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MEASURES FOR EXEMPTION FROM INSPECTION OF IMPORT AND EXPORT COMMODITIES

REGULATIONS ON THE PREVENTION OF POLLUTION DAMAGE TO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT BY LAND-SOURCED POLLUTANTS

Category  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Organ of Promulgation  The State Council Status of Effect  In Force
Date of Promulgation  1990-06-22 Effective Date  1990-08-01  


Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention of Pollution Damage to the Marine Environment by Land-sourced Pollutants



(Adopted at the 61st Executive Meeting of the State Council on May 25,

1990, promulgated by Decree No.61 of the State Council of the People’s
Republic of China on June 22, 1990 and effective as of August 1, 1990)

    Article 1  These Regulations are formulated in accordance with the Marine
Environment Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China and for the
purposes of strengthening the supervision and administration of land pollution
sources and preventing pollution damage to the marine environment by
land-sourced pollutants.

    Article 2  “Land pollution sources” (hereinafter referred to as “land
sources”) mentioned in these Regulations refer to places or installations in
or by which to discharge pollutants from the land into the sea thereby causes
or may cause pollution damage to the marine environment.

    “Land-sourced pollutants” mentioned in these Regulations refer to
pollutants discharged from “land sources” stipulated in the preceding
paragraph.

    Article 3  These Regulations apply to all organizations and individuals
who discharge land-sourced pollutants into the sea within the territory of
the People’s Republic of China.

    With respect to the prevention of pollution damage to the marine
environment by ship scrapping, the Regulations on the Prevention of
Environmental Pollution by Ship Scrapping shall apply.

    Article 4  The environmental protection department under the State Council
shall be in charge of the prevention of pollution damage to the marine
environment by land-sourced pollutants of the whole country.

    The environmental protection departments of the coastal local people’s
governments at county level and above shall be in charge of the prevention of
pollution damage to the marine environment by land-sourced pollutants in their
respective administrative areas.

    Article 5  The discharge of land-sourced pollutants into the sea by any
organization or individual must be conducted in compliance with the standards
for discharge of pollutants and the relevant regulations promulgated by the
state or the localities.

    Article 6  Any organization or individual who has to discharge
land-sourced pollutants into the sea must report to and register with the
environmental protection department in the place where it or he is located
with respect to the pollutant discharging and treating facilities that it or
he possesses and the kind(s), quantity and density of the pollutants to be
discharged under normal operational conditions, and must provide with
materials regarding the prevention of pollution damage to the marine
environment by land-sourced pollutants. A copy of registrations and materials
mentioned above shall be sent to the administrative department of marine
affairs.

    If major changes have taken place in the kind(s), quantity and density of
the pollutants to be discharged, or pollutant treating facilities are
dismantled or left idle, prior approval shall be obtained from the
environmental protection department in the locality as well as the original
examining and approving department.

    Article 7  Any organization or individual discharging land-sourced
pollutants into the sea in excess of the national or local discharge standards
shall pay a fee for excessive discharge and shall assume responsibility for
eliminating and controlling the pollution.

    Article 8  No organization or individual may establish outlets for
discharging sewage within special marine reserves, marine sanctuaries,
seashore scenic and tourist areas, saltworks reserves, bathing beaches,
important fishing areas and other areas which need special protection.

    Those outlets already established within the areas stipulated in the
preceding paragraph, where the discharge of pollutants is in excess of the
national or local discharge standards, shall be improved within a prescribed
period of time.

    Article 9  If an enterprise or institution discharges land-sourced
pollutants into the sea and has thereby caused severe environmental pollution,
it shall be required to eliminate and control the pollution within a
prescribed period of time.

    Article 10  For enterprises and institutions directly under the
jurisdiction of a department under the State Council or a people’s government
of a province, an autonomous region, or a municipality directly under the
central government, the proposal for a deadline for the elimination or control
of pollution shall be made by the environmental protection department of the
people’s government of the province, autonomous region, or municipality
directly under the central government, and shall be reported to the people’s
government at the same level for the decision. For enterprises and
institutions under the jurisdiction of a people’s government at city or county
level or below, such proposal shall be made by the environmental protection
department of the people’s government of the city or county, and shall be
reported to the people’s government at the same level. Such enterprises and
institutions shall accomplish the elimination or control of pollution within
the prescribed period of time.

    Article 11  It is prohibited to pile up, discard, or dispose of solid
wastes along seashores and beaches without approval. If it is really necessary
to pile up or dispose of solid wastes for the time being, a written
application shall be submitted according to the examining and approving
procedures stipulated by the environmental protection departments of the
coastal provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the
central government. The application shall mainly include the following
contents:

    (1) the name and address of the applicant;

    (2) the place and covering area of solid wastes to be piled up and
disposed of;

    (3) the types and composition of solid wastes, amount of solid wastes to
be piled up and disposed of per year, total amount of solid wastes to be
stockpiled up and disposed of and the height of solid wastes to be piled up;

    (4) the time of period within which to pile up and dispose of solid wastes
and final means of disposal of them;

    (5) the pollution damage to the marine environment possibly caused by
piling up and disposing of solid wastes;

    (6) technology and measures for preventing the marine environment from
pollution damage caused by piling up and disposing of solid wastes; and

    (7) other matters required to be explained by the examining and approving
organ.

    The environmental protection department of the local people’s government
at county level or above shall order the completion of the examining and
approving procedures within a time limit for those existing sites in which
solid wastes are temporarily piled up and disposed of without its approval.

    Article 12  Any organization or individual who has been approved to set up
waste yards and treatment facilities shall build dikes and facilities against
raising dust and leakage of wastes. Prior to their use, the dikes and
facilities shall pass the inspection by the environmental protection
department that approved the establishment of the waste yards and treatment
facilities.

    It is prohibited to pile up and discard wastes of other types which have
not been approved in the waste yards and treatment facilities which have been
used with approval. It is prohibited to pile up wastes containing hypertoxic,
radioactive, soluble or volatile substance out of doors. Piling up not out of
doors shall not be carried out as final means of disposal of the
above-mentioned wastes.

    Article 13  It is prohibited to discharge toxic and harmful waste water
along seashores and beaches by improper means of dilution or permeation.

    Article 14  It is prohibited to discharge waste water containing
high-level or meddle-level radioactive substance into the sea.

    Any discharge of waste water containing low-level radioactive substance
into the sea shall be carried out in strict compliance with the state
provisions and standards concerning radioactive protection.

    Article 15  It is prohibited to discharge oils, acid liquid, alkaline
liquid or toxic liquid into the sea.

    No oil-polluted water, waste water containing harmful heavy metals or
industrial waste water of other types may be discharged into the sea before it
has been properly treated and conforms to the standards for discharge of
pollutants and the relevant regulations stipulated by the state or the
localities. Residual dregs after treatment shall not be cast off into the sea.

    Article 16  No waste water carrying pathogens may be discharged into the
sea before it has been properly treated and conforms to the standards for
discharge of pollutants and the relevant regulations stipulated by the state
or the localities.

    Article 17  In case of the discharge of heated waste water into the sea,
the water temperature shall be in compliance with the relevant provisions of
the state.

    Article 18  The discharge of industrial waste water and domestic sewage
containing organic and nutrient substance into sea areas with low capacities
of self-purification shall be controlled in scale. The outlets for discharging
sewage shall be set up in sea areas suitable for current exchange and rational
means of discharge shall be carried out to prevent eutrophication of the sea
water.

    Article 19  It is prohibited to discard medicines and medical instruments
having lost efficacy or use of which is prohibited along seashores and
beaches.

    Article 20  The environmental protection departments of provinces,
autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government in
the estuaries shall be in charge of the investigation and dealing with of
accidents of pollution damage to the marine environment by land-sourced
pollutants which occur in the estuaries and are conclusively proved to be
caused by river waters carrying pollutants. If the river flows across
different provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the
central government, the environmental protection department and the water
conservancy department of the people’s government at provincial, autonomous
regional and municipal level in the entuary shall cooperate with the
environmental protection department and water conservancy department of the
people’s government of involved provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities and the river basin administrative department in investigating
and dealing with the accident.

    Article 21  With respect to those coastal regions adjacent or opposite to
one another discharging land-sourced pollutants into the same sea area, the
relevant local people’s governments shall jointly formulate measures for the
prevention of pollution damage to the marine environment by land-sourced
pollutants.

    Article 22  Any organization or individual who causes an accident of
pollution damage to the marine environment by land-sourced pollutants shall
promptly take measures to deal with the accident and shall, within 48 hours
after the happening of the accident, report to the environmental protect
department of the local people’s government on the time, place, type of the
accident, the amount of pollutants discharged, economic losses, victims and
other preliminary information and a copy of the preliminary report shall be
sent to each of the relevant departments. Upon the investigation of the
accident, a written report accompanied with relevant documentary evidence
shall be sent to the environmental protection department of the local people’s
government.

    The environmental protection department of the people’s government at
various levels shall, upon the receipt of the preliminary report on a accident
of pollution damage to the marine environment by land-sourced pollutants, take
measures promptly in consultation with the relevant departments to eliminate
or reduce the pollution. The accident shall be investigated and dealt with by
the environmental protection department of the people’s government at county
level or above together with the relevant departments, or by a department
authorized by the environmental protection department of the people’s
government at county level or above itself.

    Article 23  The environmental protection department of the people’s
government at county level or above together with the department in charge of
the project shall, according to its scope of powers to project administration,
conduct an on-the-spot inspection of the organization or individual
discharging land-sourced pollutants. The inspection receiver shall truthfully
report information and provide materials and the inspectors shall be
responsible for keeping technical and business secrets for the inspection
receiver. If otherwise provided for in the laws and regulations, the
provisions stipulated above in this article shall not apply.

    Article 24  Where anyone violates these Regulations under any of the
following circumstances, the environmental protection department of the
people’s government at county level or above shall order the correction and
may concurrently fine an amount of not less than 300 yuan but not more than
3,000 yuan.

