1999

PROVISIONAL REGULATIONS ON RESOURCE TAX

Provisional Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Resource Tax

     (State Council: 13 December 1993)

Whole Doc.Article 1

All units and individuals engaged in the exploitation of mineralproducts as prescribed in these Regulations or production
of salt withinthe territory of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred toas `exploiting or producing taxable products’)
are taxpayers of ResourceTax (hereinafter referred to as `taxpayers’) and shall pay Resource Tax inaccordance with these Regulations.Article
2

The taxable items and tax amounts of Resource tax shall be determinedin accordance with the attached to these Regulations as well as the relevant stipulationsof the Ministry of Finance.

Any adjustments to the taxable items and tax amount range shall bedetermined by the State Council.Article 3

The specific tax amount applicable to taxpayers shall be determined.within a prescribed tax amount range, by the Ministry
of Finance inconsultation with the relevant departments of the State Council inaccordance with the resource situation
of the taxable products exploitedor produced by taxpayers.Article 4

Taxpayers exploiting or producing taxable products under differenttaxable items. The assessable volume of the taxable
products underdifferent taxable items shall be accounted for separately. If theassessable volume of the taxable products
under different taxable itemshas not been accounted for separately or cannot be accurately provided,the higher tax amount shall
apply.Article 5

The tax payable for Resource Tax shall be computed in accordance withthe assessable volume of the taxable products and the prescribed
unit taxamount. The formula for computing the tax payable is as follows:

Tax payable = Assessable volume x Unit tax amountArticle 6

The assessable volume of Resource Tax is as follows:

(1) For taxpayers exploiting or producing taxable products for

sale, the sales volume shall be the assessable volume.

(2) For taxpayers exploiting or producing taxable products for ownuse, the self-used volume shall be the assessable volume.Article
7

Resource Tax shall be reduced or exempt under any one of thefollowing circumstances:

(1) Crude oil used for heating or repairing wells in the course ofexploiting crude oil shall be exempt.

(2) For taxpayers sustaining huge losses due to such reasons asaccidents or natural disasters in the course of exploiting
or producingtaxable products, tax reduction or exemption shall be determined at thediscretion of the People’s governments
of the provinces, autonomousregions or municipalities directly under the central government.

(3) Other tax reduction or exemption items as stipulated by the StateCouncil.Article 8

The assessable volume of the tax reduced or exempt items of thetaxpayer shall be accounted for separately. If the assessable
volume hasnot been accounted for separately or cannot be accurately provided, noreduction or exemption shall be granted.Article
9

For taxpayers selling taxable products, the time at which the taxliability arises shall be the day on which the sales sum
is received ordocumented evidence of right to collect the sales sum is obtained. Forself-produced taxable products for own
use, the time at which the taxliability arises shall be the day on which the products are removed foruse.Article 10

Resource Tax shall be collected by the tax authorities.Article 11

The units purchasing untaxed mineral products shall be the ResourceTax withholding agent.Article 12

The Resource Tax payable by taxpayers shall be paid to the localcompetent tax authorities where the taxable products
are exploited orproduced. For taxpayers exploiting or producing taxable products withinthe boundaries of their own provinces,
autonomous regions andmunicipalities, any adjustments in the tax payment location shall bedetermined by the tax authorities
of the provinces, autonomous regions andmunicipalities.Article 13

The assessable period for taxpayers shall be one day, three days,five days, ten days, fifteen days or one month to be determined
by thecompetent tax authorities according to the actual circumstances; tax thatcannot be assessed in regular periods may
be assessed on atransaction-by-transaction basis.

Taxpayers that adopt one month as an assessable period shall reportand pay tax within ten days following the end of the
period. If anassessable period of one day, three days, five days, ten days or fifteendays is adopted, the tax shall be prepaid
within five days following theend of the period and a monthly return shall be filed with any balance oftax due settled within
ten days from the first day of the following month.

The tax payment deadlines for withholding agents shall be determinedwith reference to the stipulations of the above two paragraphs.Article
14

The collection and administration of Resource Tax shall be conductedin accordance with the relevant regulations of the and theseRegulations.Article 15

The Ministry of Finance shall be responsible for the interpretationof these Regulations and for the formulation of the Detailed
Rules andRegulations for the implementation of these Regulations.Article 16

These Regulations shall come into effect from January, 1, 1994. The andthe promulgated by the State Council on September 18, 1984 shall be repealedon the same date.

