|
20040901
The People’s Bank of China
Order of the People’s Bank Of China
No.1
Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the Administration of Foreign-funded
Financial Institutions, which have been formulated by the People’s Bank of China in accordance with the Law of the People’s Republic
of China on Commercial Banks and the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the Administration of Foreign-funded Financial
Institutions and other relative laws and regulations of finance, were promulgated hereby and shall enter into force as of February
1, 2002.
President of the People’s Bank Of China Dai Xianglong
January 25, 2002
Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the Administration of Foreign-funded
Financial Institutions
Chapter I General Rules
Article 1
These Rules have been formulated in accordance with the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Commercial Banks and the Regulations
of the People’s Republic of China on the Administration of Foreign-funded Financial Institutions (hereinafter referred to as the
Regulations).
Article 2
The “foreign investment” as used in item 1) and item 4) of Article 2 of the Regulations shall refer to the investment paid at the
registration bodies outside the territory of the People’s Republic of China.
The “foreign banks” as used in item 2) shall refer to the banks that are registered outside the territory of the People’s Republic
of China and that are approved or accredited by the financial authorities of the places where they are located.
The “foreign financial institutions” as used in item 3) and item 5) shall refer to the financial institutions that are registered
outside the territory of the People’s Republic of China and that are approved or accredited by the financial authorities of the places
where they are located.
Article 3
The “foreign-funded institutions with legal person status” as used in these Rules shall refer to the solely foreign-funded banks,
joint venture banks, solely foreign-funded financial companies and joint venture financial companies.
Chapter II Establishment and Registration
Article 4
As to a solely foreign-funded bank established in accordance with Article 6 of the Regulations, its only shareholder or the holding
shareholder must be a commercial bank.
As to a solely foreign-funded financial company established in accordance with Article 6 of the Regulations, its only shareholder
or the holding shareholder must be a commercial bank or a financial company.
The rate of capital sufficiency of the commercial bank as referred to in this article shall not be lower than 8%.
Item 2) and item 3) of Article 6 of the Regulations shall be applicable to the only shareholder or the holding shareholder.
Article 5
As to a joint venture bank established in accordance with Article 8 of the Regulations, the only shareholder or the holding shareholder
of the foreign party must be a commercial bank.
As to a joint venture financial company established in accordance with Article 8 of the Regulations, the only shareholder or the
holding shareholder of the foreign party must be a commercial bank or a financial company.
The rate of capital sufficiency of the commercial bank as referred to in this article shall not be lower than 8%.
Item 2) and item 3) of Article 6 of the Regulations shall be applicable to the only shareholder or the holding shareholder of the
foreign party.
Article 6
The “applicant” or the “representative office in China of the foreign party” as used in Article 6 , Article 7 and Article 8 of the
Regulations shall refer to the representative office established with the approval of and controlled by the People’s Bank of China;
the “end of the year before the application is filed” shall refer to the end of the fiscal year up to the date of application.
Article 7
The “prudent conditions” as used in the Regulations and these Rules shall include the following conditions at least:
1)
having rational system of legal person administration;
2)
having moderate system of risk management;
3)
having sound and complete system of internal control;
4)
having effective system of information management;
5)
the applicant running well and having no record of major violations of laws and rules;
6)
having effective measures against money laundering.
Article 8
The “report on feasibility study” as used in Article 9 , Article 10 , Article 11 of the Regulations and Article 16 of these Rules
shall at least include: the basic information of the applicant, the analysis of the market prospect of the institution to be established,
the business development planning of the institution to be established, the framework of organization and management of the institution
to be established, and the debt scale and profit forecast in the three years after the start of business of the institution to be
established, etc.
Article 9
The “business license (copy)” as used in the Regulations and these Rules shall refer to the copy of the business license or other
document of approval for financial business operation.
The “business license (copy)”, “letter of authorization”, “liability guarantee of the head office of a foreign bank for the tax and
debt of its branch bank in China”, etc. as used in the Regulations and these Rules shall be notarized by the agencies accredited
by the country or region where the foreign financial institution is located and be authenticated by the embassy and consulate of
the People’s Republic of China in that country. But the business license (copy) issued by the department of industry and commerce
administration of China shall be the exception.