    (1) refusing to report or falsely reporting on registrations for discharge
of pollutants; or

    (2) refusing or obstructing the environmental protection department that
is conducting an on-the-spot inspection, or practising fraud in the
on-the-spot inspection.

    Article 25  Where anyone forces in use facilities against pollution set up
in waste yards and treatment facilities which have not been inspected and
accepted by the environmental protection department or have not passed the
inspection, the environmental protection department shall order the correction
and may concurrently fine an amount of not less than 5,000 yuan but not more
than 20,000 yuan.

    Article 26  Where anyone violates these Regulations under any of the
following circumstances, the environmental protection department of the
people’s government at county level or above shall order the correction and
may concurrently fine an amount of not less than 5,000 yuan but not more than
100,000 yuan.

    (1) changing the kind(s) of pollutants to be discharged, or increasing the
quantity and density or dismantling or leaving idle pollutant treating
facilities without the approval of the environmental protection department in
the locality and the original examining and approving department; or

    (2) establishing outlets for discharging sewage within the areas
stipulated in the first paragraph of Article 8 of these Regulations.

    Article 27  Where anyone violates these Regulations under any of the
following circumstances, the environmental protection department of the
people’s government at county level or above shall order the correction and
may concurrently fine an amount of not less than 1,000 yuan but not more than
20,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, a fine of not less than 20,000
yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan may be imposed upon.

    (1) discharging toxic and harmful waste water along seashores and beaches
by improper means of dilution or permeation;

    (2) discharging waste water containing high-level or meddle-level
radioactive substance into the sea;

    (3) discharging oils, acid liquid, alkaline liquid or toxic liquid into
the sea;

    (4) discarding medicines and medical instruments having lost efficacy or
use of which is prohibited along seashores and beaches;

    (5) failing to comply with the standards for discharge of pollutants and
the relevant regulations stipulated by the state or the localities when
discharging oil-polluted water, waste water carrying pathogens, heated waste
water, waste water containing low-level radioactive substance, waste water
containing harmful heavy metals or industrial waste water of other types into
the sea, or casting off residual dregs after treatment into the sea; or

    (6) without the approval of the environmental protection department of the
local people’s government at county level or above, piling up, discarding, or
disposing of solid wastes along seashores and beaches, or piling up and
disposing of wastes of other types which have not been approved in the waste
yards and treatment facilities, or piling up wastes containing hypertoxic,
radioactive, soluble or volatile substance out of doors.

    Article 28  Where an enterprise or institution fail to eliminate and
control the pollution within a time limit as stipulated, it shall pay an
amount of two times the fee for excessive discharge, and may be concurrently
fined an amount of not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan
according to the seriousness of damage and loss, or be ordered the suspension
of business or closing down.

    The environmental protection department shall decide on a fine. The
people’s government that decides on a deadline for the elimination and control
of pollution shall decide on the suspension of business or closing down; the
suspension of business or closing down of an enterprise or institution
directly under the jurisdiction of a department under the State Council shall
be subject to the approval of the State Council.

    Article 29  Where anyone fails to pay the fee for excessive discharge
according to the provisions, the environmental protection department of the
people’s government at county level or above shall, in addition to recovering
the fee and a late payment fine, impose a fine of not less than 1,000 yuan but
not more than 10,000 yuan.

    Article 30  Where anyone causes an accident of pollution damage to the
marine environment by land-sourced pollutants and has thereby caused major
economic losses, the environmental protection department of the people’s
government at county level or above shall impose a fine of an amount of
percent 30 of the direct losses but not exceeding a maximum of 200,000 yuan.

    Article 31  The environmental protection department of the people’s
government at county level may decide on a fine of not more than 10,000 yuan
and shall report a fine exceeding 10,000 yuan to the higher level’s
environmental protection department for an approval.

    The environmental protection department of the people’s government at the
level analogous to a city directly under a provincial government may decide on
a fine of not more than 50,000 yuan and shall report a fine exceeding 50,000
yuan to the higher level’s environmental protection department for an approval.

    The environmental protection department of the people’s government at the
level of province, autonomous region and municipality directly under the
central government may decide on a fine of not more than 200,000 yuan.

    All fines shall be handed over to the national treasury and neither
organization nor individual may retain or divide them up.

    Article 32  An organization or individual who has paid a fee for excessive
discharge or has been imposed upon a fine shall not exempted from
responsibilities for eliminating pollution, removing damage and compensation.

    Article 33  If a party involved does not agree with a decision on
administrative penalty, he may, within 15 days as from the date of receiving
the notification on the penalty, apply for reconsideration according to law;
if he does not agree with the decision of consideration, he may, within 15
days as from the date of receiving the decision of consideration, bring a
lawsuit before a people’s court. A party may directly bring a lawsuit before a
people’s court within 15 days as from the date of receiving the notification
on the penalty. If, upon the expiration of the period, the party has not
applied for reconsideration or has neither brought a lawsuit before a people’s
lawsuit nor performed the decision on penalty, the department that imposed the
penalty shall apply to the people’s court for compulsory enforcement.

    Article 34  Where a staff member of the environmental protection
department abuses his powers, neglects his duties or engages in malpractice
for his personal interests, the department to which he belongs or the higher
level’s department shall impose disciplinary sanction upon him; if a crime has
been constituted, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility
according to law.

    Article 35  The people’s governments of the coastal provinces, autonomous
regions and municipalities directly under the central government may
formulated measures for the implementation in accordance with these
Regulations.

    Article 36  The environmental protection department under the State
Council shall be responsible for the interpretation of these Regulations.

    Article 37  These Regulations shall come into force as of August 1, 1990.






CIRCULAR OF THE STATE COUNCIL CONCERNING THE QUARANTINE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR ANIMAL PRODUCTS LEAVING CHINA FOR TRADE PURPOSE

Category  AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND METEOROLOGY Organ of Promulgation  The State Council Status of Effect  In Force
Date of Promulgation  1991-11-15 Effective Date  1991-11-15  


Circular of the State Council Concerning the Quarantine Control System for Animal Products Leaving China for Trade Purpose

(November 15, 1991)

    The “Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Entry and Exit Animal
and Plant Quarantine” has already adopted at the 22nd Meeting of the Standing
Committee of the Seventh National People’s Congress, and shall enter into
force as of April 1, 1992. Article 3 of the Law stipulates: “The organ in
charge of the quarantine of animal products leaving China for trade purpose
shall be designated by the State Council as it deems appropriate.” The State
Council maintains that, from a long-term point of view, it is more appropriate
for the agricultural department to exercise a unified administration over the
quarantine of animal products leaving China for trade purpose, but this cannot
do without a process. The State Council has, therefore, decided that the
quarantine work of animal products leaving China for trade purpose shall
continue to be undertaken by the State’s department of commodity inspection.






MEASURES OF THE GENERAL ADMINISTRATION OF CUSTOMS OF THE PEOPL’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON ADMINISTRATION OF THE BOND OF MATERIALS IMPORTED BY MATERIALS CORPORATIONS FOR ENTERPRISES WITH FOREIGN INVESTMENT

The General Administration of Customs

Measures of the General Administration of Customs of the Peopl’s Republic of China on Administration of the Bond of Materials Imported
by Materials Corporations for Enterprises with Foreign Investment

the General Administration of Customs

March 5, 1991

Article 1

In accordance with “The Customs Law of the People’s Republic of China” and in order to improve materials supply to the enterprises
with foreign investment and to strengthen Customs control, the measures hereof are formulated.

Article 2

The Measures are applicable to the materials corporations supply to enterprises with foreign investment (hereinafter referred to as
materials corporations) that are given the right to manage the bonded cargos listed in Article 5 of the regulations upon approval
by the government department in-charge.

Article 3

The materials corporations shall go through procedures of registration for the record after presenting to the local Customs Office
the documents of approval issued by the government departments in-charge and business licences issued by the industrial and commercial
administrations.

Article 4

The materials corporations shall present to the local Customs Office and a duplicate copy to the General Administration of Customs
a list of the annual plan for imports approved by the government departments in-charge as well the import quotas and the major commodities
for the materials corporations.

Article 5

The Customs shall exercise supervision and control over the bonded materials including raw materials, knock-down parts, parts and
components, elements and devices, fittings, auxiliary materials and fuel which are in short supply in the home market and have to
be imported to meet the needs of enterprises with foreign investment.

When the above-said bonded cargos are imported, they shall be declared at the Customs office upon presenting import contracts, Customs
Declaration of Import Goods and other related declarations and certificates for deferring payment of Customs duties. The bonded cargos
shall be kept in the public bonded storehouses approved by the Customs or the bonded storehouses under the management of the materials
corporations themselves. The Customs shall oversee and control the bonded cargos in accordance with “The Customs Law of the People’s
Republic of China” and “The Measures of the Customs of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of Bonded Storehouses and
Cargos.”

Article 6

Domestically-produced cargos which are supplied to enterprises with foreign investment shall not be allowed to be stored in the bonded
storehouses.

Article 7

When the enterprises with foreign investment purchase the imported cargos stored in the bonded storehouses from the materials corporations,
they shall go through declaration formalities according to provisions on inbound import cargos. Import licences shall be presented
to the Customs for examination in case the cargos are subject to import licences. The enterprises with foreign investment are exempted
from presenting import licences when they purchase the above-said cargos, in case the materials corporations have already delivered
the import licences to the Customs for examination in accordance with the rules and regulations.

If the above-said cargos are materials or parts needed for the execution of contracts on export products, the related enterprises
shall submit to the Customs for examination export contracts, order contracts signed between the enterprises and the materials corporations,
“the Registration Manual” verified and issued by the Customs and triple copy of “the Form of Approval for Material Supply to the
Enterprises with Foreign Investment by Materials Corporations” filled in and signed by the materials corporations. One copy of the
form of approval shall be signed by the Customs and given to the materials corporation for handling delivery of the cargos and completing
the verifying and writing-off formalities; another copy is for the enterprises with foreign investment; and another copy is for the
Customs to place on file to follow verifying and writing-off procedures.