RESOURCE TAX TAXABLE ITEMS AND TAX AMOUNT RANGE TABLE

—————————————————————-

Taxable

Items Tax Amount Range

—————————————————————-

1. Crude oil 8-30 yuan/ton

2. Natural gas 2-15 yuan/1000 cubic metres

3. Coal 0.3-5 yuan/ton

4. Other non-metal ores 0.5-20 yuan/ton or one cubic metre

5. Ferrous metal ores 2-30 yuan/ton

6. Non-ferrous metal ores 0.4-30 yuan/ton

7. Salt

Solid salt 10-60 yuan/ton

Liquid salt 2-10 yuan/ton

—————————————————————-

    






IMPLEMENTATION MEASURES ON THE ADOPTION OF CHILDREN BY FOREIGNERS IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Category  MARRIAGE AND FAMILY Organ of Promulgation  The State Council Status of Effect  Invalidation
Date of Promulgation  1993-11-10 Effective Date  1993-11-10 Date of Invalidation  1999-05-25


Implementation Measures on the Adoption of Children by Foreigners in the People’s Republic of China



(Approved by the State Council on November 3, 1993, and promulgated by

Decree No.28 of the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Civil Affairs on
November 10, 1993) (Editor’s Note: These Measures have benn annulled by
Measure Registering Adoption of Children by Foreigners in the People’s
Republic of China approved by the State Council on May 12, 1999, and
promulgated by Decree No.15 of the Ministry of Civil Affairs on May 25, 1999)

    Article 1  These Implementation Measures are formulated in accordance
with the Adoption Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter
referred to as the Adoption Law).

    Article 2  These Measures are applicable to the adoption of Chinese
citizens’ children by foreigners within the territory of the People’s
Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as in China).

    Where on party of the conjoints is a foreigner, the adoption of Chinese
citizens’ children in China by the said conjoints shall also be handled in
accordance with these Measures.

    Article 3  The adoption of children in China by foreigners shall be
conducted in conformity with the provisions of the Adoption Law and shall
not be in violation of the law of the country of the adopter’s habitual
residence.

    The adopter may only adopt one child.

    Article 4  With regard to the adoption of a child in China by a foreigner,
an adoption application shall be transmitted by the relevant government or the
adoption organization entrusted by the relevant government to the adoption
organization entrusted by the Chinese Government, accompanied by a report on
the adopter’s family background and relevant certificates.

    The adopter’s application, family background report and certificates
prescribed in the preceding paragraph refer to the following documents
notarized by the notary office or a notary of the country of his habitual
residence and authenticated by the foreign affairs ministry or the agency
authorized by the foreign affairs ministry of the country of his habitual
residence and by the Embassy or Consulate of China in the country concerned:

    (1) adoption application;

    (2) birth certificate;

    (3) marital status certificate;

    (4) certificates of profession, income and property;

    (5) health examination certificate;

    (6) certificate of criminal record;

    (7) certificate of child adoption approval by the competent authorities
of the adopter’s country of habitual residence;

    (8) family background report, including the status of the adoption
applicant, the qualification and appropriateness of the adoption, family
conditions health history, adoption motive and features suitable for the
care of the child.

    With regard to the adoption of children in China by foreigners who have
continuously lived in China for work or study for over one year, a marital
status certificate, certificates of profession, income and property, and
certificate of criminal record issued by his unit in China, and health
certificate issued by a medical unit at or above the county level in China,
shall be submitted, in addition to the submission of the application, family
background report and certificates prescribed in the preceding paragraph
(except for Item (5)).

    Article 5  The Chinese adoption organization may, after receiving the
application, report and relevant certificates transmitted by a foreign
government or its entrusted adoption organization, assist the adopter in
seeking the prospective adoptee if it regards the case to be in conformity
with the provisions of the Adoption Law.

    Article 6  In addition to the submission of the residence identity card,
domicile booklet (the identity certificate of the responsible person shall be
submitted if a social welfare institution acts as the one who places out the
child for adoption), and the certificates of the conditions of the adopted
person, the person placing out the child for adoption shall submit to the
Chinese adoption organization the following certifying materials:

    (1) When the natural parents(including the divorced) acts as the person
placing out the child for adoption, a written consent of both parents on the
placing out shall be submitted;

    (2) Where a natural father or mother acts as the persons placing out his
or her child for adoption when the spouse of the parent has died or can not
be located, the certificate of death of the spouse or the certificate that
the spouse can not be located and the announcement of the parents of the dead
spouse or the spouse who can not be located on giving up the priority of the
adoption shall be submitted;

    (3) Where the guardian of the adoptee acts as the person placing out
the child for adoption when both parents of the adoptee do not have full
civil capacity, the guardian shall provide the certificate of guardianship and
the certificate that both parents of the adoptee do not have full civil
capacity which result in serious harm to the adoptee;

    (4) Where the guardian of the adoptee acts as the person placing out the
child for adoption when both parents of the adoptee have died, the death
certificate of the adoptee’s natural parents, the certificate of guardianship
and the written consent of other persons bearing the upbringing
responsibility shall be submitted;

    (5) Where the social welfare institution acts as the one that places
out the child for adoption, the certificate of the situation in the
abandonment and discovery of the abandoned infant or child and the certificate
of the process of the search of his or her parents or guardians issued by the
social welfare institution shall be submitted; where the adoptee is an
orphan, the certificate of death or notice of death of the parents and the
written consent of other persons bearing responsibility for upbringing the
child regarding the adoption shall be submitted.

