorded by the latter Contracting Party treatment, as regards restitution, indemnification, compensation or other settlement
no less favourable than that which the latter Contracting Party accords to the investors of its own or any third State. The compensation
shall be freely transferable.

Article 6

Repatriation of Investments and Returns

(1)

Each Contracting Party shall guarantee to the investors of the other Contracting Party the transfer of their investments and returns
held in its territory, particularly though not exclusively:

(a)

profits, dividends, interests and fees;

(b)

proceeds of total or partial sale or liquidation of investments;

(c)

payments made pursuant to loan agreement in connection with an investment;

(d)

royalties in connection with paragraph 1 (d) of Article 1 ;

(e)

payments of technical assistance;

(f)

payments in connection with projects on contract;

(g)

compensation paid under Article 4 and 5 of this agreement

(h)

earnings of nationals of the other Contracting Party who work in connection with an investment in the territory of one Contracting
Party in accordance with the laws and regulations of this latter.

(2)

The Contracting Parties shall further ensure that transfers referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be made without undue
delay, in a freely convertible currency and at the prevailing market rate of exchange applicable on the date of transfer.

Article 7

Subrogation

If a Contracting Party or its Agency makes a payment to its investor in the territory of the other Contracting Party, such other Contracting
Party shall recognise the transfer of any right or claim of such investor to the former Contracting Party or its Agency, and recognise
the subrogation of the former Contracting Party or its Agency to such right or claim. The subrogated right or claim shall not be
greater than the original right or claim of the said investor.

Article 8

Settlement of Disputes between Contracting Parties

(1)

Any dispute between the Contracting Parties concerning the interpretation or application of this Agreement shall, as far as possible,
be settled with consultation through diplomatic channel.

(2)

If a dispute cannot thus be settled within six months, it shall, upon the request of either Contracting Party, be submitted to an
ad hoc arbitral tribunal.

(3)

Such tribunal comprises of three arbitrators. Within two months from the date on which either Contracting Party receives the written
notice requesting arbitration from the other Contracting Party, each Contracting Party shall appoint one arbitrator. Those two arbitrators
shall, within further two months, together select a third arbitrator who is a national of a third State having diplomatic relations
with both Contracting parties as Chairman of the arbitral tribunal.

(4)

If the arbitral tribunal has not been constituted within four months from the receipt of the written notice for arbitration, either
Contracting Party may, in the absence of any other agreement, invite the President of the International Court of Justice to appoint
the arbitrator (s) who has or have not been appointed. If the President is a national of either Contracting Party or is otherwise
prevented from discharging the said function, the next most senior member of the International Court of Justice who is not a national
of either Contracting Party or is not otherwise prevented from discharging the said function shall be invited to make such necessary
appointments.

(5)

The arbitral tribunal shall determine its own procedure. The arbitral tribunal shall reach its award in accordance with the provisions
of this Agreement and the principles of international law recognised by both Contracting Parties.

(6)

The arbitral tribunal shall reach its award by a majority of votes. Such award shall be final and binding upon both Contracting Parties.
The ad hoc arbitral tribunal shall, upon the request of either Contracting Party, explain the reasons of its award.

(7)

Each Contracting party shall bear the costs of its appointed arbitrator and of its representation in arbitral proceedings. The relevant
costs of the Chairman and tribunal shall be borne in equal parts by the Contracting Parties.

Article 9

Settlement of Disputes between investors

and one Contracting Party

(1)

Any dispute between a Contracting Party and an investor of the other Contracting Party, related to an investment, shall be as far
as possible settled amicably through negotiations.

(2)

If the dispute cannot be settled amicably through negotiations within six months from the date it has been raised by either party
to the dispute, it shall be submitted:

-to the competent court of the Contracting Party that is party to the dispute; or

-to the International Center for settlement of Investment Disputes (the Center) under the Convention on the Settlement of Disputes
between States and Nationals of Other States, done at Washington on March 18,1965;

Once the investor has submitted the dispute to the jurisdiction of the concerned Contraction Party or to the Center, the choice of
one of the two procedures shall be final.

Article 10

Other Obligations

(1)

If the provisions of law of either Contracting Party or obligations under international law existing at present or established hereafter
between the Contracting Parties in addition to this Agreement contain a regulation, whether general or specific, entitling investments
made by investors of the other Contracting Party to a treatment more favorable than is provided for by this Agreement, such provisions
shall prevail over this Agreement.

(2)

Each Contracting Party shall observe any commitments it may have entered into with the investors of the other Contracting Party as
regards to their investments.

(3)

Investments subject to the commitments mentioned in the previous Paragraph shall be governed, without prejudice to the provisions
of this Agreement, by the terms of those commitments insofar as their provisions are more favorable than those provided by this Agreement.

Article 11

Other Provision

Investors of one Contracting Party shall enjoy the most favored-nation treatment in the territory of the other Contracting Party in
respect of all the matters subject to this Agreement.

Article 12

Application

This Agreement shall apply to investments, which are made by investors of either Contracting Party in the territory of the other Contracting
Party after 8th of July in 1979 in the People’s Republic of China and after 1st January 1957 in the Republic of Tunisia. However
the Agreement shall not apply to any dispute concerning an investment which arose before its entry into force.

Article 13

Entry into force, Duration and Termination

(1)

This Agreement shall enter into force on the first day of the following month after the date on which both Contracting Parties have
notified to each other in writing that their respective internal legal procedures necessary for its entry into force have been fulfilled
and remain in force for a period of ten years.

(2)

This Agreement shall continue in force if either Contracting Party fails to give a written notice to the other Contracting Party to
terminate this Agreement one year before the expiration of the period specified in Paragraph 1 of this Article.

(3)

After the expiration of initial ten years period, either Contracting Party may at any time thereafter terminate this Agreement by
giving at least one year’s written notice to the other Contraction Party.

(4)

With respect to investments made prior to the date of termination of this Agreement, the provisions of Article 1 to 12 shall continue
to be effective for a further period of ten years from such date of termination.

In Witness Whereof the duly authorised representatives of their respective Governments, have signed this Agreement.

Done in duplicate at Tunisia on 21 June 2004 in the Chinese, Arabic and English languages, all texts being equally authentic. In case
of divergence of interpretation, the English text shall prevail.

For The People’s￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿For The Republic

Republic of China￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿ of Tunisia

Protocol to the Agreement Between the People’s Republic of China and the Republic of Tunisia for the Reciprocal Encouragement and
Protection of Investments

On signing the Agreement between the People’s Republic of China and the Republic of Tunisia for the Reciprocal Encouragement and Protection
of Investments, the undersigned representatives have, in addition, agreed on the following provisions, which shall constitute an
integral part of the Agreement:

Ad article 6

Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 6 of the Agreement, the transfer shall comply with relevant procedures stipulated
by the existing laws and regulations relating to foreign exchange administration of the host country. Such procedures must not be
carried out in any way to impair or derogate from the principles of free and undue delayed transfer.

Ad article 9

1.

The Republic of Tunisia takes note of the statement that the People’s Republic of China requires that the investor concerned exhausts
the domestic administrative review procedure specified by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, before submission
of the dispute to international arbitration under Article 9 paragraph (2). The People’s Republic of China guarantees that such a
procedure will take a maximum period of three months.

2.

The procedure specified in paragraph 1 allows the investor to apply to the competent administrative authorities but in any way to
judicial authorities for settlement of the dispute.

3.

If the dispute still exists after the maximum period of the administrative procedures specified in paragraph 1, the investor may submit
the dispute to the competent court or to the International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes for arbitration according
to article 9 paragraph (2) of the Agreement.

In Witness Whereof the duly authorised representatives of their respective Governments, have signed this Agreement.

Done in duplicate at Tunis on 21 June 2004 in the Chinese, Arabic and English languages, all texts being equally authentic. In case
of divergence of interpretation, the English text shall prevail.

For the People’s￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿For the Republic

Republic of China￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿of Tunisia

Mr. Wei Jinanguo￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿Mme Saida Chtioi

Vice-Minister of￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿Sec retaire d’Etat aupres du

Commerce￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿Ministre du AffairesEtrangeres



 
The Government of the People’s Republic of China
2004-06-21

 







ELECTORAL LAW OF THE NATIONAL PEOPLE’S CONGRESS AND LOCAL PEOPLE’S CONGRESSES OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Electoral Law of the National People’s Congress and Local People’s Congresses of the People’s Republic of China










(Adopted at the Second Session of the Fifth National People’s Congress on July 1, 1979, promulgated by Order No.2
of the Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on July 4, 1979 and effective as of January 1, 1980;
amended for the first time in accordance with the Resolution on the Revision of Certain Provisions in the Electoral Law of the National
People’s Congress and Local People’s Congresses of the People’s Republic of China, adopted at the Fifth Session of the Fifth National
People’s Congress on December 10, 1982; amended for the second time in accordance with the Decision on the Revision of the Electoral
Law of the National People’s Congress and Local People’s Congresses of the People’s Republic of China, adopted at the 18th Meeting
of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People’s Congress on December 2, 1986; amended for the third time in accordance with
the Decision Regarding Revision of the Electoral Law of the National People’s Congress and Local People’s Congresses of the People’s
Republic of China, adopted at the 12th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People’s Congress on February 28,
1995; amended for the fourth time in accordance with the Decision on Amending the Electoral Law of the National People’s Congress
and Local People’s Congresses of the People’s Republic of China adopted at the 12th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Tenth
National People’s Congress on October 27, 2004) 

Contents 

Chapter I    General Provisions 

Chapter II   Number of Deputies to the Local People’s Congresses at Various Levels 

Chapter III  Number of Deputies to the National People’s Congress 

Chapter IV   Elections Among Minority Nationalities 

Chapter V    Zoning of Electoral Districts 

Chapter VI   Registration of Voters 

Chapter VII  Nomination of Candidates for Deputies 

Chapter VIII Election Procedure 

Chapter IX   Supervision, Recall and By-Elections Held to Fill Vacancies 

Chapter X    Sanctions Against Disruption of Elections 

Chapter XI   Supplementary Provisions 

 

Chapter I 

General Provisions 

Article 1  The Electoral Law of the National People’s Congress and Local People’s Congresses is formulated in accordance with
the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China. 