Article 10
The “relevant materials of the Chinese party” as used in item 6) of Article 11 of the Regulations shall refer to the business license
(copy) and the annual reports of the last 3 years of the Chinese Party.
Article 11
The “annual reports” as used in the Regulations and these Rules shall be audited, and the auditing opinions given by the accredited
accounting firm of the country or region where the applicant is located shall be attached. The Chinese or English versions shall
be attached for the annual reports printed in languages other than Chinese or English.
Article 12
The “other materials as required by the People’s Bank of China” as used in Article 9 , Article 10 and Article 11 of the Regulations
shall at least include the following materials:
1)
for the applicant applying for establishing foreign-funded institution for the first time, the information about the financial system
and the provisions of laws and regulations on financial supervision and control of the country or region where it is located;
2)
articles of association of the applicant;
3)
diagram of organization and structure of the applicant and the group to which it belongs, list of the main shareholders, list of the
overseas branches and associate companies.
Article 13
The Chinese versions shall be attached for the application materials, as required to be submitted by these Rules, if they are written
in the foreign language except the annual reports.
Article 14
If a foreign bank wishes to add a new branch bank in China, in addition to meeting the conditions as provided for in Article 7 of
the Regulations, the business operations of the branches it has already set up in China shall be well and with no record of major
violations of laws and rules.
The application for adding branch bank of foreign bank may only be filed one year after the day on which the People’s Bank of China
approved the establishment of its branch for the last time.
Article 15
The following conditions shall be met if a solely foreign-funded bank or a joint venture bank applies to establish a branch bank:
1)
having practiced within the territory of China for not less than 3 years, and having made profits for the two successive fiscal years
before the application is filed and having no record of major violations of laws and rules;
2)
the rate of capital sufficiency being not lower than 8% and assets quality being well;
3)
in case of addition of a branch bank, the application may only be filed one year after the day on which the People’s Bank of China
approved the establishment of branch bank for last time;
4)
the applicant shall allocate convertible currency equal to not less than 100,000,000 Renminbi as the working capital of the branch
bank to be established; the total amount of the working capital allocated by the applicant for all of its branch banks within the
territory of China, including the branch to be established, shall not exceed 60% of its registered capital;
5)
other prudent conditions as provided for by the People’s Bank of China.
Article 16
If a solely foreign-funded bank or a joint venture bank applies to establish a branch bank, it shall submit the following materials
to the branch of the People’s Bank of China of the place where it is located, and shall, after being approved after examination by
the branch of the People’s Bank of China of the place where it is located, submit the materials level by level to the head office
of the People’s Bank of China for examination and approval:
1)
application form signed by the board chairman or the president (CEO, general manager) of the applicant, of which the contents shall
include: the name of the branch bank to be established, the amount of working capital to be allocated, and the business types applied
for, etc;
2)
resolution of the board of directors on approval for applying for the establishment of the branch bank;
3)
report on feasibility study;
4)
business license (copy);
5)
annual reports of the last three years;
6)
articles of association of the applicant;
7)
other materials as required by the People’s Bank of China.
Article 17
The applicant submit to the president of the People’s Bank of China for the establishment of foreign-funded institution shall sign
by the board chairman or the president (CEO, general manager), to the president of the People’s Bank of China; the applicant submit
to the president of the People’s Bank of China for the establishment of branch of foreign bank shall sign by the board chairman
or the president (CEO, general manager).
Article 18
The applicant for the establishment of foreign-funded institution shall submit the application materials (triplication) as provided
for in Article 9 , Article 10 , and Article 11 of the Regulations to the branch of the People’s Bank of China of the place where
it is located, and shall, after being examined and approved by the branch of the People’s Bank of China of the place where the branch
bank to be established is located, submit the materials level by level to the head office of the People’s Bank of China for examination
and approval. If the applicant fails to meet the qualification conditions (excluding the prudent conditions) as required by Article
6 , Article 7 , and Article 8 of the Regulations and Article 14 and Article 15 of these Rules, the branch bank of the People’s
Bank of China of the place where the applicant is located shall make the decision on rejecting the application, and shall notify
the applicant of the reasons for rejection, and shall report the notification on rejection to the head office of the People’s Bank
of China level by level.