    (6) Where a handicapped child is to be placed out for adoption, a
disability certificate issued by the hospital at or above the county level
shall be submitted.

    Article 7  Where the Chinese adoption organization considers that the
person placing out the child for adoption meets the provisions of the
Adoption Law, the family background reports of the person placing out the
child for adoption and the adoptee shall be sent to the foreign government or
its entrusted adoption organization concerned and a notice of coming to china
for adoption of the child shall be sent to the adopter.

    Article 8  The foreign adopter, after confirming the adoptee, shall
conclude a written agreement with the person placing out the child for
adoption.

    After the conclusion of the written agreement, parties involved in
the adoptive relationship shall go in person to the civil administration
department of the local people’s government at or above the county level
where the adoptee’s domicile locates to handle the adoption registration.

    Where the conjoints jointly adopt the child but one of them can not come
to China for the process, he or she may entrust the other in a written form.
The power of attorney shall be both notarized and authenticated.

    Article 9  In handling the adoption registration, the adopter and the
person placing out the child for adoption shall respectively provide
relevant materials.

    The adopter shall provide the following materials:

    (1) the notice of coming to China for adoption of the child issued by the
Chinese adoption organization;

    (2) the adopter’s identity certificate and his photo;

    (3) the written agreement reached between the adopter and the person
placing out the child for adoption.

    The person placing out the child for adoption shall provide the following
materials:

    (1) his residence identity certificate, domicile booklet and the adoptee’s
photo;

    (2) the Chinese adoption organization’s documents approving the person
to place out the adoptee.

    Article 10  With regard to cases conforming to the provisions of
Article 9 of these Measures, the adoption registration organ shall, after
its review, register the adoption and issue an adoption registration
certificate within three days after the date of receiving the adoption
registration application.

    Article 11  After the registration of the adoption, parties involved in
the adoptive relationship shall handle the adoption notarization in person at
the notary office of the place where the adoption registration organ is
located.

    Article 12  In handling the notarization of the adoption, the adopter and
the person placing out the child for adoption shall provide the following
materials:

    (1) adoption registration certificate;

    (2) materials prescribed in Article 9 of these Measures.

    Article 13  With regard to cases conforming to the provisions of
Article 12 of these Measures, the notary office shall notarize the adoption
within three days after the date of receiving the adoption notarization
application and inform the Chinese adoption organization.

    Article 14  Before the adoptee exits from China, the adopter shall undergo
exit procedure for the adoptee at the public security organ of the adoptee’s
domicile location on the strength of the adoption registration certificate
and the notary certificate.

    Article 15  The Chinese adoption organization shall keep the case file of
the parties involved in the adoptive relationship in proper care.

    Article 16  The Chinese adoption organization shall be subject to the
supervision of the justice administration department and the civil affairs
department of the State Council.

    Article 17  A foreign adopter who adopts a child in China shall pay the
registration fee and the notarization fee respectively to the registration
department and notary office. The standards and management rules for the
registration fee and the notarization fee shall be implemented in accordance
with the regulations of the state price administration department and the
Ministry of Finance.

    The Chinese adoption organization may collect service fees. The standards
for the service fees shall be regulated by the state price administration
department and the Ministry of Finance.

    The adopter may consult with the person placing out the child for
adoption on the payment of the adoptee’s rearing fee. The rearing fee paid
by the adopter to the social welfare institution may only by used for the
improvement of the welfare institution’s facilities and may not be diverted
for other purposes.

    Article 18  These Measures shall come into force on the date of
promulgation.






ACCOUNTING LAW OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

UNFAIR COMPETITION LAW

Category  TRADE ACTIVITIES Organ of Promulgation  The Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress Status of Effect  In Force
Date of Promulgation  1993-09-02 Effective Date  1993-12-01  


Law of the People’s Republic of China Against Unfair Competition

Contents
Chapter I  General Provisions
Chapter II  Acts of Unfair Competition
Chapter III  Supervision and Inspection
Chapter IV  Legal Responsibility
Chapter V  Supplementary Provisions

(Adopted at the Third Meeting of the Standing Committee of the

Eighth National People’s Congress on September 2, 1993, promulgated
by Order No.10 of the President of the People’s Republic of China,
and effective as of December 1, 1993)
Contents

    Chapter I    General Provisions

    Chapter II   Acts of Unfair Competition

    Chapter III  Supervision and Inspection

    Chapter IV   Legal Responsibility

    Chapter V    Suplementary Provisions
Chapter I  General Provisions

    Article 1  This Law is formulated with a view to safeguarding
the healthy development of socialist market economy, encouraging
and protecting fair competition, repressing unfair competition
acts, and protecting the lawful rights and interests of business
operators and consumers.