Article 2  Deputies to the National People’s Congress and to the people’s congresses of provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities
directly under the Central Government, cities divided into districts, and autonomous prefectures shall be elected by the people’s
congresses at the next lower level. 

Deputies to the people’s congresses of cities not divided into districts, municipal districts, counties, autonomous counties, townships,
nationality townships, and towns shall be elected directly by their constituencies. 

Article 3  All citizens of the People’s Republic of China who have reached the age of 18 shall have the right to vote and stand
for election, regardless of ethnic status, race, sex, occupation, family background, religious belief, education, property status
or length of residence. 

Persons who have been deprived of political rights according to law shall not have the right to vote and stand for election. 

Article 4  Each voter shall have the right to vote only once in an election. 

Article 5  Elections shall be conducted separately in the People’s Liberation Army, and the procedures for such elections shall
be formulated separately. 

Article 6  Among deputies to the National People’s Congress and local people’s congresses at various levels, there shall be
an appropriate number of women deputies, and the proportion thereof shall be raised gradually. 

The National People’s Congress and the local people’s congresses of the areas with a relatively large number of returned overseas
Chinese shall have an appropriate number of deputies who are returned overseas Chinese. 

Citizens of the People’s Republic of China who reside abroad but who are in China during the election of deputies to people’s congresses
at or below the county level may take part in such elections conducted in their ancestral home town or place of domicile before they
went abroad.  

Article 7  The Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress shall conduct the election of deputies to the National People’s
Congress. The standing committees of the people’s congresses of provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the
Central Government, cities divided into districts, and autonomous prefectures shall conduct the elections of deputies to the people’s
congresses at the corresponding levels.  

In cities divided into districts, municipal districts, counties, autonomous counties, townships, nationality townships, and towns,
election committees shall be established to conduct the election of deputies to the people’s congresses at the corresponding levels.
The election committees of cities not divided into districts, municipal districts, counties and autonomous counties shall be under
the leadership of the standing committees of the people’s congresses at the corresponding levels. The election committees of townships,
nationality townships, and towns shall be under the leadership of the standing committees of the people’s congresses of cities not
divided into districts, municipal districts, counties and autonomous counties. 

The standing committees of the people’s congresses of provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government,
cities divided into districts, and autonomous prefectures shall direct the work of electing deputies to the people’s congresses at
or below the county level in their administrative areas. 

Article 8  Election funds for the National People’s Congress and the local people’s congresses at various levels shall be disbursed
by the State Treasury. 

Chapter II 

Number of Deputies to the Local People’s Congresses at Various Levels 

Article 9  The number of deputies to the local people’s congresses at various levels shall be determined in accordance with
the following provisions: 

(1) The base number of deputies to the people’s congress of a province, an autonomous region, or a municipality directly under the
Central Government is 350. For a province or an autonomous region, one more deputy may be added for every one hundred fifty thousand
people, and for a municipality directly under the Central Government, one more deputy may be added for every twenty-five thousand
people, however, the total number of its deputies shall not exceed 1,000. 

(2) The base number of deputies to the people’s congresses of a city divided into districts or an autonomous prefecture is 240. One
more deputy may be determined for every twenty-five thousand people; however, if the population of the city or autonomous prefecture
exceeds ten million, the total number of its deputies shall not exceed 650; 

(3) The base number of deputies to the people’s congresses of a county, an autonomous county, a city not divided into districts or
a municipal district is 120. One more deputy may be added for every five thousand people; however, if the population there exceeds
one million six hundred fifty thousand, the total number of deputies shall not exceed 450; if the population is less than fifty thousand
people, the total number of deputies may be less than 120; 

(4) The base number of deputies to the people’s congress of a township, a nationality township or a town is 40. One more deputy may
be added for every one thousand five hundred people; however, if the population of a township or a nationality township exceeds ninety
thousand, the total number of its deputies shall not exceed 100; if the population of a town exceeds one hundred thirty thousand,
its total number of its deputies shall not exceed 130; if the population of a township, a nationality township or a town is less
than two thousand, the total number of its deputies may be less than 40. 

The base number of deputies to a local people’s congress plus the number of deputies added according to the size of the local population
as stipulated in the preceding paragraph shall be the total number of deputies to the local people’s congress. 

The number of deputies to the people’s congresses of an autonomous region or a province where many minority nationalities live in
concentrated community may, upon decision of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress, be added by five percent.
The number of deputies to the people’s congress of a county, an autonomous county, a township or a nationality township where many
minority nationalities live in concentrated communities or people live in scattered groups may, upon decision of the standing committee
of the people’s congress of a province, an autonomous region, or a municipality directly under the Central Government, be added by
five percent of the total. 

Article 10  The specific number of deputies to the people’s congress of a province, an autonomous region, or a municipality
directly under the Central Government shall be determined by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress according to
this Law. The specific number of deputies to the people’s congress of a city divided into districts, an autonomous prefecture, or
a county shall be determined by the standing committee of the people’s congress of a province, an autonomous region, or a municipality
directly under the Central Government according to this Law and reported to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress
for the record. The specific number of deputies to the people’s congress at the township level shall be determined by the Standing
Committee of the people’s congress at the county level according to this Law and reported to the standing committee of the people’s
congress at the next higher level for the record. 

Article 11  Once the total number of deputies to a local people’s congress at any level is determined, it shall no longer be
changed. If the size of the population is changed considerably due to the change of the division in the administrative regions or
the construction of major projects or other reasons, the total number of deputies to the people’s congress at the corresponding level
shall be re-determined according to this Law. 

Article 12  The number of deputies to the people’s congresses of autonomous prefectures, counties and autonomous counties shall
be allocated by the standing committees of the people’s congresses at the corresponding levels, in accordance with the principle
that the number of people represented by each rural deputy is four times the number of people represented by each town deputy. Townships,
nationality townships, and towns with exceptionally small populations shall have at least one deputy in the people’s congresses of
their respective counties and autonomous counties. 

In the administrative areas of counties or autonomous counties which have towns with exceptionally large populations, or have enterprises
and institutions not under the leadership of the people’s governments at or below the county level whose workers and staff account
for a relatively large portion of the county’s total population, the ratio between the number of people represented by a rural deputy
and the number of people represented by a town deputy or a deputy of an enterprise or institution may, upon a decision made by the
standing committee of the people’s congress of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government,
be smaller than four to one, even to the extent of one to one. 

Article 13  In municipalities directly under the Central Government, cities and municipal districts, the number of people represented
by a rural deputy shall be greater than the number of people represented by an urban deputy. 

Article 14  The number of deputies to the people’s congresses of provinces or autonomous regions shall be allocated by the standing
committees of the people’s congresses at the corresponding levels, in accordance with the principle that the number of people represented
by each rural deputy is four times the number of people represented by each urban deputy. 

Chapter III 

Number of Deputies to the National People’s Congress 

Article 15  Deputies to the National People’s Congress shall be elected by the people’s congresses of the provinces, autonomous
regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government and by the People’s Liberation Army. 

The number of deputies to the National People’s Congress shall not exceed 3,000. The allocation of the number of deputies shall be
decided by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress in accordance with existing conditions. 

The number of deputies to the National People’s Congress to be elected by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Macao
Special Administrative Region and the methods for their elections shall be prescribed separately by the National People’s Congress. 

Article 16  The number of deputies to the National People’s Congress to be elected by the provinces, autonomous regions, and
municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be allocated by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress
in accordance with the principle that the number of people represented by each rural deputy is four times the number of people represented
by each urban deputy. 

    Article 17  The number of deputies to the National People’s Congress to be elected by minority nationalities shall
be allocated by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress, in the light of the population and distribution of each
minority nationality, to the people’s congresses of the various provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under
the Central Government, which shall elect them accordingly. Nationalities with exceptionally small populations shall each have at
least one deputy. 

Chapter IV 

Elections Among Minority Nationalities 

Article 18  In areas where minority nationalities live in concentrated communities, each minority nationality shall have its
deputy or deputies sit in the local people’s congress. 

Where the total population of a minority nationality in such an area exceeds 30 percent of the total local population, the number
of people represented by each deputy of that minority nationality shall be equal to the number of people represented by each of the
other deputies to the local people’s congress. 

Where the total population of a minority nationality in such an area is less than 15 percent of the total local population, the number
of people represented by each deputy of that minority nationality may be appropriately smaller, but shall not be less than half the
number of people represented by each of the other deputies to the local people’s congress. In autonomous counties where the population
of the minority nationality practising regional autonomy is exceptionally small, the number of people represented by each deputy
of this minority nationality may, upon a decision made by the standing committee of the people’s congress of the province or autonomous
region, be less than half the number of people represented by each of the other deputies. Other nationalities with exceptionally
small populations living in concentrated communities shall each have at least one deputy. 

Where the total population of a minority nationality in such an area accounts for not less than 15 percent and not more than 30 percent
of the total local population, the number of people represented by each deputy of that minority nationality may be appropriately
smaller than the number of people represented by each of the other deputies to the local people’s congress, but the allocated number
of deputies to be elected by that  minority nationality shall not exceed 30 percent of the total number of deputies. 