Article 8

Enterprises with foreign investment that are enpost_titled to tax reduction or exemption in their import cargos may also enjoy tax reduction
or exemption when they purchase the same kind of cargos from the material corporations. Those that are not enpost_titled to tax reduction
and exemption shall pay Customs duties and the industrial and commercial consolidated tax for the import link according to the rules
and regulations.

Article 9

The duration is one year for the materials corporations to keep the imported cargos in the bonded store-houses. The corporations may
apply to the Customs for extending the duration in special conditions. But the extension of the duration shall not exceed one year.

The cargos that are beyond the bond timelimit or are surplus to the requirements of enterprises with foreign investment shall be shipped
back out of Chinese territory. The bonded cargos that fail to be shipped back out of the territory beyond the timelimit shall be
handled by the Customs in accordance with Article 21 of “The Customs Law of the People’s Republic of China.”

Article 10

The bonded cargos imported by the materials corporations shall not be sold or transferred to domestic enterprises without approval
by the Customs and the competent economic and trade departments and shall not be exchanged with domestic cargos for use.

Article 11

Any act in violation of those Measures shall be dealt with by the Customs according to the relevant provisions of “The Customs Law
of the People’s Republic of China.”

Article 12

Customs control over the bonded means of production imported by the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone shall be exercised in accordance
with “Provisions on Administration of the Market of Bonded Means of Production in the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone.”

Article 13

The power to interpret the Measures rests with the General Administration of Customs.

Article 14

The Measures shall enter into force on April 1, 1991.



 
The General Administration of Customs
1991-03-05

 







DECISION OF THE STANDING COMMITTEE OF THE NATIONAL PEOPLE’S CONGRESS REGARDING THE REVISION OF ARTICLE 30 AND ARTICLE 31 OF THE THE PROTECTION OF CULTURAL RELICS

Category  CULTURE Organ of Promulgation  The Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress Status of Effect  In Force
Date of Promulgation  1991-06-29 Effective Date  1991-06-29  


Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress Regarding the Revision of Article 30 and Article 31 of the Law
of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics


Appendix:  Article 30 and Article 31 of the Law of the People’s Republic

(Adopted at the 20th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh

National People’s Congress on June 29, 1991, promulgated by Order No. 47 of
the President of the People’s Republic of China on June 29, 1991, and
effective as of the date of promulgation)

    The 20th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National
People’s Congress, having considered the proposal submitted by the State
Council regarding the Draft Amendment to the Law of the People’s Republic of
China on the Protection of Cultural Relics, decides to make the following
revisions of Article 30 and Article 31 of the Law of the People’s Republic of
China on the Protection of Cultural Relics:

    1. The following five items are added to the acts to which administrative
sanctions shall be applicable as provided in Article 30:

    (1) scrawling upon, defiling or mutilating cultural relics under State
protection in not serious manners, or damaging or destroying signs put up in
accordance with the provisions of Article 9 of this Law for places to be
protected as cultural relics, for which the persons involved shall be fined
or instructed to compensate for the losses thus incurred by the public
security  department or by the units to which the cultural relics belong;

    (2) undertaking construction projects within the scope of protection for
a historical and cultural site, in contravention of the provisions of Article
11 of this Law, or constructing buildings or other structures within the area
delimited for the control of construction around a site to be protected for
its historical and cultural value, in contravention of the provisions of
Article 12 of this Law, for which the persons involved shall be instructed by
the departments for urban and rural planning, or by the said departments as
suggested by the departments for cultural administration, to stop the
construction and dismantle the buildings or other structures illegally
constructed, or, shall be fined;

    (3) carrying out such activities as demolition or excavation in the
vicinity of sites to be protected for their historical and cultural value,
thus endangering the safety of the cultural relics, for which the persons
involved shall be stopped from continuing such activities by the public
security department or by the said department as suggested by the departments
for cultural administration, and may concurrently be fined;

    (4) dealing, by agencies of cultural relics, in any cultural relics, the
buying or selling of which is not permitted by the departments for cultural
administration, for which the agencies involved shall, after examination and
verification by the administrative departments for industry and commerce in
conjunction with the departments for cultural administration, have their
illegal earnings confiscated by the administrative departments for industry
and commerce, and may concurrently be fined or shall have the cultural relics
illegally handled confiscated;

    (5) selling or presenting as gifts without permission any cultural relics
in their collection by museums, libraries or like institutions under public
ownership to other museums, libraries and like institutions under public
ownership, for which, the institutions involved shall be instructed by the
departments for cultural administration to recover the cultural relics sold
or presented as gifts and shall have the illegal earnings derived therefrom
confiscated or shall be fined; and the persons in charge and the persons
directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions by the units to
which they belong or their higher authorities.

    Item (2) of Article 30 which reads: “buying or selling cultural relics
without the approval of the departments for cultural administration, for
which the persons involved shall be warned or fined by the departments for
the administration of industry and commerce, and their illegal earnings and
the cultural relics illegally handled by them may be confiscated,” is amended
to read: “buying or selling cultural relics without the approval of the
departments for cultural administration, for which, the persons involved
shall have their illegal earnings derived therefrom and the cultural relics
illegally handled confiscated by the administrative departments for industry
and commerce on their own or as suggested by the departments for cultural
administration, and may concurrently be fined.”

    A new paragraph is added to Article 30 as its second paragraph which
reads: “Anyone who is not satisfied with the administrative sanctions made in
accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph may apply for
reconsideration or bring a lawsuit according to law.”

    2. The following provisions are added to Article 31: (1) “selling or
presenting as gifts without permission any cultural relics in their
collection by museums, libraries or like institutions under public ownership
to any institution not under public ownership or to any individual, for which
the persons in charge and the persons directly responsible shall be
investigated for criminal responsibility by applying mutatis mutandis the
provisions of Article 187 of the Criminal Law;” (2) “functionaries of the
State who, by abusing their power, illegally appropriate any cultural relics
under State protection shall be deemed as embezzlers and punished as such;
those who have caused serious damage or losses to valuable cultural relics
shall be investigated for criminal responsibility by applying mutatis
mutandis the provisions of Article 187 of the Criminal Law.”

    The provisions of the first paragraph of Article 31 regarding the
investigation for criminal responsibility according to law is amended to
read: (1) the wording “smuggling valuable relics out of the country” in
Item (2) is amended to read: “smuggling cultural relics, the export of which
is prohibited by the State;” (2) a new item is added, which reads:
“excavating and robbing sites of ancient culture or ancient tombs.”

    The second paragraph of Article 31, which reads: “those who excavate
sites of ancient culture or ancient tombs without permission are punishable
for larceny”, is deleted.

    The third paragraph of Article 31, which reads: “those who sell valuable
cultural relics in private collections to foreigners without permission are
punishable for smuggling valuable cultural relics out of the country,” is
amended to read: “Any organization or individual who, without permission,
sells or presents as a gift to a foreigner any valuable cultural relics in
its, his or her collection, the export of which is prohibited by the State,
shall be deemed as smuggler and punished as such.”

    This Decision shall take effect as of the date of its promulgation.

    Article 30 and Article 31 of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on
the Protection of Cultural Relics shall be republished after being
correspondingly amended according to this Decision.
Appendix:  Article 30 and Article 31 of the Law of the People’s Republic
of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics

    (Amended according to the Decision Regarding the Revision of Article 30
and Article 31 of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection
of Cultural Relics adopted at the 20th Meeting of the Standing Committee of
the Seventh National People’s Congress on June 29, 1991)

    Article 30  Administrative sanctions shall be applied to those who have
committed any of the following acts:

    (1) scrawling upon, defiling or mutilating cultural relics under State
protection in not serious manners, or damaging or destroying signs put up in
accordance with the provisions of Article 9 of this Law for places to be
protected as cultural relics, for which the persons involved shall be fined
or instructed to compensate for the losses thus incurred by the public
security  department or by the units to which the cultural relics belong;

    (2) hiding cultural relics discovered underground, in inland waters, in
territorial seas or in other places and failing to report and deliver them to
the State,for which the persons involved shall be warned or fined by the
public security department and the cultural relics illegally acquired by them
shall be recovered;

    (3) undertaking construction projects within the scope of protection for
a historical and cultural site, in contravention of the provisions of
Article 11 of this Law, or constructing buildings or other structures within
the area delimited for the control of construction around a site to be
protected for its historical and cultural value, in contravention of the
provisions of Article  12 of this Law, for which the persons involved shall
be instructed by the departments for urban or rural planning on their own, or
by the said departments as suggested by the departments for cultural
administration, to stop the construction and dismantle the buildings or other
structures illegally constructed, or, shall be fined;

    (4) carrying out such activities as demolition or excavation in the
vicinity of sites to be protected for their historical and cultural value,
thus endangering the safety of the cultural relics, for which the persons
involved shall be stopped from continuing such activities by the public
security department or by the said department as suggested by the departments
for cultural administration, and may concurrently be fined;

    (5) buying or selling cultural relics without the approval of the
departments for cultural administration, for which, the persons involved
shall have their illegal earnings derived therefrom and the cultural relics
illegally handled confiscated by the administrative departments for industry
and commerce on their own or as suggested by the departments for cultural
administration, and may concurrently be fined;

    (6) dealing, by agencies of cultural relics, in any cultural relics, the
buying or selling of which is not permitted by the departments for cultural
administration, for which the agencies involved shall, after examination and
verification by the administrative departments for industry and commerce in
conjunction with the departments for cultural administration, have their
illegal earnings confiscated by the administrative departments for industry
and commerce, and may concurrently be fined or shall have the cultural relics
illegally handled confiscated;

    (7) selling cultural relics in private collections to foreigners without
permission, for which the persons involved shall be fined by the
administrative departments for industry and commerce, and the cultural relics
in question and the illegal earnings derived therefrom may also be
confiscated;

    (8) selling or presenting as gifts without permission any cultural relics
in their collection by museums, libraries or like institutions under public
ownership to other museums, libraries and like institutions under public
ownership, for which, the institutions involved shall be instructed by the
departments for cultural administration to recover the cultural relics sold
or presented as gifts and shall have the illegal earnings derived therefrom
confiscated or shall be fined; and the persons in charge and the persons
directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions by the units to
which they belong or their higher authorities.