    Article 2  A business operator shall, in his market
transactions, follow the principles of voluntariness, equality,
fairness, honesty and credibility and observe the generally
recognized business ethics.

    “Unfair competition” mentioned in this Law refers to a business
operator’s acts violating the provisions of this Law, infringing
upon the lawful rights and interests of another business operator
and disturbing the socio-economic order.

    “A business operator” mentioned in this Law refers to a legal
person or any other economic organization or individual engaged in
commodities marketing or profit-making services (“commodities”
referred to hereinafter includes such services).

    Article 3  People’s governments at various levels shall take
measures to repress unfair competition acts and create favourable
environment and conditions for fair competition.

    Administrative departments for industry and commerce of the
people’s governments at or above the county level shall exercise
supervision over and inspection of unfair competition acts; where
laws or administrative rules and regulations provide that other
departments shall exercise the supervision and inspection, those
provisions shall apply.

    Article 4  The State shall encourage, support and protect all
organizations and individuals in the exercise of social supervision
over unfair competition acts.

    No State functionary may support or cover up unfair
competition acts.
Chapter II  Acts of Unfair Competition

    Article 5  A business operator shall not harm his competitors
in market transactions by resorting to any of the following unfair
means:  

    (1) counterfeiting a registered trademark of another person;

    (2) using for a commodity without authorization a unique name,
package, or decoration of another’s famous commodity, or using a
name, package or decoration similar to that of another’s famous
commodity, thereby confusing the commodity with that famous
commodity and leading the purchasers to mistake the former for the
latter;

    (3) using without authorization the name of another
enterprise or person, thereby leading people to mistake their
commodities for those of the said enterprise or person; or

    (4) forging or counterfeiting authentication marks,
famous-and-excellent-product marks or other product quality marks
on their commodities, forging the origin of their products or
making false and misleading indications as to the quality of their
commodities.

    Article 6  A public utility enterprise or any other business
operator occupying monoply status according to law shall not
restrict people to purchasing commodities from the business
operators designated by him, thereby precluding other business
operators from fair competition.

    Article 7  Governments and their subordinate departments shall
not abuse administrative powers to restrict people to purchasing
commodities from the business operators designated by them and
impose limitations on the rightful operation activities of other
business operators.

    Governments and their subordinate departments shall not abuse
administrative powers to restrict commodities originated in other
places from entering the local markets or the local commodities
from flowing into markets of other places.

    Article 8  A business operator shall not resort to bribery,
by offering money or goods or by any other means, in selling or
purchasing commodities. A business operator who offers off-the-book
rebate in secret to the other party, a unit or an individual, shall
be deemed and punished as offering bribes; and any unit or
individual that accepts off-the-book rebate in secret shall be
deemed and punished as taking bribes.

    A business operator may, in selling or purchasing commodities,
expressly allow a discount to the other party and pay a commission
to the middleman. The business opeartor who gives discount to the
other party and pays commission to the middleman must truthfully
enter them in the account. The business operator who accepts the
discount or the commission must also truthfully enter it in the
account.

    Article 9  A business operator may not, by advertisement or any
other means, make false or misleading publicity of their
commodities as to their quality, ingredients, functions, usage,
producers, duration of validity or origin.

    An advertisement agent may not act as agent for, or design,
produce or release a false advertisement while he clearly knows or
ought to know its falsehood.

    Article 10  A business operator shall not use any of the
following means to infringe upon trade secrets:

    (1) obtaining an obligee’s trade secrets by stealing, luring,
intimidation or any other unfair means;

    (2) disclosing, using or allowing another person to use the
trade secrets obtained from the obligee by the means mentiond in
the preceding paragraph; or

    (3) in violation of the agreement or against the obligee’s
demand for keeping trade secrets, disclosing, using or allowing
another person to use the trade secrets he possesses.

    Obtaining, using or disclosing another’s trade secrets by a
third party who clearly knows or ought to know that the case falls
under the unlawful acts listed in the preceding paragraph shall be
deemed as infringement upon trade secrets.

    “Trade secrets” mentioned in this Article refer to any
technology information or business operation information which is
unknown to the public, can bring about economic benefits to the
obligee, has practical utility and about which the obligee has
adopted secret-keeping measures.

    Article 11  A business operator shall not, for the purpose of pushing out their competitors, sell their commodities at prices
lower than costs.