Article 19
The head office of the People’s Bank of China shall make a decision on whether to accept the application or not and notify the applicant
in written form within 6 months from the day of receiving the complete application materials for the establishment of foreign-funded
institution. The applicant that has received the notification of acceptance of application shall, within 15 days from the day of
receiving the notification, draw the formal application form at the branch bank of the People’s Bank of China of the place where
the institution to be established is located and start the preparation work. The preparation period shall be 6 months.
If the applicant fails to draw the formal application form within the prescribed period, the applicant may not file the application
for the establishment of business institution in the same city again in one year from the day of receiving the notification.
Article 20
The applicant that has received the notification of the head office of the People’s Bank of China on rejection may not file the application
for the establishment of business institution in the same city again in one year from the day of receiving the notification
Article 21
The “principal” as used in Article 14 of the Regulations shall refer to the board chairman or the president (CEO, general manager)
of the foreign-funded institution with the legal person status, or the president (general manager) of the branch bank of foreign
bank.
Article 22
The applicant shall finish the following work within the preparation period and submit the relevant materials to the branch bank of
the People’s Bank of China of the place where it is located:
1)
establishing the system of internal control, including the system of internal organization, authorization and accreditation, management
of credit fund, fund trade, accounting, control policies and operation procedures of computer system;
2)
allocating appropriate number of business personnel according to the needs of business development, thus to meet the requirements
such as effective supervision and control of risks of the main businesses, the graded examination and approval and reexamination
of business, the division of work and restraint of each other for the key posts;
3)
printing the important vouchers and bills for external use;
4)
equipping the safety protection facilities accredited by the relevant departments;
5)
the accounting firm accredited by the People’s Bank of China making audit of the system of internal control, the accounting system,
and the computer system before the start of practice.
Article 23
If the applicant applies for extension of the preparation period, it shall file the application to the branch bank of the People’s
Bank of China of the place where it is located one month before the expiration of the preparation period. The application form shall
be signed by the board chairman or the president (CEO, general manager) of the foreign-funded institution with legal person status
to be established or the president or general manager of the branch bank of foreign bank.
If the applicant fails to file the application for extension of preparation period within the prescribed time limit, the People’s
Bank of China shall reject its application for period extension.
The branch bank of the People’s Bank of China of the place where the applicant is located shall make a decision on whether to approve
the extension or not within 15 days from the day of receiving the application materials for extension of the preparation period.
If it decides not to approve, it shall notify the applicant of the reasons for not approving in written form and shall report to
the head office of the People’s Bank of China level by level.
Article 24
After the preparation work is finished, the applicant shall report the application form filled out, together with the documents as
provided for in Article 14 of the Regulations to the branch bank of the People’s Bank of China of the place where the institution
to be established is located. And after the branch bank of the People’s Bank of China of the place where the institution to be established
is located approves after examination, the materials shall be reported level by level to the head office of the People’s Bank of
China for examination and approval.
Article 25
The head office of the People’s Bank of China shall make a decision on whether to approve or not within 2 months from the day of receiving
the formal application form and the relevant materials for the establishment of foreign-funded financial institution. The applicant
shall, within 15 days of receiving the notification of the head office of the People’s Bank of China, draw the documents of reply
for the establishment of foreign-funded financial institution at the head office of the People’s Bank of China. Where the decision
on not approving is made, the applicant may not file the application for the establishment of business institution in the same city
again in one year from the day of receiving the notification of the head office of the People’s Bank of China on not approving.
Article 26
The applicant that has been approved to establish a foreign-funded financial institution shall, after drawing the documents of approval
of the head office of the People’s Bank of China for the establishment of foreign-funded financial institution, file the application
to the branch bank of the People’s Bank of China where it is located for examination before acceptance and starting practice. The
application form shall be signed by the board chairman or president (CEO, general manager) of the foreign-funded institution with
legal person status to be established. After passing the examination and being accepted by the branch bank of the People’s Bank of
China where it is located, the applicant shall, taking the opinions on passing the examination and acceptance, draw the license for
financial business at the head office of the People’s Bank of China. The foreign-funded financial institution failing the examination
may apply for reexamination to the institution of examination and acceptance 10 days after receiving the notification on examination
and acceptance.