Article 19  In autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures and autonomous counties, and in townships, nationality townships,
and towns where a certain minority nationality lives in a concentrated community, the provisions of Article 18 of this Law shall
be applicable to the election to the local people’s congresses of deputies of other minority nationalities and the Han nationality
also living in concentrated communities in such areas. 

Article 20  With respect to minority nationalities living in scattered groups, the number of people represented by each of their
deputies to the local people’s congresses may be less than the number of people represented by each of the other deputies to such
congresses. 

In autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures and autonomous counties, and in townships, nationality townships, and towns where a
certain minority nationality lives in a concentrated community, the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall be applicable to
the election to the local people’s congresses of deputies of other minority nationalities and the Han nationality living in scattered
groups in such areas. 

Article 21  In cities not divided into districts, municipal districts, counties, townships, nationality townships, and towns
where various minority nationalities live in concentrated communities, the minority nationality electorates may vote separately or
jointly in the election of deputies to the local people’s congress, depending on the relations between the nationalities, and their
residential situation in such areas. 

In autonomous counties and in townships, nationality townships, and towns where a certain minority nationality lives in a concentrated
community, the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall be applicable to the election to the respective people’s congresses of
deputies of other minority nationalities and the Han nationality living in such areas.  

Article 22  The electoral documents, roll of voters, voter registration cards, list of candidates for deputies, deputies’ election
certificates and election committee seals made or published by autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures and autonomous counties
shall be in the written languages of the nationalities commonly used in the locality. 

Article 23  Other matters concerning elections among minority nationalities shall be handled with reference to the provisions
of the relevant articles of this Law. 

Chapter V 

Zoning of Electoral Districts 

Article 24  The number of deputies to the people’s congresses in cities not divided into districts, municipal districts, counties,
autonomous counties, townships, nationality townships, and towns shall be allocated to the electoral districts, and elections shall
be held in the electoral districts. The zoning of electoral districts may be decided according to the voters’ residence or on the
basis of production units, institutions and work units. 

The zoning of electoral districts shall be decided on the basis of one to three deputies to be elected from each electoral district. 

Article 25  The number of people represented by each deputy from an urban electoral district shall be generally the same. The
number of people represented by each deputy from a rural electoral district shall be generally the same. 

     

Chapter VI 

Registration of Voters 

Article 26  The registration of voters shall be conducted on the basis of electoral districts, and the voters’ qualifications
confirmed through registration shall have long-term validity. Prior to each election, voters who have reached the age of 18 since
the last registration of voters or who have had their political rights restored after a period of deprivation of political rights
has expired, shall be registered. Voters who have moved out of the electoral districts where they originally registered shall be
included in the roll of voters in the electoral districts to which they have newly moved; those who are deceased or have been deprived
of political rights according to law shall be removed from the roll. 

Citizens who suffer from mental illness and are incapable of exercising their electoral rights shall, upon determination by the election
committee, not be included in the roll of voters. 

Article 27  The roll of voters shall be made public 20 days prior to the date of election. and voter registration cards shall
be issued.  Where voters take part in elections and cast their votes on the strength of their voter registration cards, they
shall be issued voter registration cards. 

Article 28  Anyone who has an objection to the roll of voters may appeal to the election committee. The election committee shall
make a decision on the appeal within three days. If the appellant is not satisfied with the decision, he may bring a suit in the
people’s court at least five days prior to the date of election, and the people’s court shall make a judgment before the date of
election. The judgment of the people’s court shall be final. 

Chapter VII 

Nomination of Candidates for Deputies 

Article 29  Candidates for deputies to the national and local people’s congresses shall be nominated on the basis of electoral
districts or electoral units. 

Political parties and people’s organizations may either jointly or separately recommend candidates for deputies. A joint group of
at least ten voters or deputies may also recommend candidates. Those who submit recommendations shall inform the election committee
or the presidium of the congress of their candidates’ backgrounds. 

Article 30  The number of candidates for deputies to the national and local people’s congresses shall be greater than the number
of deputies to be elected. 

The number of candidates for deputies to be directly elected by the voters shall be from one third to 100 percent greater than the
number of deputies to be elected; the number of candidates for deputies to be elected by various local people’s congresses to the
people’s congresses at the next higher level shall be 20 to 50 percent greater than the number of deputies to be elected. 

Article 31  Candidates for deputies to the people’s congresses to be directly elected by the voters shall be nominated by the
voters in the various electoral districts and by the various political parties and people’s organizations. The election committee
shall, 15 days prior to the date of election, collect and publish the list of nominees and submit it to voter groups in the respective
electoral districts for discussion and consultation to determine the list of full candidates. If the number of nominated candidates
exceeds the maximum percentage for competitive election as specified in Article 30, the election committee shall submit the list
of candidates to voter groups for discussion and consultation, and the list of full candidates shall be determined according to the
opinions of the majority of voters; if a relative consensus cannot be reached on full candidates for deputies, a preliminary election
shall be conducted and the list of full candidates shall be determined by the order of the number of  

votes that the nominees have obtained in the preliminary election. The list of full candidates shall be made public five days prior
to the date of election. 

When a local people’s congress at or above the county level is to elect deputies to a people’s congress at the next higher level,
the time for nominating and deliberating candidates for such deputies shall not be less than two days. The presidium of the people’s
congress at the said level shall print and distribute the list of the candidates nominated according to law to all the deputies for
deliberation and discussion. If the number of the nominees conforms to the proportion for competitive election as provided in Article
30 of this Law, balloting competitive election shall be held directly. If the number of the nominees exceeds the maximum proportion
for competitive election as provided by Article 30 of this Law, preliminary election shall be held. By the order of the number of
votes that the nominees have obtained in the preliminary election, a formal list of candidates shall be determined in agreement with
the specific proportion for competitive election as it contained in the measures of election  

adopted by the people’s congress at that level in accordance with this Law, and then balloting shall be held.  

Article 32  When a local people’s congress at or above the county level is to elect deputies to the people’s congress at the
next higher level, the nominees for deputies shall not be limited to the current deputies to the lower people’s congress. 

Article 33  The election committee or the presidium of the people’s congress shall brief voters or deputies on the candidates
for deputies. Political parties, people’s organizations, voters and deputies that have nominated candidates for deputies may brief
voters on those candidates at group meetings of voters or deputies. The election committee may arrange for the candidates to meet
with voters and to answer their questions. However, such briefings must stop on the day of election. 

Chapter VIII 

Election Procedure 

Article 34  Where voters directly elect deputies to a people’s congress, they shall, as prescribed by the election committee,
be issued ballots on the strength of their identification cards or voter registration cards. In each electoral district, polling
stations shall be set up, mobile polling boxes provided or election meetings held for the election. Balloting shall be presided over
by the election committee. 

Article 35  Where a local people’s congress at or above the county level is to elect deputies to the people’s congress at the
next higher level, the election shall be presided over by the presidium of the lower people’s congress. 

Article 36  The election of deputies to the national and local people’s congresses shall be by secret ballot. 

If a voter is illiterate or handicapped and is therefore unable to write his ballot, he may entrust another person to write it for
him. 

Article 37  A voter may vote for or against a candidate for deputy and may vote instead for any other voter or abstain.  

Article 38  A voter who is absent from his electoral district during the time of an election may, with the approval of the election
committee and by written authorization, entrust another voter with a proxy vote. A voter shall not stand proxy for more than three
persons. 

Article 39  When balloting has been concluded, scrutineers and vote-counters elected by the voters or deputies, and members
of the election committee or members of the presidium of the people’s congress shall check the number of people who voted against
the number of votes cast and make a record of it; the record shall be signed by the scrutineers. 

Article 40  An election shall be null and void if the number of votes cast is greater than the number of people who voted, and
it shall be valid if the number of votes cast is less than the number of people who voted. 

A ballot shall be null and void if more candidates are voted for than the number of deputies to be elected, and it shall be valid
if fewer candidates are voted for than the number of deputies to be elected. 

Article 41  In a direct election of deputies to the people’s congresses, the election shall be valid, if more than half of all
the voters in an electoral district cast their votes. Candidates for deputies shall be elected only if they have obtained more than
half of the votes cast by the voters that take part in the election. 

When a local people’s congress at or above the county level is to elect deputies to a people’s congress at the next higher level,
candidates for deputies shall be elected only if they have obtained more than half of the votes of all the deputies. 

Where the number of candidates who have obtained more than half of the votes exceeds the number of deputies to be elected, the ones
who have obtained more votes shall be elected. Where the number of votes for some candidates is tied, making it impossible to determine
the ones to be elected, another balloting shall be conducted for these candidates to resolve the tie, and the ones who have obtained
more votes shall be elected. 

If the number of elected deputies who have obtained more than half of the votes is less than the number of deputies to be elected,
another election shall be held to make up the difference. When another election is held, the name list of candidates shall, by order
of the number of votes they have obtained in the first balloting, be determined in accordance with the proportion for competitive
election as provided in Article 30 of this Law. If only one deputy is to be elected, the number of candidates shall be two. 

When another election is held to elect deputies to the people’s congress at the county or township level in accordance with the provisions
in the preceding paragraph, the candidates who have obtained more votes than the others shall be elected; however, the number of
the votes they have obtained shall not be less than one-third of the votes cast. When another election is held by the local people’s
congress at or above the county level to elect deputies to the people’s congress at the next higher level, the candidates shall be
elected only when they have obtained a majority vote of all the deputies. 

Article 42  The election committee or the presidium of the people’s congress shall determine, in accordance with this Law, whether
or not the result of an election is valid and shall announce it accordingly. 