    Any of the following shall not be deemed as an unfair
competition act:

    (1) selling perishables or live commodities;

    (2) disposing of commodities near expiration of their validity
duration or those kept too long in stock;

    (3) seasonal sales; or

    (4) selling commodities at a reduced price for the purpose of clearing off debts, change of business or suspension
of operation.

    Article 12  A business operator may not, against the will of purchasers, conduct tie-in sale of commodities or attach any other
unreasonable conditions to the sale of their commodities.

    Article 13  A business operator shall not engage in any of the
following lottery-attached sale activities:

    (1) lottery-attached sale conducted by such deceptive means as
falsely declaring prize or intentionally making a person designated
inside win the prize;

    (2) lottery-attached sale employed as a means to sell goods of low quality at a high price; or

    (3) lottery-attached sale in form of lottery-drawing with the
highest prize exceeding 5,000 yuan.

    Article 14  A business operator shall not fabricate or spread
false information to injure his competitors’ commercial credit or
the reputation of his competitors’ commodities.

    Article 15  Bidders shall not act in collusion with each other
so as to force up or down the bidding prices.

    Bidders and tender-inviters shall not collude with each other
so as to push out their competitors from fair competition.
Chapter III  Supervision and Inspection

    Article 16  Supervision and inspection departments at or
above the county level may carry out supervision over and
inspection of unfair competition acts.

    Article 17  Supervision and inspection departments shall, in
supervising and inspecting unfair competition acts, have the right
to exercise the following functions and powers:      

    (1) to interrogate the business operators under inspection,
interested persons, or witnesses in accordance with the prescribed
procedures, and require them to provide testimonial materials or
other materials relating to the unfair competition acts;

    (2) to inquire about and duplicate the agreements, account
books, invoices, documents, records, business letters and
telegrammes or other materials relating to the unfair competition
acts; and

    (3) to inspect the property involved in the unfair competition
acts under Article 5 of this Law; and, when necessary, to order the
business operators under inspection to explain the source and
quantity of the commodities, suspend the sale and await the
inspection thereof, and the property involved shall not be
transferred, concealed or destroyed.

    Article 18  Functionaries of supervision and inspection
departments shall, when supervising and inspecting unfair
competition acts, produce their inspection certificates.

    Article 19  Business operators under inspection, interested
persons and witnesses shall truthfully provide relevant materials
or particulars when the supervision and inspection departments
supervise and inspect unfair competition acts.
Chapter IV  Legal Responsibility

    Article 20  A business operator who violates the provisions of this Law and thus causes damage to the infringed business
operators, shall bear the liability of compensation for the damage.
If the losses of the infringed business operator are difficult to
estimate, the damages shall be the profits derived from the
infringement by the infringer during the period of infringement.
And the infringer shall also bear the reasonable expense paid by
the infringed business operator for investigating the infringer’s
unfair competition acts violating his lawful rights and interests.

    A business operator whose lawful rights and interests are
infringed upon by unfair competition acts may bring a suit in a
people’s court.

    Article 21  A business operator who counterfeits another’s
registered trademark, uses without authorization the name of another enterprise or person, forges or counterfeits authentication
marks, famous-and-excellent-product marks or other product quality
marks, forges origin of the products or makes false and  misleading
indications regarding the product quality shall be punished in
accordance with the provisions of the Trademark Law of the People’s
Republic of China and the Law of the People’s Republic of China on
Product Quality.

    In case a business operator uses for a commodity without
authorization the name, package or decoration of a famous commodity
or the name, package or decoration similar to that of a famous
commodity and thereby confuses the commodity with another’s famous
commodity and leads the purchasers to mistake the former for the
latter, the supervision and inspection department shall order the
business operator to stop the illegal act and confiscate the
illegal earnings and may, in light of the circumstances, impose a
fine of not less than one time but not more than three times the
illegal earnings; if the circumstances are serious, his business
licence may be revoked; and if the commodities sold are fake and
inferior, and the case constitutes a crime, he shall be
investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

    Article 22  A business operator, who resorts to bribery by
offering money or goods or by any other means in selling or
purchasing commodities and if the case constitutes a crime, shall
be investigated for criminal responsibity according to law; if the
case does not constitute a crime, the supervision and inspection
department may impose a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan but not
more than 200,000 yuan in light of the circumstances and confiscate
the illegal earnings, if any.

    Article 23  In case a public utility enterprise or any other
business operator occupying monopoly status according to law
restricts people to purchasing commodities from a designated
business operator in order to push out other business operators
from fair competition, the supervision and inspection departments
at the provincial level or of cities divided into districts shall
order the cease of the illegal acts and may impose a fine of not
less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan in light of the circumstances. If such designated business operator takes
advantage thereof to sell goods of low quality at high prices or
indiscriminately collects fees, the inspection and  supervision
department shall confiscate the illegal earnings and may impose a
fine of not less than one time but not more than three times the
illegal earnings in light of the circumstances.