Article 27
The foreign-funded financial institution shall, before starting practice, make public announcements on the national newspapers designated
by the head office of the People’s Bank of China and the local newspapers designated by the branch bank of the People’s Bank of China
of the place where it is located. The foreign-funded financial institution shall, before starting practice, report the date of starting
practice in written form to the branch bank of the People’s Bank of China of the place where it is located.
Article 28
The foreign-funded financial institution shall start practice within 90 days from the day on which the head office of the People’s
Bank of China approves its establishment, except that it has been approved to postpone the start of practice by the branch bank of
the People’s Bank of China under special circumstances.
If the foreign-funded financial institution applies to postpone the start of practice, it shall file the application for postponing
the start of practice with the branch bank of the People’s Bank of China of the place where it is located within 60 days after its
establishment upon approval. The application form shall be signed by the board chairman or president (CEO, general manager) of the
foreign-funded institution with legal person status.
The branch bank of the People’s Bank of China of the place where the applicant is located shall make a decision on whether to approve
the postponing or not within 15 days from the day of receiving the application materials. Where the decision on not approving is
made, it shall notify the foreign-funded financial institution of the reasons for not approving in written form, and shall report
to the head office of the People’s Bank of China level by level.
If the foreign-funded institution fails to file the application for postponing the start of practice within the prescribed time limit,
the People’s Bank of China shall not accept its application for postponing.
The start of practice may be postponed for 90 days at the most. If the foreign-funded financial institution fails to start practice
upon the expiration of the period, the original approval for establishment shall be invalidated automatically. The foreign-funded
institution shall return the license for financial business and the copy to the head office of the People’s Bank of China. And the
applicant may not file the application for establishing business institution in the same city again in one year from the day on which
the original approval for establishment is invalidated.
Chapter III Business Scope
Article 29
“Trading government bonds and financial bonds, and trading other valuable foreign currency securities other than stocks” as used in
item 4) of Article 17 and item 4) of Article 18 shall include, but not be limited to, the following businesses: bonds of Chinese
or foreign governments, bonds of Chinese financial institutions and bonds of Chinese non-financial institutions that are issued overseas.
Article 30
“Providing services of credit rating and consulting” as used in item 12) of Article 17 and item 8) of Article 18 shall refer to
the credit rating and consulting related to bank business.
Article 31
If foreign-funded financial institutions operate, within the business scope as provided for by Article 17 or Article 18 of the Regulations,
foreign exchange business for overseas institutions, foreign-funded enterprises, foreign institutions stationed in China, representative
institutions of Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan stationed in the mainland, foreigners and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan,
and some foreign exchange businesses for non-foreign-funded enterprises, the following conditions shall be met separately:
1)
The operating fund of the branch banks of a foreign bank shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 100,000,000 Renminbi;
2)
The registered capital of a solely foreign-funded or a joint venture bank shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 300,000,000
Renminbi;
3)
The registered capital of a solely foreign-funded financial company or a joint venture financial company shall not be less than convertible
currencies equal to 200,000,000 Renminbi.
Article 32
If foreign-funded financial institutions operate, within the business scope as provided for by Article 17 or Article 18 of the Regulations,
the comprehensive foreign exchange business for all kinds of customers, the following conditions shall be met separately:
1)
The working capital of the branch banks of a foreign bank shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 200,000,000 Renminbi;
2)
The registered capital of a solely foreign-funded or a joint venture bank shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 400,000,000
Renminbi;
3)
The registered capital of a solely foreign-funded financial company or a joint venture financial company shall not be less than convertible
currencies equal to 300,000,000 Renminbi.