Chapter IX 

Supervision, Recall and By-Elections Held to Fill Vacancies 

   

Article 43  All deputies to the national and local people’s congresses shall be subject to the supervision of the voters and
the electoral units which elect them. Both the voters and electoral units shall have the right to recall the deputies they e

REPLY OF THE STATE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ADMINISTRATION ON THE RELATED ISSUES CONCERNING IMPOSING EFFLUENT FEES OF WASTEWATER

Reply of the State Environmental Protection Administration on the Related Issues concerning Imposing Effluent Fees of WasteWater

Huan Han [2006] No.256

The Environmental Protection Bureau of Hubei Province:

Your Request for Instructions on the Relevant Issues concerning Imposing Effluent Fees of Wastewater (E Huan Bao Wen [2006] No.69)
has been received. Upon study, it is replied as follows:

Paragraph 3 of Article 19 of the Law concerning the Prevention and Treatment of Water Pollution prescribes that: “Facilities for
centralized treatment of urban waste water shall, in accordance with the provisions of the State, provide paid services of wastewater
treatment to the pollutant-discharging entities and impose the fees for wastewater treatment to ensure the normal operation of the
aforesaid facilities.”

The Circular of the former State Development Planning Commission, the Ministry of Construction and the State Environmental Protection
Administration on Printing and Distributing the Opinions concerning Propelling the Industrialization Development of Urban Wastewater
and Garbage Treatment (Ji Tou Zi [2002] No.1591) clearly prescribes that: “The fees imposed for the treatment of urban wastewater
and garbage shall be specially used for the operation, maintenance and project construction of the facilities for the centralized
treatment of urban wastewater and garbage. The fees for treatment of urban wastewater and garbage imposed by a city that has not
set up the facilities for centralized treatment of urban wastewater and garbage yet can be used for the investment in the initial
work of the project for treatment of urban wastewater and garbage and the relevant supporting projects, however, the facilities for
the centralized treatment of urban wastewater and garbage shall be set up within three years and be placed in operation.”

Article 2 of the Regulation on the Administration of Collection and Use of Effluent Fees (Order No.369 of the State Council) provides
that: “The units and individual industrial and commercial households directly discharging pollutants to the environment shall pay
effluent fees in accordance with the present Regulation”. The Reply of on the Request for Instructions about the Relevant Issues
concerning Imposing Fees for Excessive Discharge of Pollutants (No.141[2005] of the Legal Affairs Office of the State Council) clearly
prescribes that: “If a pollutant-discharging entity discharges wastewater to the urban drainpipe network and if the wastewater enters
into the urban wastewater treatment plant, it shall pay fees for wastewater treatment; if the wastewater does not enter into the
urban wastewater treatment plant, it shall pay fees for discharge of pollutant or excessive discharge of pollutant.”

In accordance with the aforesaid provisions, if a city that has started imposing effluent fees fails to build up a wastewater treatment
plant within 3 years and does not provide paid any services of wastewater treatment for the pollutant-discharging entities that have
paid effluent fees for wastewater treatment, the local environmental protection department shall impose effluent fees for discharge
of wastewater or for excessive discharge of wastewater fee in accordance with the standards prescribed by the State from the entities
that directly discharge wastewater to the environment.

State Environmental Protection Administration

June 27, 2006

 
State Environmental Protection Administration
2006-06-27

 




CIRCULAR OF THE GENERAL ADMINISTRATION OF QUALITY SUPERVISION, INSPECTION AND QUARANTINE OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, ON PRINTING AND ISSUING THE WORKING CRITERIONS FOR ADMINISTRATION OF ASCENT INVESTIGATION ON RETURNED COMMODITIES OF EXPORTED INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS

Circular of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China, on Printing
and Issuing the Working Criterions for Administration of Ascent Investigation on Returned Commodities of Exported Industrial Products

Guo Zhi Jian Jian Han [2006] No. 603

All bureaus of quality supervision, inspection and quarantine directly under administration of General Administration of Quality Supervision,
Inspection and Quarantine:

With the rapid development of foreign trade, the international community pays more attention to quality of Chinese exported commodities.
Return of exported commodities because of all kind of causes occurs occasionally, which causes bad effects on reputation of Chinese
exported commodity and immense economic loses to enterprises.

For purposes of strengthening administration of ascent investigation on returned commodities of exported industrial products, promoting
quality of commodities of exported industrial products, and safeguarding international reputation of Chinese commodity, General Administration
of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine formulated Working Criterions for Administration of Ascent Investigation on Returned
Commodities of Exported Industrial Products (referred to as “Working Criterions of Returned Commodities Investigation”), which is
now printed and issued to you all.

1.

All bureaus shall enhance leadership, formulate specific operating procedures in accordance with Working Criterions of Returned Commodities
Investigation, and report status of implementation to General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine.

2.

All bureaus shall enhance communication during the returned commodities investigation, the port bureaus shall particularly inform
bureau of origin of information of returned exported commodities in time. With receipt of information from port bureau, bureau of
origin shall carry out investigation in time and keep in touch with port bureaus to provide necessary assistance.

3.

All bureaus shall summarize and analyze the investigation of returned exported commodities every quarter and report investigation
result and measures to General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine in 10 days. Great event of return
shall be reported immediately.

4.

If encounter any problem or have any suggestion in implementation of Working Criterions of Returned Commodities Investigation, please
report to General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine in time.

Appendix: Working Criterions for Administration of Ascent Investigation on Returned Commodities of Exported Industrial Products

General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine

August 2, 2006

 
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine
2006-08-02

 




CIRCULAR OF THE STATE ADMINISTRATION OF TAXATION CONCERNING PRINTING AND DISTRIBUTING THE MEASURES FOR THE SELF-DECLARATION OF INDIVIDUAL INCOME TAX (FOR TRIAL IMPLEMENTATION)




Circular of the State Administration of Taxation concerning Printing and Distributing the Measures for the Self-declaration of Individual
Income Tax (for Trial Implementation)

Guo Shui Fa [2006] No.162

The state taxation bureaus and local taxation bureaus of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central
Government and cities specifically designated in the state plan:

For the purpose of reinforcing the administration of individual income tax collection, improving the system of self-declaration of
individual income tax, and maintaining the lawful rights and interests of taxpayers, the State Administration of Taxation formulated
the Measures for the Self-declaration of Individual Income Tax (for Trial Implementation) in accordance with the Individual Income
Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China and the detailed rules for implementation thereof, the Law of the People’s Republic of
China Concerning the Administration of Tax Collection and the detailed rules for implementation thereof, as well as other related
tax provisions, . The Measures are hereby printed and distributed to you. Please abide hereby earnestly.

Appendix: Specimen of Individual Income Tax Return

The State Administration of Taxation

November 6, 2006
Appendix:
Measures for the Self-declaration of Individual Income Tax (for Trial Implementation)
Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1

For the purpose of further reinforcing the collection administration of individual income tax, safeguarding tax revenues of the State,
maintaining the legitimate rights and interests of taxpayers, facilitating and regulating the self-declaration of taxpayers, the
present Measures are formulated in accordance with the Individual Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred
to as the Individual Income Tax Law) and the detailed rules for implementation thereof, Law of the People’s Republic of China Concerning
the Administration of Tax Collection (hereinafter referred to as the Law Concerning the Administration of Tax Collection) and the
detailed rules for implementation thereof, as well as other related laws and regulations..

Article 2

Where a taxpayer obligatory to pay tax under the Individual Income Tax Law and is under any of the following circumstances, he/she
shall make his/her tax declaration in accordance with the present Measures:

(1)

Acquiring an annual income of 120,000 Yuan or more;

(2)

Acquiring wages and salaries from two or more sources within the territory of China;

(3)

Acquiring incomes from abroad;

(4)

Acquiring taxable incomes for which there is no corresponding withholding agent;

(5)

Any other circumstance as stipulated by the State Council.

Article 3

Any taxpayer who acquires an annual income of 120,000 Yuan or more as prescribed in Item (1) of Article 2 of the present Measures
shall, whether the individual income tax has been paid in full amount for all items of his income, make tax declaration to the taxation
authorities in accordance with the present Measures after a tax year ends.

Any taxpayer who is under any of the circumstances as prescribed in Items (2) to (4) of Article 2 of the present Measures shall,
in accordance with the present Measures, make tax declaration to the taxation authorities after receiving the income.

The measures for those taxpayers who are under the circumstances as prescribed in Item (5) of Article 2 of the present Measures to
make tax declarations shall be separately stipulated in accordance with specific circumstances.

Article 4

The ” taxpayer who acquires an annual income of 120,000 Yuan or more” as stipulated in Item (1) of Article 2 of the present Measures
may not involve those individuals who have no residence within the territory of China and have resided within the territory of China
for less than one year in a tax year.

The “taxpayer who obtains incomes from abroad” as stipulated in Subparagraph (3) of Article 2 of the present Measures means those
individuals who have residence within the territory of China or have resided within the territory of China for one full year in a
tax year.

Chapter II Contents for Declaration

Article 5

After a tax year ends, a taxpayer who obtains an annual income of 120,000 Yuan or more shall fill in an Individual Income Tax Return
(For the taxpayer who obtains an annual income of 120,000 Yuan or more) (see the attached Form 1), and submit it to the taxation
authorities when making tax declaration, and submit the photocopy of his/her effective identification certificate as well as other
related materials required to be submitted by the taxation authorities at the same time .

The “effective identification certificate” includes the taxpayer’s identification card, passport, home visit permit, military staff
certificate and so on .