    Article 24  In case a business operator makes false and
misleading publicity of his commodities by advertisement or any
other means, the supervision and inspection department shall order
the said business operator to stop his illegal acts and eliminate
the bad effects, and may impose a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan
but not more than 200,000 yuan in light of the circumstances.

    In case an advertisement agent acts as agent for, or designs,
produces or releases a false advertisement though the agent clearly
knows or ought to know the falsehood, the supervision and
inspection department shall order the cease of the illegal acts,
confiscate the illegal earnings, and impose a fine according to
law.

    Article 25  In case a business operator violates the provisions
of Article 10 of this Law and infringes upon trade secrets, the
supervision and inspection department shall order the cease of the
illegal acts and may impose a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan but
not more than 200,000 yuan in light of the circumstances.

    Article 26  In case a business operator engages in
lottery-attached sale  in violation of the provisions of Article 13
of this Law, the supervision and inspection department shall order
the cease of the illegal acts and  may impose a fine of not less
than 10,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan in light of the
circumstances.

    Article 27  Where bidders act in collusion with each other to
force up or down the bidding price, or a bidder colludes with a
tender-inviter for the purpose of pushing out their competitors,
the successful bid shall be invalid, and the supervision and
inspection department may impose a fine of not less than 10,000
yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan in light of the circumstances.

    Article 28  In case a business operator acts in violation of the order of stopping the sale or forbidding the transfer,
concealment or destruction of  the property involved in the unfair
competition acts, the supervision and inspection department may
impose a fine of not less than one time but not more than three
times the price of the property sold, transferred, concealed or
destroyed.

    Article 29  In case a party is not satisfied with the
punishment decision made by the supervision and inspection
department, it may apply for reconsideration to the competent
department at the next higher level within 15 days from receipt of the decision; and if the party is still not satisfied with the
reconsideration decision, it may bring a suit in a people’s court
within 15 days from receipt of the decision; and the party may also
directly file a suit in a people’s court.

    Article 30  Where a government or its subordinate departments,
in violation of the provisions of Article 7 of this Law, restrict
people to purchasing commodities from a designated business
operator or impose limits on other business operator’s rightful
operation activities or the normal circulation of commodities
between different areas, the supervision and inspection department
at higher levels shall order them to make corrections; and if the
circumstances are serious, the persons held directly responsible
shall be given administrative sanctions by the relevant department
at the same or higher level; if the designated business operator
takes advantage thereof to sell goods of low quality at high prices
or indiscriminately collects fees, the supervision and inspection
department shall confiscate the illegal earnings and may impose a
fine of not less than one time but not more than three times the
illegal earnings in light of the circumstances.

    Article 31  Where a state functionary engaged in supervision
over and inspection of unfair competition acts abuses his power or
neglects his duty, and if the case constitutes a crime, he shall
be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law; if
the case does not constitute a crime, he shall be given an
administrative sanction.

    Article 32  Where a state functionary engaged in supervision
over and inspection of unfair competition acts practices
favouritism or irregularities and intentionally harbours a business
operator whom he clearly knows to be guilty of a crime by violating
the provisions of this Law and attempts to shield him from
prosecution, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility
according to law.
Chapter V  Supplementary Provisions

    Article 33  This Law shall enter into force as of December 1,
1993.






INTERIM PROVISIONS ON THE APPROVAL AND REGULATIONS OF BUSINESSES ENGAGING IN OPENED TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES

CIRCULAR OF THE STATE ADMINISTRATION OF TAXATION CONCERNING PAYMENT OF TAX ON INCOMES IN FOREIGN CURRENCY GAINED BY ENTERPRISES WITH FOREIGN INVESTMENT AND FOREIGN ENTERPRISES

The State Administration of Taxation

Circular of the State Administration of Taxation Concerning Payment of Tax on Incomes in Foreign Currency Gained by Enterprises with
Foreign Investment and Foreign Enterprises

GuoShuiFa [1993] No.013

January 21,1993

The tax bureaus of various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, the taxation bureaus
of various municipalities separately listed on the State plan and sub-bureaus of Offshore Oil Taxation Administration:

In line with related stipulations of the Tax Law, you are hereby notified as follows about how enterprises with foreign investment
and foreign enterprises shall pay tax on their foreign currency incomes:

I.

Enterprises with foreign investment which have incomes gained from their production and operation and their incomes are all in foreign
currency, shall convert their foreign exchange into Renminbi at the Bank of China in accord with the listed price of the day their
tax payment receipts are issued by tax authorities and then pay tax.

II.

Enterprises with foreign investment, which have incomes in both foreign currency and Renminbi gained from their production and operation,
may pay tax with Renminbi gained from production and operation instead of with foreign currency. The enterprise shall not use the
Renminbi gained from borrowing, share-holder’s input or gained through regulation to pay tax instead of foreign currency income.