    Anyone who is not satisfied with the administrative sanctions made in
accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph may apply for
reconsideration or bring a lawsuit according to law.

    Article 31  Persons who commit any of the following acts shall be
investigated for criminal responsibility according to law:

    (1) misappropriating or stealing cultural relics of the State;

    (2) smuggling cultural relics, the export of which is prohibited by the
State, or serious cases of speculation in cultural relics;

    (3) wilful damage of valuable cultural relics or places of cultural and
historical interest under State protection;

    (4) excavating and robbing sites of ancient culture or ancient tombs; or

    (5) damage of, or losses to valuable cultural relics caused by the
dereliction of duty on the part of State functionaries.

    Selling or presenting as gifts without permission any cultural relics in
their collection by museums, libraries or like institutions under public
ownership to any institution not under public ownership or to any individual,
for which the persons in  charge and the persons directly responsible shall
be investigated for criminal responsibility by applying mutatis mutandis the
provisions of Article 187 of the Criminal Law.

    State functionaries who, by abusing their power, illegally appropriate
any cultural relics under State protection shall be deemed as embezzlers and
punished as such; those who have caused serious damage of or losses to
valuable cultural relics shall be investigated for criminal responsibility by
applying mutatis mutandis the provisions of Article 187 of the Criminal Law.

    Any organization or individual who, without permission, sells or presents
as a gift to a foreigner any valuable cultural relics in its, his or her
collection, the export of which is prohibited by the State, shall be deemed
as smuggler and punished as such.

    Personnel in charge of cultural relics who steal cultural relics placed
under their care shall be given heavier punishment according to law.






CIRCULAR OF THE STATE COUNCIL CONCERNING THE FURTHER OPENING UP OF HEIHE CITY AND THREE OTHER FRONTIER CITIES

Category  SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES AND COASTAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ZONES Organ of Promulgation  The State Council Status of Effect  In Force
Date of Promulgation  1992-03-09 Effective Date  1992-03-09  


Circular of the State Council Concerning the Further Opening up of Heihe City and Three Other Frontier Cities



(March 9, 1992)

    The State Council has decided to further open to the outside world the
following four frontier cities: Heihe City and Suifenhe City in Heilongjiang
Province, Hunchun City in Jilin Province and Manzhouli City in the Inner
Mongolia Autonomous Region.

    After the further opening of the aforesaid four frontier cities, they are
expected to expand actively frontier trade and local trade with Russia and
other countries in the Commonwealth of Independent States; to develop economic
cooperation in various forms such as investment cooperation, technical
exchange, service cooperation and so on; and to make reasonable use of local
advantages to develop manufacturing industries and tertiary industries so as
to promote the prosperity and stability of frontier areas.

    The four frontier cities shall carry out following policies:

    1. With respect to the frontier trades and foreign economic cooperation,
the aforesaid four cities shall implement the “Suggestions Concerning the
Vigorous Development of Frontier Trades and Economic Cooperation for Promoting
the Prosperity and Stability of Frontier Areas” which was approved by the
State Council in 1991, and other related stipulations of the state. The
provinces and the autonomous region may, within the limits of their own
authorities, vest the people’s governments of those four cities with certain
authority in administering frontier trade and economic cooperation. Within
these delegated authorities, contracts including frontier trade, manufacturing
and service cooperation and so on, may be examined and approved by these four
cities themselves. The four cities may establish, after being ratified by the
Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation, one or two more frontier
trade companies at the city level.

    2. Encouraging the development of manufacturing trade and foreign
exchange-making agriculture. During the Eighth Five-Year Plan period, import
custom duties and product taxes (or value-added taxes) shall be exempted for
seeds, seed plants, feed and other related technical equipment imported for
developing export-oriented agricultural products, as well as for machinery and
other goods and materials imported by enterprises for manufacturing
export-oriented products or for technical improvement.

    3. The four cities shall actively absorb domestic and foreign investments
so as to accelerate economic development. At present, the first stage is to
lay stress on absorbing investments from the Commonwealth of Independent
States and those from domestic enterprises so as to promote the development of
export trade; and is meanwhile to actively create favorable conditions to
expand the absorption of foreign investment from other countries or areas. The
people’s governments of the related provinces and autonomous region may
extend, within the limit of their respective authority, the limits of power
vested in the people’s governments of the four cities for examining and
approving foreign investment programs. After being approved by local tax
authorities, the enterprise income tax may be levied at the reduced rate of 24
percent for foreign-invested enterprises.

    The investors from the Commonwealth of Independent States are permitted to
include within their total investment value capital goods and other goods or
equipment as contributing investments. These goods may be sold in accordance
with the frontier trade bartering stipulations and shall be granted a 50
percent reduction in import custom duties and consolidated industrial and
commercial tax.

    4. The aforesaid four cities may set aside certain areas within the
administrative region of each city so as to set up frontier economic
cooperation zones. With the intent of attracting investment from inland
enterprises, each city may establish manufacturing enterprises and relevant
tertiary industries, whose products are to be exported to countries within the
Commonwealth of Independent States. The specific limits of the frontier
economic cooperation zones shall be examined and decided by the Office for
Specific Economic Zones under the State Council in conjunction with other
departments concerned.

    5. Those industrial enterprises in the frontier economic cooperation zones
which have a cooperation agreement with other domestic industrial enterprises
and which have a production capacity and export figures over certain amounts,
may be granted licenses for engaging in import from and export to the
Commonwealth of Independent States after the approval by the Ministry of
Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation. The specific standards of permitted
import and export amounts shall be decided by the Ministry of Foreign Trade
and Economic Cooperation after a study. Enterprise income tax for the
aforesaid enterprises shall be levied at a reduced rate of 24 percent locally.
Investors in the aforesaid enterprises who bring their share of profits back
to other inland regions, shall have 9 percent more income tax collected by the
tax authorities of those inland regions. The investment direction adjustment
tax shall be exempted within the period of the Eighth Five-Year Plan of the
national economy.

    6. Goods which are obtained by the aforesaid enterprises and the
foreign-invested enterprises located in the frontier economic cooperation
zones through barter trade with countries in the Commonwealth of Independent
States may be sold without authorization, and a 50 percent reduction of
customs duties and consolidated industrial and commercial taxes shall be
granted at the time of their importation. As to those commodities whose
imports are limited by the State, the enterprises shall go through the
examination and approval procedures in accordance with related stipulations by
the State.

    7. With respect to machinery, equipment and other construction goods which
must be imported for the construction of the necessary infrastructure within
the frontier economic cooperation zones, import customs duties and product
taxes (or value-added taxes) may be exempted. Within the period of the Eighth
Five-Year Plan, the newly increased fiscal revenue in the frontier economic
cooperation zones may be left with the localities and used for the
construction of the necessary infrastructure.

    8. Within the period of the Eighth Five-Year Plan, the People’s Bank of
China shall arrange forty million yuan (ten million yuan for each city) in
special fixed assets loans each year, which shall be used for the development
of the frontier economic cooperation zones. This shall be listed in the state
credit and investment plan.

    The people’s governments of Heilongjiang Province, Jilin Province and the
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region shall strengthen their leadership role
towards the four cities, and shall help them to perfect overall planning of
development. The scale of construction in the four cities must be appropriate
to the feasibility of development, and over-ambitious development plans must
be abandoned. While expanding the opening to the outside world and speeding up
economic construction, the four cities shall strengthen the building of a
socialist society with an advanced culture and ideology, strengthen economic
management and control, and ensure the security and stability in frontier
areas as well as the healthy development of various undertakings.






REGULATIONS ON CONTROL OF OUTBOUND AND INBOUND LUGGAGE AND ARTICLES CARRIED BY CHINESE CITIZENS

Regulations of the PRC on Control of Outbound and Inbound Luggage and Articles Carried by Chinese Citizens

     (Effective Date:1992.06.01–Ineffective Date:)

   Article 1. These regulations are formulated in accordance with relevant provisions of “The Customs Law of the People’s Republic of China” and
“Procedures of the Customs of the People’s Republic of China for Controlling Inbound and Outbound Luggage and Articles Carried by
Passengers”.

   Article 2. Chinese citizens mentioned in these regulations refer to Chinese who reside in China and enter and exit of China through passports
for private affairs signed and issued by Chinese public security departments.

   Article 3. Clearance shall be given by the Customs, upon duty levying or exemption according to Customs provisions, to items and amounts of
inbound luggage and articles within limits as prescribed in the attached “Table of Limits on Articles Carried into China by Chinese
Citizens (Referred hereafter as “Table of Limits”, see Appendix 1) if they are carried by Chinese citizens who have resided continuously
outside China for a year or more before the date of entry.

For articles beyond the limit of duty exemption as prescribed in Items 4 and 5 of the Table of Limits, clearance shall be given to
only one article upon examination and approval by the Customs.

   Article 4. Clearance and exemption shall be given by the Customs to articles within limits as prescribed in Items 1, 2 and 3 of the Table of
Limits which are carried into China by Chinese citizens having resided outside China continuously for less than one year before the
current entry. For articles in Items 4 and 5 of the Table of Limits, clearance shall be given to only one article chosen from among
them after duty payment if Chinese citizens enter China for the first time in each Gregorian-calendar year.

Articles beyond the limit of those taxed and permitted to enter shall not be allowed to come into Chinese territories. Travellers
shall go through procedures to claim and send them out of China on their own within the time limit set by the Customs. The Customs
shall dispose of the articles beyond the time limit.

   Article 5. For travellers under the age of 16 full years, clearance shall be given only to articles necessary for travelling.