Article 6

The “annual income of 120,000 Yuan or more” as stipulated in the present Measures means the total amount of the following items of
income obtained by a taxpayer in a tax year reaching 120,000 Yuan:

(1)

Wages and salaries;

(2)

Income of production or business operation obtained by self-employed industrial and commercial households ;

(3)

Income from contractual or leased operation of enterprises and institutions;

(4)

Remunerations for providing services;

(5)

Author’s remunerations;

(6)

Franchise royalties ;

(7)

Interests, dividends and capital bonuses;

(8)

Income from leasing property;

(9)

Income from transferring property;

(10)

Contingent income; and

(11)

Other taxable income determined by the public finance department of the State Council.

Article 7

The “income” as stipulated in Article 6 of the present Measures does not include the following kinds of income:

(1)

Tax-exempt income mentioned in Subparagraphs (1) to (9) of Article 4 of the Individual Income Tax Law, namely,

(a)

awards for￿￿achievements￿￿in￿￿science, education,￿￿technology, culture, public health, physical￿￿culture￿￿and￿￿environmental￿￿protection
granted by provincial people’s governments, ministries and commissions under the State Council , the People’s Liberation Army units
at army level and above and by foreign or international organizations;

(b)

interests accruing from national bonds and other financial debentures issued by the state;

(c)

subsidies and allowances received￿￿under￿￿the￿￿state￿￿uniform provisions namely, special government allowances, allowances for academicians,
allowances for senior academicians that are granted in accordance with the provisions stipulated by the State Council as stipulated
in Article 13 of the Regulation concerning the Implementation of the Individual Income Tax Law, and other kinds of subsidies and
allowances that are exempt from individual income tax as stipulated by the State Council;

(d)

welfare benefits, pensions for the disabled or for the family of the deceased and relief funds ;

(e)

insurance compensation;

(f)

military severance pay and demobilization pay;

(g)

settling-in allowances, severance pay, retirement wages, retirement wages for veteran cadres, and living subsistence allowances for
retired veteran cadres distributed to cadres and employees under￿￿the￿￿state￿￿uniform provisions;

(h)

incomes of diplomatic representatives, consular staff and other personnel of foreign embassies and consulates in China, which shall
be exempt from tax in accordance with the provisions of related laws of China; and

(i)

incomes which shall be exempt from tax under the international conventions in which the Chinese Government joins or agreements which
the Chinese Government has signed.

(2)

Incomes obtained from abroad which can be exempt from tax as stipulated in Article 6 of the Regulation concerning the Implementation
of the Individual Income Tax Law; and

(3)

Basic endowment insurance premiums, basic medical insurance premiums, unemployment insurance premiums and public accumulation fund
for housing construction paid by entities for their staff and individuals in accordance with the provisions of the State as stipulated
in Article 25 of the Regulation concerning the Implementation of the Individual Income Tax Law.

Article 8

The annual amount of all items of income as stipulated in Article 6 of the present Measures shall be calculated in accordance with
the following methods:

(1)

The incomes obtained from wages and salaries shall be calculated in light of the income prior to the expenses deduction (1,600 Yuan
per month) and additional expenses deduction (3,200 Yuan per month);

(2)

The incomes from production and business operations obtained by self-employed industrial and commercial households shall be calculated
in light of the taxable incomes. If the tax is collected by checking accounts, the corresponding incomes shall be calculated in light
of the total amount of incomes with the cost, expenses and losses deducted for each tax year; and if the tax is collected at a fixed
time and at a fixed amount, the corresponding incomes shall be calculated in light of the annual taxable incomes declared by the
taxpayer himself/herself or the annual taxable business amount declared by the taxpayer himself/herself multiplied by the rate of
taxable incomes;

(3)

The income from contractual or leased operation of enterprises and institutions shall be calculated in light of the total amount of
income for each tax year, namely, the operation profits actually obtained by the contractor or lessee plus his/her income with the
nature of wage and salary obtained from the enterprises and institutions he/she contracted or leased;

(4)

The remunerations for providing services or author’s remunerations or franchise royalties shall be calculated in light of the income
prior to the expenses deduction(800 Yuan or 20% of incomes each time);

(5)

The income obtained from leasing property shall be calculated in light of the amount of income prior to the expenses deduction (800
Yuan or 20% of incomes each time) and repairing charges;

(6)

The incomes obtained from transferring property shall be calculated in light of the amount of taxable incomes, namely, the balance
of the amount of income from transferring property deducting the original value of property and tax and related reasonable expenses
paid in the course of transferring property; and

(7)

The income obtained from interests, dividends and capital bonuses, contingent income or other incomes shall be calculated in light
of the total amount of income.

Article 9

A taxpayer who obtains incomes under any of the circumstances as stipulated in Subparagraph￿￿2￿￿to￿￿4￿￿ of Article 2 of the present
Measures shall fill in and submit the corresponding tax return (see Appendixes 2 ￿C 9) to the taxation authorities , and submit other
related materials required to be submitted by the taxation authorities at the same time.

Chapter III Place for Declaration

Article 10

The places for a taxpayer who obtains an annual income of 120,000 Yuan or more to make tax declaration shall be at follows respectively:

(1)

Where the taxpayer work for an employer within the territory of China, he/she shall make tax declaration to the taxation authorities
at the locality of his/her employer;

(2)

Where the taxpayer work for two or more employers within the territory of China, he/she shall select and fix the taxation authorities
at the locality of one employer to make tax declaration;

(3)

Where the taxpayer is not employed for any employer within the territory of China but there is income of production or business operations
obtained by self-employed industrial and commercial households or income from contractual or leased operation of enterprises and
institutions (hereinafter referred to uniformly as income from production or business operations) in the items of annual incomes,
the taxpayer shall make tax declaration to the taxation authorities at the locality of the actual business place of one source; and

(4)

Where the taxpayer is not employed for any employer within the territory of China and there is no income from production or business
operations in the items of his/her annual income, the taxpayer shall make tax declaration to the taxation authorities at the locality
of his/her registered permanent residence. Where the taxpayer’s registered permanent residence is within the territory of China but
different from his/her habitual residence within the territory of China, the taxpayer shall select and fix the taxation authorities
at the locality of either to make tax declaration. Where the taxpayer has no registered permanent residence within the territory
of China, tax declaration shall be made to the taxation authorities at the locality of habitual residence within the territory of
China.

Article 11

A taxpayer who obtains incomes under the circumstances as stipulated in Subparagraphs (2) through (4) of Article 2 of the present
Measures shall make tax declaration respectively at the following places:

(1)

Where the taxpayer obtains wages and salaries from two or more sources, he/she shall select and fix the taxation authorities at the
locality of one employer to make tax declaration;

(2)

Where the taxpayer obtains income from abroad, he/she shall make tax declaration to the taxation authorities at the locality of his/her
registered permanent residence within the territory of China. Where the taxpayer’s registered permanent residence is within the territory
of China but different from his/her habitual residence within the territory of China, the taxpayer shall select and fix the taxation
authorities at the locality of either to make tax declaration. Where the taxpayer has no registered permanent residence within the
territory of China, tax declaration shall be made to the taxation authorities at the locality of his/her habitual residence within
the territory of China;

(3)

A self-employed industrial and commercial household shall make tax declaration to the taxation authorities at the locality of the
actual business place;

(4)

Where an investor of sole proprietorship enterprises or enterprises in partnerships has established two or more enterprises, the places
for tax declaration shall be determined on the basis of the following different circumstances:

(a)

Where all the enterprises are sole proprietorship enterprises, tax declaration shall be made respectively to the taxation authorities
at the locality of actual business place of each enterprise;

(b)

Where any established enterprise belongs to partnerships, tax declaration shall be made to the taxation authorities at the locality
of /her habitual residence; and

(c)

Where any established enterprise belongs to partnerships and the place of habitual residence of the individual investor is different
from the business management place of the established enterprises, the investor shall select and fix the taxation authorities of
the business management place of any partnership he/she has participated in the establishment thereof to make tax declarations.

(5)

Except for the above circumstances, tax declaration shall be made to the taxation authorities at the place where the taxpayer obtains
income.

Article 12

A taxpayer may not change the place for tax declaration at his/her own choice, and if the place for tax declaration needs to be changed
by virtue of any special reason, he/she shall report it to the former taxation authorities for archival filing.

Article 13

The place for tax declaration as stipulated in Item (c) of Subparagraph (4) of Article 11 of the present Measures may not be changed
within five years, unless by virtue of any special reason.

Article 14

The term “place of habitual residence ” of the present Measures means such an ultimate place where a taxpayer successively resides
for one year or more after leaving his/her place of registered permanent residence.

Chapter IV Time Limit for Declaration

Article 15

A taxpayer who obtains an annual income of 120,000 Yuan or more shall make tax declaration to the taxation authorities within three
months after a tax year ends, .

Article 16

If the taxable income obtained from production and business operations by self-employed industrial and commercial households, investors
of sole proprietorship enterprise or enterprises in partnerships which should be prepaid in monthly installments, the taxpayer shall
make tax declaration within seven days after each month ends; and if such taxable income should be prepaid in quarterly installments,
the taxpayer shall make tax declaration within seven days after each quarter ends. The taxpayer shall make clearing-up settlement
of payments within three months after a tax year ends.

Article 17

Where the taxable income obtained from contractual or leased operation of enterprises and institutions once at the end of a year,
the taxpayer shall make tax declaration within 30 days after the incomes are obtained; and where such incomes are obtained by several
times within a tax year, the taxpayer shall make tax declaration of advanced payments within seven days of the month following the
date in which the income was obtained each time; and make clearing-up settlement of the payments within three months after a tax
year ends.

Article 18

A taxpayer who obtains incomes from abroad shall make tax declaration to the taxation authorities within the territory of China within
30 days after a tax year ends.