Article 33
The foreign-funded financial institutions which meet the provisions of Article 20 of the Regulations and have been approved to operate,
within the business scope as provided for by Article 17 or Article 18 of the Regulations, foreign exchange business and Renminbi
business for overseas institutions, foreign-funded enterprises, foreign institutions stationed in China, representative institutions
of Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan stationed in the mainland, foreigners and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan, and to operate
some foreign exchange business and Renminbi business for non-foreign-funded enterprises shall meet the following conditions separately:
1)
The working capital of the branch bank of a foreign bank shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 200,000,000 Renminbi,
among which the operating fund in Renminbi shall not be less than 100,000,000 Renminbi, and the working capital in foreign exchange
shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 100,000,000 Renminbi;
2)
The registered capital of a solely foreign-funded or a joint venture bank shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 400,000,000
Renminbi, among which the capital in Renminbi shall not be less than 100,000,000 Renminbi, and the capital in foreign exchange shall
not be less than convertible currencies equal to 300,000,000 Renminbi;
3)
The registered capital of a solely foreign-funded financial company or a joint venture financial company shall not be less than convertible
currencies equal to 300,000,000 Renminbi, among which the capital in Renminbi shall not be less than 100,000,000 Renminbi, and the
capital in foreign exchange shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 200,000,000 Renminbi
Article 34
The foreign-funded financial institutions which meet the provisions of Article 20 of the Regulations and have been approved to operate,
within the business scope as provided for by Article 17 or Article 18 of the Regulations, comprehensive foreign exchange business
for all kinds of customers, to operate Renminbi business for overseas institutions, foreign-funded enterprises, foreign institutions
stationed in China, representative institutions of Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan stationed in the mainland, foreigners and compatriots
from Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan, and to operate some Renminbi business for non-foreign-funded enterprises shall meet the following
conditions separately:
1)
The working capital of the branch bank of a foreign bank shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 300,000,000 Renminbi,
among which the working capital in Renminbi shall not be less than 100,000,000 Renminbi, and the working capital in foreign exchange
shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 200,000,000 Renminbi;
2)
The registered capital of a solely foreign-funded or joint venture bank shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 500,000,000
Renminbi, among which the capital in Renminbi shall not be less than 100,000,000 Renminbi, and the capital in foreign exchange shall
not be less than convertible currencies equal to 400,000,000 Renminbi;
3)
The registered capital of a solely foreign-funded financial company or a joint venture financial company shall not be less than convertible
currencies equal to 40,000,000 Renminbi, among which the capital in Renminbi shall not be less than 100,000,000 Renminbi, and the
capital in foreign exchange shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 300,000,000 Renminbi
Article 35
The foreign-funded financial institutions which meet the provisions of Article 20 of the Regulations and have been approved to operate,
within the business scope as provided for by Article 17 or Article 18 of the Regulations, comprehensive foreign exchange business
for all kinds of customers, and to operate all Renminbi business for overseas institutions, foreign-funded enterprises, foreign institutions
stationed in China, representative institutions of Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan stationed in the mainland, foreigners and compatriots
from Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan, and non-foreign-funded enterprises shall meet the following conditions separately:
1)
The working capital of the branch bank of a foreign bank shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 400,000,000 Renminbi,
among which the working capital in Renminbi shall not be less than 200,000,000 Renminbi, and the working capital in foreign exchange
shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 200,000,000 Renminbi;
2)
The registered capital of a solely foreign-funded or joint venture bank shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 600,000,000
Renminbi, among which the capital in Renminbi shall not be less than 200,000,000 Renminbi, and the capital in foreign exchange shall
not be less than convertible currencies equal to 400,000,000 Renminbi;
3)
The registered capital of a solely foreign-funded financial company or a joint venture financial company shall not be less than convertible
currencies equal to 50,000,000 Renminbi, among which the capital in Renminbi shall not be less than 200,000,000 Renminbi, and the
capital in foreign exchange shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 300,000,000 Renminbi
Article 36
The foreign-funded financial institutions which meet the provisions of Article 20 of the Regulations and have been approved to operate,
within the business scope as provided for by Article 17 or Article 18 of the Regulations, comprehensive foreign exchange business
for all kinds of customers, and to operate comprehensive Renminbi business shall meet the following conditions separately:
1)
The working capital of the branch bank of a foreign bank shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 600,000,000 Renminbi,
among which the working capital in Renminbi shall not be less than 400,000,000 Renminbi, and the working capital in foreign exchange
shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 200,000,000 Renminbi;
2)
The registered capital of a solely foreign-funded or a joint venture bank shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 1,000,000,000
Renminbi, among which the capital in Renminbi shall not be less than 600,000,000 Renminbi, and the capital in foreign exchange shall
not be less than convertible currencies equal to 400,000,000 Renminbi;
3)
The registered capital of a solely foreign-funded financial company or a joint venture financial company shall not be less than convertible
currencies equal to 70,000,000 Renminbi, among which the capital in Renminbi shall not be less than 400,000,000 Renminbi, and the
capital in foreign exchange shall not be less than convertible currencies equal to 300,000,000 Renminbi
Article 37
“Some foreign exchange business” as used in Article 31 and Article 33 of these Rules shall refer to the transfer of deposit, export
settlement under the item of foreign exchange loans and the import settlement and remit-in remittance under the item of loan set
up for non-foreign-funded enterprises.