   Article 6. Except articles the exit of which is prohibited or restricted by the State, a reasonable amount of luggage and articles carried by
Chinese residents for their own use are allowed to leave Chinese territories.

   Article 7. Articles listed in “Table of Articles Prohibited to Enter or Leave the People’s Republic of China” shall not be carried by Chinese
citizens into or outside of China.

   Article 8. Inbound and outbound luggage and articles carried by personnel holding passports for private affairs or valid passes issued by competent
Chinese departments in charge of Hongkong, Macro and Taiwan affairs shall be processed by the Customs pursuant to other related regulations.

Clearance is given only to inbound and outbound luggage and articles necessary for travelling of personnel who hold the above-mentioned
documents and cross Chinese borders with neighbouring countries.

   Article 9. Matters not provided for in these regulations are handled according to related Customs laws and regulations.

   Article 10. The regulations shall come into force as of June 1, 1992.

Appendix 1

TABLE OF LIMITS ON ARTICLES CARRIED INTO CHINA BY CHINESE CITIZENS

Amount

Residing abroad Residing abroad

Item continuously continuously

for more than for less than

one year one year

1. Foodstuffs, clothing

material, clothing, arts

and crafts, ordinary

watches and other

    






CIRCULAR OF THE GENERAL OFFICE OF THE STATE COUNCIL CONCERNING THE COMPLETION OF FORMALITIES CONCERNING RATIFICATION AND APPROVAL OF INTERNATIONAL TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS

Category  FOREIGN AFFAIRS Organ of Promulgation  The General Office of the State Council Status of Effect  In Force
Date of Promulgation  1992-08-12 Effective Date  1992-08-12  


Circular of the General Office of the State Council Concerning the Completion of Formalities Concerning Ratification and Approval
of International Treaties and Agreements



(August 12, 1992)

    The conclusion or accession of international treaties and agreements
constitutes serious work and must strictly conform with the Law of the
People’s Republic of China regarding the Procedure of the Conclusion of
Treaties. To facilitate and ensure the timely completion of formalities
associated with ratification, approval, accession and acceptance of
international treaties and agreements and in conformance with the State
Council’s directives, the following circular requires that:

    1. Concerning international treaties or agreements that are statutorily
required to be submitted to the Standing Committee of the National People’s
Congress for ratification or to the State Council for approval, the relevant
department shall submit these documents within three months of the date of
their signature to the State Council. In the event that the existence of
special circumstances requires a choice of a proper opportunity for
ratification of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress or
for approval of the State Council, the documents may be submitted at a later
date to the State Council provided that the relevant department include with
these documents the reasons for such delay.

    2. Concerning international treaties or agreements that are to be
submitted to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress for
ratification or accession at a date as promised to a foreign party(s), the
relevant department shall submit the documents to the State Council no later
than two and a half months prior to the promised date. Concerning
international treaties or agreements that are to be submitted to the State
Council for approval, accession or acceptance at a date as promised to a
foreign party(s), the relevant department shall submit the documents to the
State Council no later than one and a half months prior to the promised date.
In either case, if by reason of special circumstances or urgent requirements,
submission of these documents within these time period is made impossible, the
relevant department shall consider them as urgent documents by providing
reasons at the time of their submission to the State Council.






LAW OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON SAFETY IN MINES

The Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress

Order of the President of the People’s Republic of China

No.65

The Law of the People’s Republic of China on Safety in Mines which has benn adopted at 28th session of the Standing Committee of the
7th National People’s Congress on November 7, 1992 is promulgated now, and shall enter into force as of May 1, 1993.

President of the People’s Republic of China: Yang Shangkun

November 7, 1992

Law of the People’s Republic of China on Safety in Mines ContentsChapter I General Provisions

Chapter II Guarantees for Satefy in Mine Construction

Chapter III Guarantees for Safety in Exploitation of Mines

Chapter IV Safety Managment of Mining Enterprises

Chapter V Supervision and Control over Safety inMines

Chapter VI Disposition of Accidents in Mines

Chapter VII Legal Responsibilities

Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1

This Law is formulated for the purpose of ensuring safety in production in mines, preventing accidents and protecting personal safety
of workers and staff at mines and promoting the development of mining industry.

Article 2

All activities relating to exploitation of mineral resources conducted within the boundaries of the People’s Republic of China, as
well as in other sea areas under its jurisdiction must comply with this Law.

Article 3

Mining enterprises must possess facilities that ensure safety in production, establish and perfect the system of safety management,
take effective measures to improve the working conditions for workers and staff and strengthen the work of safety control in mines
in order to ensure safe production.

Article 4

The competent departments of labour administration under the State Council shall exercise unified supervision over the work of safety
control throughout the country.

The competent departments of labour administration of the local people’s governments at or above the county level shall exercise unified
supervision over the work of safety control in mines within their respective administrative regions.

The authorities in charge of mining enterprises under the people’s governments at or above the county level shall administer safety
work in mines.

Article 5

The State shall encourage research in science and technology relating to safety in mines, popularize advanced technology, improve
safety facilities and enhance the level of safe production in mines.

Article 6

Units and individuals that have make outstanding achievements in persistent safe production in mines, prevention of accidents, participation
in rescue work at mines and scientific and technological research relating to safety in mines shall be awarded.

Chapter II Guarantees for Satefy in Mine Construction

Article 7

Safety facilities in mine construction projects must be designed, constructed and put into operation and use at the same time with
the principal parts of the projects.

Article 8

The design papers for mine construction projects must comply with the safety rules and technological standards for mining industry
and shall, according to regulations of the State, be subject to the approval of the authorities in charge of mining enterprises;
those failing to comply with the safety rules and technological standards for mining industry may not be approved.

The designs of safety facilities in mine construction projects must be examined with the participation of the competent department
of labour administration.

The safety rules and technological standards for mining industry shall be formulated by the authorities in charge of mining enterprises
under the State Council.

Article 9

The following items in mining designs must comply with the safety rules and technological standards for mining industry:

(1)

ventilation system of the shaft, and quantity, quality and speed of underground air;

(2)

slope angles of an opencast mine and the width and height of its steps;

(3)

electricity supply system;

(4)

hoisting and transportation systems;

(5)

water control and drainage systems and fire control and fire- extinguishing systems;

(6)

gas control system and dust control system;

(7)

other items concerning safety in mines.

Article 10

Each underground mine must have at least two walkable safety outlets and the direct horizontal distance between such outlets must
comply with the safety rules and technological standards for mining industry.

Article 11

Mines must have transportation and communication facilities that link the mines with the outside and meet safety requirements.

Article 12

Mine construction projects must be constructed in accordance with the design papers approved by the authorities in charge of mining
enterprises.

Upon completion, the safety facilities in mine construction projects shall be subject to inspection for acceptance by the authorities
in charge of mining enterprises, with participation of the competent department of labour administration; those failing to comply
with the safety rules and technological standards for mining industry may not pass inspection for acceptance, and may not be put
into operation.

Chapter III Guarantees for Safety in Exploitation of Mines

Article 13

For exploitation of mines, requirements that ensure safe production must be met, and the safety rules and technological standards
for mining industry corresponding to the exploitation of different types of minerals must be observed.

Article 14

Mine pillars and rock pillars to be preserved as specified in the mining designs shall, within the prescribed period of time, be protected
and may not be exploited or damaged.

Article 15

Equipments, apparatus, protective appliances and safety testing instruments used in mines with special safety requirements must comply
with the national safety standards or safety standards of the mining industry; those failing to comply with the national safety standards
or safety standards of the mining industry shall not be put into use.

Article 16

Mining enterprises must regularly carry out inspection, maintenance and repair of mechanical and electrical equipments and protective
installations thereof, as well as safety testing instruments, so as to ensure safe operation.

Article 17

Mining enterprises inspect the poisonous and harmful substances at the work sites and the percentage of oxygen in underground air
to ensure that they meet safety requirements.

Article 18

Mining enterprises must adopt preventive measures against the following hidden dangers of accidents that jeopardize safety:

(1)

roof falling, slabbing, slope sliding, and surface collapsing;

(2)

gas blast and coal dust explosion;

(3)

bumps, gas outburst and blowout;

(4)

fire and flood on surface and underground;

(5)

perils arising from demolition apparatus and demolition operations;

(6)

perils caused by dust, poisonous and harmful gases, radioactive and other harmful substances; and

(7)

other perils.

Article 19

Mining enterprises shall take preventive measures against perils that may arise out of using mechanical and electrical equipment,
soil tips, mine tips, dams and lagoons, as well as from disused mine pits.

Chapter IV Safety Managment of Mining Enterprises

Article 20

Mining enterprises must establish and improve the safe production responsibility system.

Managers of mines shall be responsible for the safe production in their respective enterprises.

Article 21

Managers of mines shall, on a regular basis, report their work on safe production to the corresponding congresses of workers and staff
or assemblies of workers and staff, thus bringing into play the supervisory role of the congresses of workers and staff.

Article 22

Workers and staff of mining enterprises must observe the laws, regulations and enterprise rules concerning safety in mines.

Workers and staff of mining enterprises have the right to make criticisms, reports and charges against any conduct that endangers
safety.

Article 23

Trade unions of mining enterprises shall safeguard, in accordance with the law, the lawful rights and interests of the workers and
staff in relation to safe production, organize the workers and staff to carry out supervision over the safety work of the mines.

Article 24

If a mining enterprise violates any laws or regulations concerning safety, the trade union is enpost_titled to demand that the management
of the enterprise or the department concerned deal with the case seriously.

Meetings held by mining enterprises to discuss matters concerning safe production shall be attended by representatives of trade unions,
and trade unions have the right to advance their opinions and proposals.

Article 25

Where the management of an enterprise gives a command contrary to the established rules and compels workers to operate under unsafe
conditions, or, major hidden dangers of accidents and occupational hazards are found in the course of production the trade union
has the right to put forward proposals for a solution; where the life of the workers and staff is in danger, the trade union has
the right to propose to the management that the workers and staff be evacuated from the dangerous site in an organized manner, and
the management must make a decision without delay.