Article 19

Except for the circumstances stipulated in Articles 15 to 18 of the present Measures, a taxpayer who should make tax declaration
for obtaining other kinds of income shall make tax declaration to the taxation authorities within seven days of the month following
the date in which the income was obtained.

Article 20

If a taxpayer can not make tax declaration within the stipulated time limit and requires to make the postponement, he/she shall be
handled in accordance with Article 27 of the Law concerning the Administration of Tax Collection and Article 37 of the Detailed
Rules for the Implementation of the Law concerning the Administration of Tax Collection.

Chapter V Methods for Declaration

Article 21

Tax declaration can be made by means of data messages or posts, or directly to the taxation authorities, or by other means consistent
with the provisions as stipulated by the taxation authorities.

Article 22

Where the tax declaration is made by means of data messages, the taxpayer shall keep related paper materials within the time limit
and in accordance with the requirements as stipulated by the taxation authorities .

Article 23

Where the tax declaration is made by means of post mail , the receipts of registered letters issued by the post office shall be the
proof of declaration, and the postmark date shall be taken as the actual date of declaration.

Article 24

A taxpayer may authorize an intermediary institution which is qualified to be the tax agency or someone else to make tax declaration.

Chapter VI Tax Declaration Administration

Article 25

The taxation authority shall publish all sorts of specimens of tax return on its website or place them at its tax service hall for
taking cognizance of tax declarations so as to be freely downloaded or used by taxpayers at any time.

Article 26

The taxation authorities shall remind those taxpayers who obtain an annual income of 120,000 Yuan or more to make self-declaration
by appropriate means within the legal time limit for tax declaration every year.

Article 27

The taxation authority that takes cognizance of tax declarations shall, according to the taxpayers’ declarations, handle the procedures
for collecting, surcharging, refunding and deducting taxes in accordance with the provisions.

Article 28

The taxation authorities shall draw tax paid certificates in accordance with the corresponding provisions for those taxpayers who
have made tax declaration and paid taxes.

Article 29

The taxation authorities shall keep the tax declaration information secret for the taxpayers in accordance with the law.

Article 30

Where a taxpayer changes the place for tax declaration, he shall report it to the former taxation authorities for archival filing,
and the former taxation authorities shall timely send the information about the taxpayer’s changing of the place for tax declaration
to the new taxation authorities.

Article 31

The taxation authorities shall set up tax payment archives for the taxpayers who have made tax declaration, and shall implement dynamic
administration.

Chapter VII Legal Liabilities

Article 32

Where a taxpayer fails to make tax declaration or submit tax payment materials within the stipulated time limit, it shall be handled
in accordance with Article 62 of the Law concerning the Administration of Tax Collection.

Article 33

Where a taxpayer forges, alters, conceals or illegally destroys accounting books or bookkeeping documentations, or overstates expenses
or does not state or understates revenues in the accounting books, or refuses to make tax declaration after having been informed
by the taxation authority to do so or makes spurious tax declaration, refuses to pay or underpays the taxes payable, it shall be
handled in accordance with Article 63 of the Law concerning the Administration of Tax Collection.

Article 34

Where a taxpayer fabricates any spurious tax calculation basis, it shall be handled in accordance with Paragraph 1 of Article 64
of the Law concerning the Administration of Tax Collection.

Article 35

Where a taxpayer obtains taxable income that should be withheld by a withholding agent, but the withholding agent fails to withhold
or collect the taxes which should have been withheld or collected, it shall be handled in accordance with Article 69 of the Law
concerning the Administration of Tax Collection.

Article 36

Where a tax official has any self-seeking misconduct or duty negligence, and fails to collect or under-collect the taxes payable,
he/she shall be handled in accordance with Paragraph 1 of Article 82 of the Law concerning the Administration of Tax Collection.

Article 37

Where a tax official abuses his/her official capacity and raises difficulties for taxpayers on purpose, he/she shall be handled in
accordance with Paragraph 2 of Article 82 of the Law concerning the Administration of Tax Collection.

Article 38

Where a taxation authority or tax official fails to keep secrets for taxpayers, it shall be handled in accordance with Article 87
of the Law concerning the Administration of Tax Collection.

Article 39

Where a tax agent violates the tax laws or administrative regulations, causing taxpayers fail to pay or underpay taxes, he/she shall
be handled in accordance with Article 98 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Law concerning the Administration of
Tax Collection.

Article 40

Any other tax-related violation shall be handled in accordance with the related tax laws and regulations.

Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions

Article 41

The tax declaration returns shall be uniformly printed by the local taxation bureau of each province, autonomous region, municipality
directly under the Central Government or city specifically designated in the state plan in accordance with the specimens as stipulated
by the State Administration of Taxation.

Article 42

Other matters concerning tax declaration shall be governed by the Law in respect of the Administration of Tax Collection, the Individual
Income Tax Law and other related laws and regulations.

Article 43

The tax declaration of an annual income of 120,000 Yuan or more as stipulated in Subparagraph 1 of Article 2 of the present Measures
shall come into force as of January 1, 2006 in accordance with the time for implementation as stipulated in the Decision concerning
Revising the Individual Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China which is adopted at the 18th meeting of the Standing Committee
of the 10th National People’s Congress.

Article 44

The provisions in respect of tax declaration under the circumstances as stipulated in Subparagraphs (2) to (4) of Article 2 of the
present Measures shall come into force as of January 1, 2007, and the Circular of the State Administration of Taxation concerning
Printing and Distributing the Provisional Measures for the Self-declaration of Individual Income Tax (Guo Shui Fa [1995] No. 077)
shall be concurrently abolished.




Form 1 Individual Income Tax Return

￿￿


Form 1


Individual Income Tax Return

￿￿For
individuals having an annual income of over 120,000 RMB Yuan
￿￿

￿￿

￿￿￿￿Taxpayer’s ID￿￿number:            

￿￿￿￿Taxpayer’s name ￿￿signature/stamp￿￿:            

￿￿￿￿Income year:               

￿￿￿￿Date of filing:          

onetary unit: RMB Yuan

Taxpayer’s name

￿￿

Nationality

￿￿

ID number

￿￿

ID Type

￿￿

Date
of arrival in China

￿￿

Profession

￿￿

Employer

￿￿

Habitual residence

￿￿

Address
in China

￿￿

￿￿

￿￿

P.C.

￿￿

Tel.

￿￿






Items
of income

Annual Income

Tax payable

INTERIM MEASURES ON THE ADMINISTRATION OF DOMESTIC SECURITIES INVESTMENT BY QUALIFIED FOREIGN INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS

e027732002110520021201The China Securities Regulatory Commission, the People’s Bank of ChinaDecree of the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) and the People’s Bank of China (PBC)No.12The Interim Measures on the Administration of Domestic Securities Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors is hereby
promulgated and will enter into force as of December 1, 2002.
CSRC Chairman Zhou XiaochuanPBC Governor Dai XianglongNovember 5, 2002epdf/e02916.pdfI, Hforeign institution, investor, securities investment, qualification, custody, registration, clearance, settlement, capital, funde02916Interim Measures on the Administration of Domestic Securities Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional InvestorsChapter I General ProvisionsArticle 1 Pursuant to relevant laws and administrative regulations, the Measures is enacted in order to regulate the investment activities of
qualified foreign institutional investors in the securities market within the PRC customs territory, and to promote the development
of China’s securities market.
Article 2 Qualified foreign institutional investors (hereinafter referred to as QFIIs) stated in the Measures refer to fund management institutions,
insurance companies, securities companies and other assets management institutions outside the PRC customs territory which meet the
qualifications stipulated in the Measures, and have been approved by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (hereinafter referred
to as the CSRC) to invest in China’s securities market and granted investment quotas by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange
(hereinafter referred to as the SAFE).
Article 3 QFIIs shall mandate domestic commercial banks as custodians to manage assets, and shall entrust domestic securities companies to handle
securities trading activities within the PRC customs territory.
Article 4 QFIIs shall comply with laws, regulations and other relevant rules of the PRC.Article 5 The CSRC and the SAFE shall, in accordance with laws, supervise and govern the securities investment activities by the QFIIs within
the PRC customs territory.
Chapter II Qualifications and Approval ProceduresArticle 6 In order to qualify as a QFII, an applicant shall meet the following requirements:1.The applicant is financially stable and of good credit, meet the asset size and other requirements set by the CSRC; and has a risk
control index that complies with the law of, and the requirements of the securities regulatory institutions in the country or region
of its domicile;
2.Employees of the applicant shall meet relevant professional qualification requirements of the country or region of its domicile;3.The applicant has a solid corporate governance structure and well defined internal control system, conducts business in accordance
with relevant regulations, and has not been subject to any serious penalties by regulators in the country or region of its domicile
during the most recent three years;
4.The country/region where the applicant domiciles shall have a sound legal and regulatory system, and the securities regulator of such
country or region has signed a Memorandum of Cooperation and Understanding and maintains an effective co-operative relationship in
supervision with the CSRC; and
5.Any other requirements prescribed by the CSRC based on prudential regulatory principles.Article 7 The asset size requirements and other requirements in the preceding article are: Fund management institutions: minimum five years
experience in funds business and no less than US$10 billion assets under management in the most recent fiscal year; Insurance companies:
minimum 30 years experience in insurance business, no less than US$1 billion in paid-up capital, and no less than US$10 billion securities
assets under management in the most recent fiscal year; Securities companies: minimum 30 years experience in securities business,
no less than US$1 billion in paid-up capital, and no less than US$10 billion securities assets under management in the most recent
fiscal year; Commercial banks: ranking in the top 100 globally in terms of total assets, no less than US$10 billion securities assets
under management in the most recent fiscal year. The CSRC may adjust the aforementioned asset size and other requirements according
to the development of securities market.
Article 8 In order to apply for qualification as a QFII and for approval of investment quota, the applicant shall , through its custodian, submit
the following documents to the CSRC and the SAFE respectively:
1.A written application (including the applicant’s basic information, investment quota applied for and investment plan, etc.);2.Documents certifying compliance with the requirements prescribed in Article 6 of the Measures;3.A draft of custodianship agreement signed with the custodian;4.Audited financial statements for the most recent three years;5.A statement on the source of funds and a commitment letter of no repatriation of investment during the approval period;6.A letter of authorization from the applicant; and7.Other documents required by the CSRC and the SAFE. If the above documents are prepared in a foreign language, a Chinese translation
or a Chinese summary shall be attached.
Article 9 The CSRC shall decide whether to approve or not to approve the application within fifteen working days after receipt of the complete
set of application documents. A securities investment license shall be granted to the applicant that is approved; a written notification
shall be sent to the applicant that is not approved.
Article 10 Upon receipt of the securities investment license, the applicant shall apply through its custodian to the SAFE for the investment
quota. The SAFE shall decide whether to approve or not to approve the application within fifteen working days after receipt of the
complete set of application documents. If approved, the SAFE will send the applicant a written notice of the approved investment
quota and issue to the applicant a foreign exchange registration certificate; if not, the applicant will be sent a written notification.
The securities investment license shall automatically become invalid if the applicant fails to obtain the foreign exchange registration
certificate within one year after it has obtained the securities investment license.
Article 11 To encourage long- and medium-term investment, priority shall be given to China’s closed-end funds that meet the requirements set
forth in Article 6 of the Measures, or pension funds, insurance funds, and mutual funds that have solid track records of investment
in other markets.
Chapter III Custody, Registration and ClearanceArticle 12 A custodian shall meet the following requirements:1.Having a dedicated custody department;2.Having no less than RMB 8 billion in paid-up capital;3.Having sufficient professionals who are familiar with custodial business;4.Having facilities for safekeeping all fund assets;5.Having secure and efficient delivery and trading capabilities;6.Being qualified as a designated foreign exchange bank and for conducting RMB business;7.Having no record of severe violation of foreign exchange administrative rules in the most recent three years. Local branches of foreign-funded
commercial banks that have continuously operated for more than three years may apply for acting as a custodian, with its paid-in
capital calculated with reference to its offshore head office.
Article 13 Qualification as a custodian must be examined and approved by the CSRC, the People’s Bank of China (hereinafter referred to as the
PBC) and the SAFE.
Article 14 A domestic commercial bank shall submit the following documents to the CSRC, the PBC and the SAFE for custodian license approval:1.A letter of application;2.A copy of its financial business license;3.The management system for its custody business;4.Documents certifying that it has an efficient and high-speed information technology system; and5.Other documents required by the CSRC, the PBC and the SAFE. The CSRC, in consultation with the PBC and the SAFE, shall review the
application and decide whether to approve it or not.
Article 15 A custodian shall perform the following responsibilities:1.Safekeeping all assets entrusted by a QFII;2.Handling foreign exchange sale, purchase, receipt and payment, and Renminbi clearance business for the QFII;3.Monitoring the investment activities of the QFII, and reporting in time to the CSRC and the SAFE in case its investment instructions
are found to have violated laws or regulations;
4.Reporting to the SAFE the QFII’s inward/outward remittance of investment principal or proceeds and foreign exchange sale and purchase
within two working days after the remittance is made;
5.Reporting to the CSRC and the SAFE on the receipt and payment to and from the QFII’s special Renminbi account within five working
days following the end of each month;
6.Preparing an annual financial report on the domestic securities investment of the QFII for the previous year and submitting the same
to the CSRC and the SAFE within three months following the end of each fiscal year;
7.Preserving materials related to the QFII’s inward/outward remittance, foreign exchange conversion, foreign exchange receipt and payment,
and fund movement records for no less than fifteen years;
8.Other responsibilities stipulated by the CSRC, the PBC and the SAFE according to the principles of prudential supervision.Article 16 A custodian shall strictly segregate its self-owned assets from the assets that is entrusted to manage. A custodian shall keep separate
accounts for each QFII and manage those accounts separately. Each QFII shall entrust only one custodian.
Article 17 A QFII shall entrust the custodian to apply on its behalf for the opening of a securities account at a securities registration and
settlement institution. The custodian shall submit the letter of authorization from the QFII and its securities investment business
license for account opening and shall file relevant information with the CSRC for record within five working days after the opening
of such securities account. The QFII shall entrust the custodian to open an RMB funds settlement account at the securities registration
and settlement institution to settle funds with this institution. The custodian shall be responsible for funds settlement of the
QFII’s domestic securities investment, and file relevant information with the CSRC and the SAFE for record within five working days
after the opening of such RMB account.
Chapter IV Investment OperationArticle 18 A QFII may invest in the following RMB denominated financial instruments within its approved investment quota:1.Stocks listed and traded on stock exchanges, except for Domestically Listed Foreign Currency Shares (B shares);2.Government bonds listed and traded on stock exchanges;3.Convertible bonds and corporate bonds listed and traded on stock exchanges;4.Other financial instruments approved by the CSRC.Article 19 A QFII may entrust a domestically registered securities company to manage its domestic securities investment. Each QFII shall entrust
only one securities company.
Article 20 A QFII shall comply with the following rules for its domestic securities investment :1.An individual QFII shall invest no more than 10 percent of the total amount of shares of a single listed company;2.The total shares held by all QFIIs in a single listed company shall be no more than 20 percent of the total amount of shares of the
company. The CSRC may adjust the above percentages according to the development of securities market.
Article 21 A QFII’s domestic securities investment shall be in compliance with the Foreign Investment Industry Guideline.Article 22 The securities company shall keep such materials as the records of consummated transactions and transaction activities of a QFII for
no less than fifteen years.
Chapter V Funds ManagementArticle 23 With the approval of the SAFE, a QFII shall open a special Renminbi account at the custodian’s place of business. The custodian shall
report relevant information to the CSRC and the SAFE for record within five business days after the opening of the special Renminbi
account.
Article 24 The receipts of the special Renminbi account shall include: funds from sale of foreign exchange (foreign exchange coming from overseas
with the accumulative amount of such sale not exceeding the approved investment quota), proceeds from sale of securities, cash dividends,
interest on current deposits, and interest on bonds. Payments of the special Renminbi account shall include: funds to purchase securities
(including stamp duty, processing fees, etc.), domestic custodian and management fees, and funds to purchase foreign exchange (for
outward remittance of investment principal and returns). Funds in the special Renminbi account shall not be used as loans or as collateral.
Article 25 A QFII shall make inward remittance of principal within three months after obtaining from the CSRC the securities investment license,
and the principal shall be directly deposited in the special Renminbi account after conversion. The remitted principal by a QFII
shall be in any freely convertible currency approved by the SAFE; and the amount of such principal shall be limited to the investment
quota approved by the SAFE. If a QFII fails to remit in the full amount of its investment quota approved by the SAFE within three
months after obtaining the foreign exchange registration certificate, the actually remitted amount shall be regarded as the approved
investment quota. The gap between the originally approved investment quota and the actually remitted amount shall not be filled by
any new remittance until approval has been obtained for a new investment quota.
Article 26 If a QFII is a China’s closed-end fund management institution, such QFII may, three years after the inward remittance of principal,
entrust its custodian to apply to the SAFE with required documentation for purchase of foreign exchange to remit principal abroad
by installments. Each installment shall not exceed twenty percent of the total investment principal, and the interval between two
successive installments shall not be less than one month. Other QFIIs may, one year after the inward remittance of principal, entrust
their custodians to apply to the SAFE with the required documentation for the purchase of foreign exchange to remit principal abroad
by installments. Each installment shall not exceed twenty percent of the total investment principal, and the interval between two
successive installments shall not be less than three months. The said QFII shall be the overseas recipient of the above-mentioned
outward remittance.
Article 27 A QFII that has remitted in principal for more than three months but less than one year may, after submitting a transfer application
and a transfer agreement to the CSRC and the SAFE and obtaining their approval, transfer its investment quota to other QFIIs or other
applicants that qualify under Article 6 of the Measures. After obtaining the approval of investment quota from the SAFE and the
securities investment business license, the transferee may remit in the amount of principal to fill the gap between the approved
quota and the actually transferred assets if the transferred assets are less than the investment quota approved by the SAFE.
Article 28 If a QFII needs to remit in new principal after it has remitted abroad a part or ?all of the principal, it shall apply for a new investment
quota.
Article 29 If a QFII needs to purchase foreign exchange to remit abroad the realized aftertax profits for the previous fiscal year that have
been audited by a Chinese certified public accountant, it shall entrust its custodian to file an application with the SAFE fifteen
days prior to the proposed purchase by submitting the following documents:
1.A written application for outward remittance;2.Annual financial statement for the year when the profits have been realized;3.An audit report issued by a Chinese certified public accountant;4.Resolution or other valid legal document on profit distribution;5.Tax payment certificate; and6.Other documents required by the SAFE. The said QFII shall be the overseas recipient of the above-mentioned outward remittance.Article 30 The SAFE may adjust the period for remittance of principal and realized profits by a QFII to meet the need of the State to balance
the receipt and payment of foreign exchange.
Chapter VI Supervision and ManagementArticle 31 The CSRC and the SAFE shall conduct annual review of the securities investment license and foreign exchange registration certificate
held by a QFII.
Article 32 The CSRC, the PEC and the SAFE may request QFIIs, custodians, securities companies, stock exchanges, and securities registration and
settlement institutions to provide materials and information related to the investment activities of QFIIs in China; and conduct
on-site inspection, if necessary.
Article 33 Stock exchanges and the securities registration and settlement institutions may as required by circumstances formulate new operational
rules or modify existing operational rules with respect to the securities investment of QFIIs in China. Such rules shall be implemented
after obtaining approval from the CSRC.
Article 34 A QFII shall report to the CSRC, the PBC and the SAFE for record within five working days in any of the following circumstances:1.Change of custodians;2.Change of legal representatives;3.Change of controlling shareholders;4.Adjustment of registered capital;5.Involvement in litigation or other major events;6.Severe penalty being subjected to outside PRC customs territory; and7.Other circumstances defined by the CSRC and the SAFE.Article 35 A QFII shall apply for a new securities investment license in any of the following cases:1.Change of its institutional name;2.Acquisition by or merger with other institution(s);3.Other circumstances defined by the CSRC and the SAFE.Article 36 A QFII shall surrender its securities investment license and foreign exchange registration certificate to the CSRC and the SAFE respectively
in any of the following cases:
1.All principal has been remitted out;2.Investment quota has been transferred;3.The legal entity is proposed to be dissolved, has entered into bankruptcy procedures, or its assets have been taken over by a trustee;4.Other circumstances defined by the CSRC and the SAFE. The securities investment business license and the foreign exchange registration
certificate shall become invalid automatically if they fail to pass the annual review conducted in accordance with Article 31 of
the Measures. The QFII shall return the securities investment business license and the foreign exchange registration certificate
respectively as is stipulated in the aforesaid paragraph.
Article 37 In accordance with their respective jurisdiction, the CSRC, the PBC and the SAFE shall give warning to or impose fine on any QFII,
custodian, securities company that has violated the Measures. The same violation, however, shall not be subject to two or more administrative
punishments.
Chapter VII Supplementary ProvisionsArticle 38 The Measures shall also apply to institutional investors established in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special
Administrative Region and the Taiwan Region that engage in securities investment on the mainland.
Article 39 The Measures shall enter into force as of December 1, 2002.