If the Renminbi incomes gained from production and operation are insufficient to pay dutiable tax, to make up the deficiency, the
enterprises with foreign investment concerned shall use the foreign currency gained from its production and operation and exchange
it into Renminbi at the Bank of China in accord with the listed price of foreign exchange on the day its tax payment receipt is issued
by tax authorities and then pay tax.

III.

Foreign companies, enterprises and other economic organizations as well as foreign personnel shall also pay tax in line with the above-
mentioned principle for their incomes or other gains.

IV.

The Circular shall enter into force as of the day of the receipt of the document, if the original stipulations are contradicting this
Circular, this Circular shall prevail.



 
The State Administration of Taxation
1993-01-21

 







DECISION OF THE STATE COUNCIL ON REVISING THE “INTERIM PROVISIONS CONCERNING COMPENSATION FOR BODILY INJURY OF PASSENGERS IN DOMESTIC AIR TRANSPORT”

Category  CIVIL AVIATION Organ of Promulgation  The State Council Status of Effect  In Force
Date of Promulgation  1993-11-29 Effective Date  1994-01-01  


Decision of the State Council on Revising the “Interim Provisions Concerning Compensation for Bodily Injury of Passengers in Domestic
Air Transport”


INTERIM PROVISIONS CONCERNING COMPENSATION FOR BODILY INJURY OF PASSENGERS

(Promulgated in Decree No.132 by the State Council of the People’s

Republic of China on November 29, 1993)

    The State Council decides to revise Article 6 of the “Interim Provisions
Concerning Compensation for Bodily Injury of Passengers in Domestic Air
Transport” to read: ” The maximum amount of compensation for each passenger,
for which the carrier is liable under these Provisions, shall be Renminbi
seventy thousand (70,000) yuan.”

    The present decision shall come into force on January 1, 1994.

    The “Interim Provisions Concerning Compensation for Bodily Injury of
Passengers in Domestic Air Transport” are revised accordingly pursuant to the
present decision and repromulgated.
INTERIM PROVISIONS CONCERNING COMPENSATION FOR BODILY INJURY OF PASSENGERS
IN DOMESTIC AIR TRANSPORT

    (Adopted by the State Council at its Thirty-First Executive Meeting on
January 3, 1989, promulgated in Decree No.28 by the State Council on February
20, 1989 and revised pursuant to the “Decision of the State Council on
Revising the ‘Interim Provisions Concerning Compensation for Bodily Injury of
Passengers in Domestic Air Transport'” of November 29, 1993)

    Article 1  These Provisions are formulated for the purpose of determining
civil liability of the carrier for the bodily injury of a passenger sustained
in domestic air transport.

    Article 2  These Provisions shall be applicable to the compensation for
bodily injury of a passenger sustained in domestic air passenger transport.

    “Domestic air passenger transport” referred to in the preceding paragraph
means any air passenger transport in which, according to the contract of
carriage, the place of departure, the agreed stopping places and the place of
destination are all within the territory of the People’s Republic of China.

    Article 3  The carrier shall be liable for compensation in the event of
death or injury sustained by a passenger on board an aircraft or in the course
of embarkation or disembarkation.

    Article 4  The carrier shall not be liable for compensation if he proves
that the death or injury of a passenger is caused by force majeure or by the
state of health of the passenger.

    Article 5  If the carrier proves that the death or injury of a passenger
is caused by negligence or wilful misconduct of the passenger, the carrier
shall be wholly or partly exonerated from his liability.

    Article 6  The maximum amount of compensation for each passenger, for
which the carrier is liable under these Provisions, shall be Renminbi seventy
thousand (70,000) yuan.

    Article 7  Passengers may insure against accidental bodily injury in air
transport with an insurance company. The compensation made by the insurance
company shall in no way exonerate the carrier wholly or partly from his
liability.

    Article 8  The compensation due to aliens, overseas Chinese or compatriots
from Hongkong, Macao and Taiwan may be made in the currencies of their
respective countries or regions. The exchange rates shall be those published
by the foreign exchange control agency of the People’s Republic of China on
the date of payment.

    Article 9  A passenger or his (her) heir and the carrier may bring an
action before the People’s Court in case of dispute between them concerning a
claim for compensation.

    Article 10  The responsibility to interpret these Provisions shall be
vested in the Civil Aviation Administration of China.

    Article 11  These Provisions shall become operative on May 1st, 1989 and
on the even date the “Rules on Compulsory Insurance against Accidental Injury
of Air Passengers” promulgated on April 24, 1951 by the Financial and Economic
Commission of the Government Administration Council of the People’s Republic
of China shall be repealed.