Article 26

Mining enterprises must give safety education and training to their workers and staff; those who have not received safety education
and training may not take up a post of duty.

Special operators in charge of safe production in mining enterprises must receive special training; they may take up a post of such
duty only after they have obtained a certificate of operation qualification after passing due examination and verification.

Article 27

Managers of mines must prove, through examination, to have special knowledge of safety and the capability of leading safe production
and disposing of accidents in mines.

Personnel in charge of safety work in mining enterprises must possess necessary specialized knowledge of safety and experience in
safety work in mines.

Article 28

Mining enterprises must distribute to their workers and staff labour protective gadgets necessary for guaranteeing safe production.

Article 29

Mining enterprises may not recruit adolescents to engage in underground work.

Mining enterprises shall in accordance with regulations of the State practise special labour protection with respect to women workers
and staff, and may not assign women workers any underground work.

Article 30

Mining enterprises must adopt preventive measures against accidents in mines, and be responsible for their implementation.

Article 31

Mining enterprises shall establish rescue and first-aid groups composed of full-time or part-time personnel and equipped with necessary
equipment and medicine.

Article 32

Mining enterprises must, in accordance with regulations of the State, draw special funds for safety technical measures from the amount
of sales of their mineral products. The special funds for safety technical measures must be used exclusively to improve conditions
of safe production in mines and may not be diverted to any other purposes.

Chapter V Supervision and Control over Safety inMines

Article 33

Competent departments of labour administration of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall exercise the following
supervisory functions and responsibilities with respect to safety work in mines:

(1)

to inspect the implementation of laws and regulations on safety in mines by mining enterprises and the authorities in charge of mining
enterprises;

(2)

to participate in the examination of designs of safety facilities in mine construction projects as well as the inspection for acceptance
upon completion of such projects;

(3)

to inspect the working conditions and state of safety in mines;

(4)

to inspect the work of giving education and training in safety to workers and staff by mining enterprises;

(5)

to supervise the allocation and use of the special funds for safety technical measures by mining enterprises;

(6)

to participate in and supervise investigation and disposition of accidents in mines;

(7)

other supervisory functions and responsibilities provided for in laws and administrative rules and regulations.

Article 34

The authorities in charge of mining enterprises under the people’s governments at or above the county level shall exercise the following
functions and responsibilities with respect to the control of safety work in mines:

(1)

to inspect the implementation of laws and regulations on safety in mines by mining enterprises;

(2)

to examine and approve designs of safety facilities in mine construction projects;

(3)

to be responsible for the inspection for acceptance upon completion of safety facilities in mine construction projects;

(4)

to organize the training of managers of mines and personnel in charge of safety work in mining enterprises;

(5)

to investigate and deal with serious accidents in mines; and

(6)

other controlling functions and responsibilities provided for in laws and administrative rules and regulations.

Article 35

The personnel in charge of mine safety supervision under the competent department of labour administration are enpost_titled to enter mining
enterprises and make on-the-spot inspections on the state of safety; when circumstances of emergency threatening the safety of workers
and staff are discovered, they shall demand a prompt action thereof by the mining enterprise involved.

Chapter VI Disposition of Accidents in Mines

Article 36

In case an accident occurs in a mine, the mining enterprise concerned must organize rescue work immediately so as to prevent the spreading
of the accident and reduce casualties and property losses, and must immediately and truthfully report any accident involving causalities
to the competent department of labour administration and the authorities in charge of mining enterprises.

Article 37

In the case of an ordinary mine accident, the mining enterprise concerned shall be responsible for the investigation and the disposition
thereof.

In the case of a serious mine accident, the relevant government, together with its competent department, the trade union and the mining
enterprise concerned, shall investigate and deal with the case in accordance with the provisions of administrative rules and regulations.

Article 38

Mining enterprises shall, in accordance with regulations of the State, give pensions or compensations for workers and staff members
who died or were injured in accidents in mines.

Article 39

After the occurrence of a mine accident, dangers at the scene shall immediately be eliminated, causes of the accident promptly ascertained
and preventive measures timely devised. Production may be resumed only after dangers at the scene have been eliminated.

Chapter VII Legal Responsibilities

Article 40

Whoever commits any of the acts enumerated below in violation of this Law shall be ordered by the competent department of labour administration
to make a rectification and may concurrently be punished by a fine; if the circumstances are serious, the case shall be submitted
to the people’s government at or above the county level for a decision ordering the suspension of production for a cleaning up; the
person in charge and the person directly responsible shall be subjected to administrative sanctions by the unit to which they belong
or by the competent authorities at higher levels:

(1)

assigning any worker or staff member to a post of duty without due education and training in safety;

(2)

using equipment, apparatus, protective appliances and safety examination and testing instruments manufactured not in compliance with
the national safety standards or safety standards of the industry;

(3)

failing to allocate or use the special funds for safety technical measures in compliance with relevant regulations;

(4)

refusing personnel in charge of safety in mines to make on-the-spot inspections, or concealing hidden dangers of accidents or failing
to truthfully report the situations when being inspected;

(5)

failing to make timely and truthful reports, as prescribed, on accidents at mines.

Article 41

Mine mangers without special knowledge of safety, or specialized operators in charge of safe production taking up a post of duty without
certificates of operation qualifications shall be ordered by the competent department of labour administration to make a rectification
within a fixed period of time; where rectifications are not made upon expiration of the period, the matter shall be submitted to
the relevant people’s government at or above the county level for a decision ordering the suspension of production, and production
may not be resumed until qualified personnel are assigned to such posts after readjustment.

Article 42

Where a mine construction project is started without having the designs of its safety facilities approved, the mining enterprise concerned
shall be ordered by the authorities in charge of mining enterprises to stop the construction; with respect to the mining enterprise
refusing to carry out the order, the matter shall be submitted by the authorities in charge of mining enterprises to the relevant
people’s government at or above the county level for a decision on the rescission of its mining permit and business license by the
competent authorities.

Article 43

Where the safety facilities in a mine construction project are put into operation without having been inspected for acceptance or
without having passed inspection for acceptance, the mining enterprise concerned shall be ordered to stop production by the competent
department of labour administration in conjunction with the authorities in charge of mining enterprises, and shall also be fined
by the competent department of labour administration; with respect to the mining enterprise refusing to stop production, the matter
shall be submitted by the competent department of labour administration to the relevant people’s government at or above the county
level for a decision on the rescission of its mining permit and business license by the competent authorities.

Article 44

Where a mining enterprise already put into operation but without the due conditions for safe production insists on forced exploitation,
it shall be ordered by the competent authorities of labour administration in conjunction with the authorities in charge of mining
enterprises to make improvement within a fixed period of time; with respect to the mining enterprise that still fails to meet the
conditions for safe production upon expiration of the period, the matter shall be submitted by the competent department of labour
administration to the relevant people’s government at or above the county level for a decision on the suspension of production for
the purpose of readjustment or on the rescission of its mining permit and business license by the competent authorities.

Article 45

If any party is not satisfied with the decision on administrative sanctions, it may, within 15 days from receiving the notification
of the decision, apply for reconsideration to the higher authorities next to the one that has made the decision; the party also may
directly bring a suit before a people’s court within 15 days from receiving the notification of the decision.

The authorities responsible for shall make a decision within 60 days from receiving the application for reconsideration. If the party
is not satisfied with the decision, it may bring a suit before a people’s court within 15 days from receiving the decision. If upon
expiration of the time limit, the authorities fail to make a decision, the party may bring a suit before the people’s court within
15 days upon expiration of the period for reconsideration.

If upon expiration of the time period, the party concerned has not applied for reconsideration, nor brought a suit before the people’s
court, nor complied with the decision, the authorities that has made the decision may apply to the people’s court for compulsory
execution.

Article 46

Any responsible person of a mining enterprise who gives command in violation to established regulations and compels workers to carry
out operations at risks, thus causing accidents involving serious causalities, shall be investigated for criminal responsibilities
in accordance with the provisions of Article 114 of the Criminal Law.

Article 47

Any responsible person who fails to take measures with respect to hidden dangers of accidents in a mine, thereby causing accidents
involving serious causalities, shall be investigated for criminal responsibilities by applying mutatis mutandis the provisions of
Article 187 of the Criminal Law.

Article 48

Where any person in charge of safety supervision or safety control in a mine abuses his power, neglects his duty, or practices favoritism
and irregularities, and if the act constitutes a crime, the person concerned shall be investigated for criminal responsibilities
in accordance with the law; if the act does not constitute a crime, administrative sanctions shall be given.

Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions

Article 49

Regulations for implementation shall be formulated by the competent department of labour administration under the State Council in
accordance with this Law, and the regulations formulated shall be submitted to the State Council for approval before implementation.

The standing committees of the people’s congresses of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central
Government may, in accordance with this Law and in light of the actual conditions of their respective areas, draw up measures of
implementation.

Article 50

This Law shall enter into force as of May 1, 1993.



 
The Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress
1992-11-07

 







MINERAL RESOURCES LAW

Mineral Resources Law of the People’s Republic of China

    

(Adopted at the 15th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People’s Congress on March 19, 1986, and revised in accordance
with the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on Revising the Mineral Resources Law of the People’s
Republic of China adopted at the 21st Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People’s Congress on August 29, 1996)

CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS

CHAPTER II REGISTRATION FOR EXPLORATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES AND EXAMINATION AND APPROVAL OF MINING

CHAPTER III EXPLORATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES

CHAPTER IV MINING OF MINERAL RESOURCES

CHAPTER V COLLECTIVELY-OWNED MINING ENTERPRISES AND PRIVATELY-OWNED MINING UNDERTAKINGS

CHAPTER VI LEGAL LIABILITY

CHAPTER VII SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS

   Article 1 This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China, with a view to developing the mining industry,
promoting the exploration, development, utilization and protection of mineral resources and ensuring the present and long-term needs
of the socialist modernization programme.

   Article 2 This Law must be observed in exploring and mining mineral resources within the territory of the People’s Republic of China and the
marine areas under its jurisdiction.