 
The China Securities Regulatory Commission, the People’s Bank of China
2002-11-05

 




AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA 2004

Amendments to the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China

(Adopted at the Second Session of the Tenth National People’s Congress and promulgated for implementation by the
Announcement of the National People’s Congress on March 14, 2004) 

Article 18  In the seventh paragraph of the Preamble to the Constitution, “under the leadership of the Communist Party of China
and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory” is revised to read, “under the leadership of the
Communist Party of China and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought
of Three Represents”; “along the road of building socialism with Chinese characteristics” is revised to read, “along the road of
Chinese-style socialism”; and after “to modernize the country’s industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology
step by step” is added “and promote the coordinated development of the material, political and spiritual civilizations”. The whole
paragraph is revised accordingly, which reads, “The victory in China’s New-Democratic Revolution and the successes in its socialist
cause have been achieved by the Chinese people of all nationalities, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the
guidance of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, by upholding truth, correcting errors and surmounting numerous difficulties
and hardships. China will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time to come. The basic task of the nation is to concentrate
its effort on socialist modernization along the road of Chinese-style socialism. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China
and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, the
Chinese people of all nationalities will continue to adhere to the people’s democratic dictatorship and the socialist road, persevere
in reform and opening to the outside world, steadily improve socialist institutions, develop the socialist market economy, develop
socialist democracy, improve the socialist legal system and work hard and self-reliantly to modernize the country’s industry, agriculture,
national defence and science and technology step by step and promote the coordinated development of the material, political and spiritual
civilizations, to turn China into a socialist country that is prosperous, powerful, democratic and culturally advanced.” 

Article 19  The second sentence of the tenth paragraph of the Preamble to the Constitution, which reads, “In the long years
of revolution and construction, there has been formed under the leadership of the Communist Party of China a broad patriotic united
front which is composed of the democratic parties and people’s organizations and which embraces all socialist working people, all
patriots who support socialism, and all patriots who stand for the reunification of the motherland. This united front will continue
to be consolidated and developed”, is revised to read, “In the long years of revolution and construction, there has been formed under
the leadership of the Communist Party of China a broad patriotic united front which is composed of the democratic parties and people’s
organizations and which embraces all socialist working people, all builders of socialism, all patriots who support socialism, and
all patriots who stand for the reunification of the motherland. This united front will continue to be consolidated and developed.” 

Article 20  The third paragraph of Article 10 of the Constitution, which reads, “The State may, in the public interest, requisition
land for its use in accordance with the law”, is revised to read, “The State may, in the public interest and in accordance with law,
expropriate or requisition land for its use and make compensation for the land expropriated or requisitioned.” 

Article 21  The second paragraph of Article 11 of the Constitution, which reads, “The State protects the lawful rights and interests
of the non-public sectors of the economy such as the individual and private sectors of the economy, and exercises guidance, supervision
and control over the individual and the private sectors of the economy”, is revised to read, “The State protects the lawful rights
and interests of the non-public sectors of the economy such as the individual and private sectors of the economy. The State encourages,
supports and guides the development of the non-public sectors of the economy and, in accordance with law, exercises supervision and
control over the non-public sectors of the economy.” 

Article 22  Article 13 of the Constitution, which reads, “The State protects the right of citizens to own lawfully earned income,
savings, houses and other lawful property.” “The State protects according to law the right of citizens to inherit private property”,
is revised to read, “Citizens’ lawful private property is inviolable.” “The State, in accordance with law, protects the rights of
citizens to private property and to its inheritance.” “The State may, in the public interest and in accordance with law, expropriate
or requisition private property for its use and make compensation for the private property expropriated or requisitioned.” 

Article 23  One paragraph is added to Article 14 of the Constitution as the fourth paragraph, which reads, “The State establishes
a social security system compatible with the level of economic development.” 

Article 24  One paragraph is added to Article 33 of the Constitution as the third paragraph, which reads, “The State respects
and preserves human rights.” The original third paragraph is changed to be the fourth. 

Article 25  The first paragraph of Article 59 of the Constitution, which reads, “The National People’s Congress is composed
of deputies elected from the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and of deputies
elected from the armed forces.  All the minority nationalities are enpost_titled to appropriate representation”, is revised to read,
“The National People’s Congress is composed of deputies elected from the provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under
the Central Government, and special administrative regions, and of deputies elected from the armed forces. All the minority nationalities
are enpost_titled to appropriate representation.” 

Article 26  The 20th subparagraph of Article 67 of the Constitution on the functions and powers of the Standing Committee of
the National People’s Congress, which reads, “(20) to decide on the imposition of martial law throughout the country or in particular
provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government” is revised to read, “(20) to decide on entering
into the state of emergency throughout the country or in particular provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under
the Central Government.” 

Article 27 Article 80 of the Constitution, which reads, “The President of the People’s Republic of China, in pursuance of the decisions
of the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee, promulgates statutes, appoints or removes the Premier, Vice-Premiers,
State Councillors, Ministers in charge of ministries or commissions, the Auditor-General and the Secretary-General of the State Council;
confers State medals and post_titles of honour; issues orders of special pardons; proclaims martial law; proclaims a state of war; and
issues mobilization orders”, is revised to read, “The President of the People’s Republic of China, in pursuance of the decisions
of the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee, promulgates statutes, appoints or removes the Premier, Vice-Premiers,
State Councillors, Ministers in charge of ministries or commissions, the Auditor-General and the Secretary-General of the State Council;
confers State medals and post_titles of honour; issues orders of special pardons; proclaims entering of the state of emergency; proclaims
a state of war; and issues mobilization orders.”  

Article 28  Article 81 of the Constitution, which reads, “The President of the People’s Republic of China receives foreign diplomatic
representatives on behalf of the People’s Republic of China and, in pursuance of the decisions of the Standing Committee of the National
People’s Congress, appoints or recalls plenipotentiary representatives abroad, and ratifies or abrogates treaties and important agreements
concluded with foreign states”, is revised to read, “The President of the People’s Republic of China, on behalf of the People’s Republic
of China, engages in activities involving State affairs and receives foreign diplomatic representatives and, in pursuance of the
decisions of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress, appoints or recalls plenipotentiary representatives abroad,
and ratifies or abrogates treaties and important agreements concluded with foreign states.” 

Article 29  The 16th subparagraph of Article 89 of the Constitution on the functions and powers of the State Council, which
reads, “(16) to decide on the imposition of martial law in parts of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under
the Central Government” is revised to read, “(16) in accordance with the provisions of law, to decide on entering into the state
of emergency in parts of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government.” 

Article 30  Article 98 of the Constitution, which reads, “The term of office of the people’s congresses of provinces, municipalities
directly under the Central Government, counties, cities and municipal districts is five years. The term of office of the people’s
congresses of townships, nationality townships and towns is three years” is revised to read, “The term of office of the local people’s
congresses at various levels is five years.” 

Article 31 The post_title of the fourth chapter of the Constitution, which reads “The National Flag, the National Emblem and the Capital”,
is revised to read “The National Flag, the National Anthem, the National Emblem and the Capital”. And one paragraph is added to Article
136 of the Constitution as the second paragraph, which reads, “The national anthem of the People’s Republic of China is the March
of the Volunteers.”

Notice: All Rights Reserved to the Legislative Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress.




CONSTITUTION ACT, 1982 – page 22

NOTES (1) The enacting clause was repealed by the Statute Law Revision Act, 1893, 56-57 Vict., c. 14 (U.K.). It read as...