“Some Renminbi Business” as used in Article 33 and Article 34 of these Rules shall refer to the accessory Renminbi loan and the
transfer of deposit thereof for the non-financial funded enterprises that have obtained the foreign exchange loan from that foreign-funded
financial institution, and the guarantee for the non-foreign-funded enterprises that have obtained the foreign exchange loan from
that foreign-funded financial institution.
Article 38
Item 1) and item 2) of Article 20 of the Regulations shall mean that the institution set up by the applicant has practiced for more
than 3 years in the city where it wishes to launch or expand the Renminbi business, and has made profit for two successive years
before the application is filed.
Article 39
If a foreign-funded financial institution wishes to operate Renminbi business or expand the scope of the service object, it shall
submit the following materials (triplication) to the branch of the People’s Bank of China of the place where it is located, and the
materials shall be, being examined and approved by the sub-branch of the branch bank of the People’s Bank of China of the place where
it
|
The People’s Bank of China
Unifying the Policies on Controlling Interest Rates of Foreign Currency Deposits and Loans for Chinese and Foreign Capital Financial
Institutions Inside the Territory of China
Announcement [2002] No.4 of the People’s Bank of China
March 4, 2002
In order to regulate the control of the interest rates of foreign currency deposits and loans for Chinese and foreign capital financial
institutions, the People’s Bank of China hereby decides to unify the policies on controlling interest rates of foreign currency deposits
and loans for Chinese and foreign capital financial institutions inside the territory of China from March 1, 2002:
I.
The small amount of foreign currency deposits of Chinese residents inside the territory (including the enterprise legal persons, public
institution legal persons, State organs, organizations and army units lawfully established inside the territory of China as well
as the natural persons residing inside the territory of China for no less than one year), which are deposited in foreign capital
financial institutions inside the territory, shall be brought into the present scope of control by the People’s Bank of China on
the interest rates of small amount of foreign currency deposits. That is, for the small amount of deposits of Chinese residents of
less than 3 million USD (or the equal value of other foreign currency), both the Chinese and foreign capital financial institutions
shall execute the interest rates stipulated by the People’s Bank of China.
The interest rates of the small amount of foreign currency deposits of non-Chinese residents shall be determined by the Chinese and
foreign capital financial institutions themselves.
II.
The present policies on the interest rates of large amount of foreign currency deposits shall remain unchanged. That is, the interest
rates of the large amount of deposits of Chinese residents and non-Chinese residents of more than 3 million USD (or the equal value
of other foreign currency) shall be negotiated and determined between the Chinese or foreign capital financial institutions and their
clients.
III.
The interest rates of foreign currency loans and the methods of calculation and settlement shall be determined by the Chinese and
foreign capital financial institutions themselves according to the alterations of interest rates in the international financial market
as well as such factors as cost of funds, differences of risks, etc..
IV.
The present policies on the interest rates of Renminbi deposits and loans for foreign capital financial institutions shall remain
unchanged.
V.
Every financial institution shall, according to this Announcement, submit as a legal person the measures on controlling its own foreign
currency interest rates as well as the levels of interest rates of foreign currency deposits and loans to the People’s Bank of China
for record.
|
| 