   Article 3 Mineral resources belong to the State. The rights of State ownership in mineral resources is exercised by the State Council. State
ownership of mineral resources, either near the earth’s surface or underground, shall not change with the alteration of ownership
or right to the use of the land which the mineral resources are attached to.

The State safeguards the rational development and utilization of mineral resources. Seizing or damaging mineral resources by any means
and by any organization or individual shall be prohibited. People’s governments at various levels must make serious efforts to protect
mineral resources.

Anyone who wishes to explore or mine mineral resources shall separately make an application according to law and shall register after
obtaining the right of exploration or mining upon approval, with the exception of the mining enterprises that have, in accordance
with law, applied for and obtained the right of mining and are conducting exploration within the designated mining area for the purpose
of their own production. The State protects the right of exploration and of mining from encroachment and protects the order of production
and other work in the mining and exploration areas from interference and disruption.

Anyone engaged in exploring and mining of mineral resources shall meet the prescribed qualifications.

   Article 4 The State protects the lawful rights and interests of mining enterprises, established in accordance with law, in mining of mineral
resources.

The State-owned mining enterprises are the mainstay in mining mineral resources. The State guarantees the consolidation and expansion
of State-owned mining enterprises.

   Article 5 The State practises a system wherein the exploration right and mining right shall be obtained with compensation; however, the State
may, in light of specific conditions, prescribe reduction of or exemption from the compensation for acquiring the exploration right
and mining right. Specific measures and implementation procedures shall be formulated by the State Council.

Anyone who mines mineral resources must pay resource tax and resource compensation in accordance with relevant regulations of the
State.

   Article 6 Exploration right and mining right shall not be transferred except for the transfers made according to the following provisions:

(1) The exploration licensees shall have the right to carry out specified explorations within the designated exploration areas and
have the priority to obtain the right to mine the mineral resources in the exploration areas. The exploration licensees, after fulfilling
the specified minimum input to exploration and obtaining approval in accordance with law, may transfer the exploration right to another.

(2) A mining enterprise that has obtained the mining right but needs to change the subject of the mining right, because of merger,
division, forming of an equity joint venture or contractual joint venture, sale of its assets, or change of ownership of its assets
in other manners, may transfer its mining right to another, subject to approval in accordance with law.

The specific measures and implementation procedures concerning the provisions in the preceding paragraph shall be stipulated by the
State Council.

Profiteering in exploration right or mining right shall be prohibited.

   Article 7 With regard to the exploration and development of mineral resources, the State applies the principles of unified planning, rational
geographical distribution, multi-purpose exploration, rational mining and multi-purpose utilization.

   Article 8 The State encourages scientific and technological research on the exploration and development of mineral resources, promotes advanced
technology so as to raise the scientific and technological level of mineral exploration and development.

   Article 9 Any organization or individual that has achieved outstanding successes in the exploration, development and protection of mineral
resources and in scientific and technological research shall be awarded by relevant people’s government.

   Article 10 In mining mineral resources in national autonomous areas, the State should give consideration to the interests of those areas and
make arrangements favourable to the areas’ economic development and to the production and well-being of the local minority nationalities.

Self-government organs in national autonomous areas shall, in accordance with legal provisions and unified national plans, have the
priority to develop and utilize in a rational manner the mineral resources that may be developed by the local authorities.

   Article 11 The department in charge of geology and mineral resources under the State Council shall be responsible for supervision and administration
of the exploration and mining of the mineral resources throughout the country. Other relevant competent departments under the State
Council shall assist the department in charge of geology and mineral resources under the State Council in supervising and administering
the exploration and mining of the mineral resources.

The departments in charge of geology and mineral resources under the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities
directly under the Central Government shall be in charge of supervision and administration of the exploration and mining of the mineral
resources within their respective administrative areas. Other relevant departments under the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous
regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall assist the departments in charge of geology and mineral resources
at the corresponding levels in supervising and administering the exploration and mining of the mineral resources.

CHAPTER II REGISTRATION FOR EXPLORATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES AND EXAMINATION AND APPROVAL OF MINING

   Article 12 The State practises a unified regional registration system for exploration of mineral resources. The department in charge of geology
and mineral resources under the State Council shall be responsible for the registration of exploration of mineral resources. The
State Council may authorize other relevant competent departments to handle the registration of exploration of specified minerals.
Measures for regional registration of exploration of mineral resources shall be formulated by the State Council.

   Article 13 The department in charge of examination and approval of mineral reserves under the State Council or departments in charge of examination
and approval of mineral reserves of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall
be responsible for the examination and approval of the prospecting reports to be used for mining construction designing and shall,
within the prescribed time limit, give official replies to the units that submitted the reports. Unless it is approved, a prospecting
report may not be used as the basis for mining construction designing.

   Article 14 Archives of mineral exploration results and statistical data of reserves of various minerals shall be subject to unified management,
and shall be collected or compiled for submission in accordance with the regulations of the State Council.

   Article 15 Anyone who wishes to establish a mining enterprise must meet the qualifications prescribed by the State, and the department in charge
of examination and approval shall, in accordance with law and relevant State regulations examine the enterprise’s mining area, its
mining design or mining plan, production and technological conditions and safety and environmental protection measures. Only those
that pass the examination shall be granted approval.

   Article 16 Anyone who wishes to mine the following mineral resources shall be subject to examination and approval by the department in charge
of geology and mineral resources under the State Council, which shall also issue a mining license:

(1) those within the mining areas embraced in State plans or within the mining areas which are of great value to the national economy;

(2) those outside the areas mentioned in the preceding sub-paragraph, and where the minerable mineral reserves are at least of a large
quantity;

(3) specified minerals of which protective mining is prescribed by the State;

(4) those in the territorial seas and other sea areas under China’s jurisdiction; and

(5) other mineral resources as prescribed by the State Council.

The competent departments authorized by the State Council may conduct examination of and grant approval to mining of such specified
minerals as oil, natural gas, radioactive minerals and issue mining licenses.

The mining of mineral resources that are not covered by the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 and the mineable reserves of which are
of medium quantity shall be subject to examination and approval by the departments in charge of geology and mineral resources under
the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, which shall issue
mining licenses.

Measures for the administration of the mining of mineral resources not covered by the provisions of paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 shall be
formulated by the standing committees of the people’s congresses of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under
the Central Government according to law.

Where examination and approval are conducted and mining licenses are issued under the provisions of paragraph 3 and paragraph 4, the
departments in charge of geology and mineral resources under the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities
directly under the Central Government shall collect the cases and submit them to the department in charge of geology and mineral
resources under the State Council for the record.

The standards for large and medium quantities of mineral reserves shall be formulated by the department in charge of examination and
approval of mineral reserves under the State Council.

   Article 17 The State institutes a policy of planned mining with regard to mining areas that are embraced in State plans, mining areas that are
of great value to the national economy and the specified minerals of which protective mining is prescribed by the State. Unless approved
by the competent department under the State Council, no unit or individual may carry out such mining.

   Article 18 After the limits for the mining areas that are embraced in State plans, the limits for mining areas that are of great value to the
national economy, and the limits for mining areas of mining enterprises have been defined according to law, the competent departments
that defined the limits of the mining areas shall notify the relevant people’s governments at the county level to announce them.

If a mining enterprise wishes to change the limits of its mining area, it must apply to the department that examined or approved of
the limits for approval and apply to the department that issued the mining license for reissue of a mining license after verification.

   Article 19 The local people’s governments at various levels shall adopt measures to maintain normal order in the mining areas of State-owned
mining enterprises and other mining enterprises within their respective administrative areas.

No unit or individual may enter and carry out mining in the mining areas of a State-owned mining enterprise or other mining enterprise
that was established according to law.

   Article 20 Unless approved by the competent departments authorized by the State Council, no one may mine mineral resources in the following
places:

(1) within delimited areas of harbours, airports and national defence projects or installations;

(2) within a certain distance from important industrial districts, largescale water conservancy works or municipal engineering installations
of cities and towns;

(3) within certain limits on both sides of railways and important highways;

(4) within certain limits on both sides of important rivers and embankments;

(5) nature reserves and important scenic spots designated by the State, major sites of immovable historical relics and places of historical
interest and scenic beauty that are under State protection; and

(6) other areas where mineral mining is prohibited by the State.

   Article 21 If a mine is to be closed down, a report must be prepared with information about the mining operations, hidden dangers, land reclamation
and utilization, and environmental protection, and an application for examination and approval must be filed in accordance with relevant
State regulations.

   Article 22 If, in the course of mineral exploration or mining, rare geological phenomena or ancient cultural remains of significant scientific
and cultural value are discovered, they shall be protected and reported immediately to the relevant departments.

CHAPTER III EXPLORATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES

   Article 23 Regional geological surveys shall be carried out in accordance with the unified State plan. Reports on regional geological surveys
and the appended maps and other data shall be examined for acceptance in accordance with State regulations and then provided to relevant
departments for use.

   Article 24 In conducting a general survey of mineral resources, after completing survey of the major minerals, a preliminary comprehensive assessment
shall be made of the minerogenetic conditions involving all paragenetic or associated minerals and of the industrial perspective
of the mineral deposits in the area being surveyed.

   Article 25 In prospecting for mineral deposits, a comprehensive assessment of the paragenetic and associated minerals of commercial value within
the mining area must be made and their reserves calculated. Any prospecting report without such comprehensive assessment shall not
be approved. However, an exception shall be made of those mineral deposits for which the planning department under the State Council
has made other stipulations.

   Article 26 In conducting general surveys and prospecting for special fragile nonmetallic minerals, fluid minerals, combustible, explosive and
soluble minerals and minerals containing radioactive elements, methods prescribed by the relevant departments under the people’s
governments at or above the provincial level must be used, and necessary technical installations must be provided and safety measures
applied.

   Article 27 The original geological record, maps and other data of mineral exploration, rock cores, test samples, specimens of other material
objects, and various exploration marks shall be protected and preserved in accordance with relevant regulations.

   Article 28 Prospecting reports on mineral deposits and other valuable exploration data shall be provided for use with compensation in accordance
with the regulations of the State Council.

CHAPTER IV MINING OF MINERAL RESOURCES

   Article 29 In mining mineral resources, a mining enterprise must adopt rational mining sequence and methods and proper ore-dressing technique.
It shall see to it that the recovery rate and impoverishment rate in mining and recovery rate in ore-dressing meet the design requirements.

   Article 30 While mining major minerals, a mining enterprise shall, in accordance with a unified plan, carry out comprehensive mining and utilization
of paragenetic and associated minerals that are of industrial value, so as to avoid waste. It shall adopt effective protective measures
to avoid loss and damage to ores that cannot be mined in a comprehensive way or that must be mined simultaneously but cannot be comprehensively
utilized for the time being, and to tailings containing useful components.

   Article 31 In mining mineral resources, a mining enterprise or individual must abide by State regulations regarding labour, safety and health
and have the necessary conditions to ensure safety in production.

   Article 32 In mining mineral resources, a mining enterprise or individual must observe the legal provisions on environmental protection to prevent
pollution of the environment.

In mining mineral resources, a mining enterprise or individual must economize on the use of land. In case cultivated land, grassland
or forest land is damaged due to mining, the mining enterprise concerned shall take measures to utilize the land affected, such as
by reclamation, tree and grass planting, as appropriate to the local conditions.

Anyone who, in mining mineral resources, causes losses to the production and well-being of other persons shall be liable for compensation
and shall adopt necessary remedial measures.

   Article 33 Before the construction of railways, factories, reservoirs, oil pipelines, transmission lines and various large structures or architectural
complexes, the units responsible for the construction must obtain information from the departments in charge of geology and mineral
resources under the local people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central government
about the geographical distribution and mining of the mineral resources in the areas where the construction projects are to be built.
Those projects shall not be constructed over important mineral deposits unless approved by departments authorized by the State Council.

   Article 34 Mineral products to be purchased exclusively by designated units, as prescribed by the State Council, may not be purchased by any
other units or individuals; mining enterprises and individuals shall not sell their products to non-designated units.

CHAPTER V COLLECTIVELY-OWNED MINING ENTERPRISES AND PRIVATELY-OWNED

   Article 35 The State applies the principles of vigorous support, rational planning, correct guidance and effective administration with regard
to collectively-owned mining enterprises and privately-owned mining undertakings. It encourages collectively-owned mining enterprises
to mine mineral resources within the areas designated by the State, and permits individuals to mine scattered and dispersed mineral
resources, as well as sand, stone and clay that can only be used as ordinary building materials, and small amounts of minerals for
their own use in daily life.

Mineral resources that are suited to mining by mining enterprises in terms of the quantity of reserves, specified minerals of which
protective mining is prescribed by the State, and other mineral resources of which mining by individuals is prohibited by the State
shall not be mined by individuals.

The State provides guidance and assistance to collectively-owned mining enterprises and privately-owned mining undertakings in unceasingly
raising their technical level and in increasing utilization rate of the mineral resources and the economic results.

Departments in charge of geology and mineral resources, geological units and State-owned mining enterprises shall, on the principles
of vigorous support and mutual benefit, provide, with compensation, geological data and technical services to collectively-owned
mining enterprises and privately-owned mining undertakings.

   Article 36 Existing collectively-owned mining enterprises, located within the mining area of a mining enterprise to be established with the
approval of the State Council or the relevant competent departments under the State Council, shall be closed down or shall conduct
mining in other designated areas. The unit that undertakes to open the mine shall give rational compensation to the said collectively-owned
mining enterprises and make appropriate arrangements for the masses involved. Or else, according to its overall arrangement, the
mining enterprise may also enter into joint operation with the said collectively-owned mining enterprises.

   Article 37 Collectively-owned mining enterprises and privately-owned mining undertakings shall raise their technical level and increase the
recovery rate of the mineral resources. Unauthorized and wasteful mining, which is destructive to mineral resources, shall be prohibited.

Collectively-owned mining enterprises must survey and draw maps showing the correlation between surface and underground workings.

   Article 38 People’s governments at or above the county level shall provide guidance and assistance to collectively-owned mining enterprises
and privately-owned mining undertakings in carrying out technological updating, improving business management and ensuring safety
in production.

   Article 39 If a person, in violation of the provisions of this Law, mines without a mining license, enters and mines without authorization in
a mining area that is embraced in State plan or a mining area that is of great value to the development of the national economy or
mines without authorization specified minerals of which protective mining is prescribed by the State, he shall be ordered to stop
mining, compensate for the losses caused, and his mineral products and unlawful proceeds shall be confiscated, and he may also be
fined. If he refuses to stop mining and thus causes damage to the mineral resources, the persons who are directly responsible shall
be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the provisions of Article 156 of the Criminal Law.

Any units or individuals who enter and mine in the mining areas of State-owned mining enterprises and other mining enterprises established
by others in accordance with law shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

   Article 40 If a person mines beyond the approved limits of his mining area, he shall be ordered to return to and mine in his own area and compensate
for the losses caused, and the mineral products extracted outside his area and his unlawful proceeds shall be confiscated, and he
may also be fined. If he refuses to return to his own mining area and causes damage to the mineral resources, his mining license
shall be revoked and the persons directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the provisions
of Article 156 of the Criminal Law.

   Article 41 If a person steals or plunders mineral products or other property of mining enterprises or exploration units, damages mining or exploration
facilities, or disrupts order in production and other work in mining areas or areas under exploration, he shall be investigated for
criminal responsibility in accordance with relevant provisions of the Criminal Law; if the case is obviously minor, he shall be punished
in accordance with relevant provisions of the Regulations on Administrative Penalties for Public Security.

   Article 42 If a person purchases, sells or leases mineral resources or transfers them by other means, his unlawful proceeds shall be confiscated
and he shall be fined.

If a person, in violation of the provisions of Article 6 of this Law, profiteers in exploration right or mining right, his exploration
or mining license shall be revoked and his unlawful proceeds confiscated, and he shall be fined.

   Article 43 If a person, in violation of the provisions of this Law, purchases or sells mineral products which are to be purchased exclusively
by the State, such products and his unlawful proceeds shall be confiscated, and he may also be fined. If the case is serious, criminal
responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the provisions of Articles 117 and 118 of the Criminal Law.

   Article 44 If a person, in violation of the provisions of this Law, mines mineral resources in a destructive way, he shall be fined and his
mining license may be revoked; if serious damage is caused to the mineral resources, the person who are directly responsible shall
be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the provisions of Article 156 of the Criminal Law.

   Article 45 The administrative penalties prescribed in Articles 39, 40 and 42 of this Law shall be meted out by the department in charge of geology
and mineral resources under the people’s government at or above the county level in accordance with the limits of authority stipulated
by the department in charge of geology and mineral resources under the State Council. The administrative penalties prescribed in
Article 43 shall be meted out by the administrative department for industry and commerce under the people’s government at or above
the county level. The administrative penalties prescribed in Article 44 shall be meted out by the department in charge of geology
and mineral resources under the people’s government of a province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government.
The punishment of revoking the exploration or mining license shall be decided by the department that issued such licenses.

If a department fails to impose administrative penalties that should be imposed in accordance with the provisions of Article 39, 40,
42 or 44, the department in charge of geology and mineral resources under the people’s government at a higher level shall have the
authority to order a correction of such failure or impose the relevant administrative penalties directly by itself.

   Article 46 If a party refuses to accept the decision on administrative penalty, it may, in accordance with law, apply for reconsideration or
file a suit with the People’s Court directly.

If a party, within the time limit neither applies for reconsideration nor files a suit with the People’s Court, or complies with the
decision on punishment, the department that made the decision shall request the People’s Court to enforce the decision.

   Article 47 State functionaries in charge of supervision and administration of exploration and mining of mineral resources or other relevant
State functionaries who commit malpractices for personal gain, abuse their power or neglect their duties, approve exploration and
mining of mineral resources or issue exploration or mining licenses, in violation of this Law, or does not stop illegal mining activities
and punish illegal miners, which constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility; if their acts do not constitute
a crime, administrative penalties shall be given. The department in charge of geology and mineral resources under the people’s government
at a higher level shall have the authority to revoke the exploration and mining licenses illegally issued.

   Article 48 If anyone resorts to violence or intimidation when obstructing State functionaries engaged in supervision and administration of exploration
and mining of mineral resources from performing their duties according to law, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility
in accordance with the provisions of Article 157 of the Criminal Law. If he does not resort to violence or intimidation when obstructing
State functionaries engaged in supervision and administration of exploration and mining of mineral resources from performing their
duties according to law, he shall be punished in accordance with relevant provisions of the Regulations on Administrative Penalties
for Public Security.

   Article 49 Disputes over the limits of mining areas between mining enterprises shall be settled by the parties involved through consultation;
if consultation fails, the relevant local people’s government at or above the county level shall handle the matter on the basis of
the limits that are verified and fixed according to law. Disputes over the limits of mining areas that straddle provinces, autonomous
regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be settled by the people’s governments of the relevant provinces,
autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the Central Government through consultation. If consultation fails, the disputes
shall be settled by the State Council.

CHAPTER VII SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS

   Article 50 Where laws or administrative rules and regulations provide otherwise on foreign-funded exploration and mining of mineral resources,
such provisions shall prevail.

   Article 51 Before this Law goes into effect, anyone who mined mineral resources without going through approval procedures, without having the
mining area delimited and without obtaining a mining license shall apply for completion of the formalities in accordance with relevant
provisions of this Law.

   Article 52 Specific rules for the implementation of this Law shall be formulated by the State Council.

    






CONSTITUTION ACT, 1982 – page 22

NOTES (1) The enacting clause was repealed by the Statute Law Revision Act, 1893, 56-57 Vict., c. 14 (U.K.). It read as...