PROVISIONAL REGULATIONS ON LAND APPRECIATION TAX

Category  TAXATION Organ of Promulgation  The State Council Status of Effect  In Force
Date of Promulgation  1993-12-13 Effective Date  1994-01-01  


Provisional Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Land Appreciation Tax



(Adopted at the 12nd Executive Meeting of the State Council on November

26, 1993, promulgated in Decree No.138 by the State Council of the People’s
Republic of China on December 13, 1993 and effective as of January 1, 1994)

    Article 1  These Regulations are formulated with a view to standardizing
the order of land and real estate market transactions, to reasonably adjusting
the benefit from land appreciation and to safeguarding the rights and
interests of the State.

    Article 2  All units and individuals receiving income from the transfer of
State-owned land use rights, above-ground structures and their attached
facilities (hereinafter referred to as “transfer of real estate”), shall be
taxpayers of the Land Appreciation Tax (hereinafter referred to as
“taxpayers”) and shall pay Land Appreciation Tax in accordance with these
Regulations.

    Article 3  Land Appreciation Tax shall be assessed according to the
appreciation amount derived by the taxpayer on the transfer of real estate and
the tax rates prescribed in Article 7 of these Regulations.

    Article 4  The appreciation amount shall be the balance of proceeds
received by the taxpayer on the transfer of real estate, after deducting the
sum of deductible items as prescribed in Article 6 of these Regulations.

    Article 5  Proceeds received by the taxpayer on the transfer of real
estate shall include monetary proceeds, proceeds in kind and other proceeds.

    Article 6  The deductible items in computing the appreciation amount are
as follows:

    (1) The sum paid for the acquisition of land use rights;

    (2) Costs and expenses for the development of land;

    (3) Costs and expenses for the construction of new buildings and
facilities, or the assessed value for used properties and buildings;

    (4) The taxes related to the transfer of real estate;

    (5) Other deductible items as stipulated by the Ministry of Finance.

    Article 7  Land Appreciation Tax shall adopt four level progressive rates
as follows:

    For that part of the appreciation amount not exceeding 50% of the sum of
deductible items, the tax rate shall be 30%.

    For that part of the appreciation amount exceeding 50%, but not exceeding
100%, of the sum of deductible items, the tax rate shall be 40%.

    For that part of the appreciation amount exceeding 100%, but not exceeding
200%, of the sum of deductible items, the tax rate ahall be 50%.

    For that part of the appreciation amount exceeding 200% of the sum of
deductible items, the tax rate shall be 60%.

    Article 8  Land Appreciation Tax shall be exempt under any one of the
following circumstances:

    (1) Taxpayers constructing ordinary standard residences for sale, where
the appreciation amount does not exceed 20% of the sum of deductible items;

    (2) Real estate requisitioned and repossessed according to law due to the
construction requirements of the State.

    Article 9  For taxpayers under any one of the following circumstances, the
tax shall be assessed according to the assessed value of the real estate:

    (1) Concealment or false reporting on the real estate transaction price;

    (2) Providing false sums of deductible items;

    (3) The transfer price of real estate is lower than the assessed value
without proper justification.

    Article 10  Taxpayers shall report the tax to the local competent tax
authorities where the real estate is located within seven days of signing the
real estate transfer agreement, and pay the Land Appreciation Tax within the
period specified by the tax authorities.

    Article 11  Land Appreciation Tax shall be collected by the tax
authorities. The department for land administration and the department for
real estate administration shall provide the tax authorities with relevant
information, and assist the tax authorities in the collection of the Land
Appreciation Tax pursuant to the law.

    Article 12  For taxpayers that fail to pay the Land Appreciation Tax
according to these Regulations, the department for land administration and the
department for real estate administration shall not process the relevant post_title
change procedures.

    Article 13  The collection and administration of Land Appreciation Tax
shall be conducted in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Law of
the People’s Republic of China on Tax Collection and Administmtion and these
Regulations.

    Article 14  The Ministry of Finance shall be responsible for the
interpretation of these Regulations and for the formulation of the rules for
the implementation of these Regulations.

    Article 15  These Regulations shall come into effect from January 1, 1994.
The measures of different regions for the collection of land appreciation fees
that contravene these Regulations shall cease to be implemented as of the same
date.






RULES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MEASURES OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON ADMINISTRATION OF INVOICE

The State Administration of Taxation

Notice of the State Administration of Taxation Concerning Carrying on Implementation of Rules for the Implementation of the Measures
of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of Invoice

Guo Shui Fa [1993] No.157

(The Notice is omitted here)

The State Administration of Taxation

Dec 28, 1993

Rules for the Implementation of the Measures of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of Invoice

Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1

The rules for implementation are hereby formulated in accordance with the stipulations of Article 44 of the Measures of the People’s
Republic of China on Administration of Invoice (hereinafter referred to as the Measures)

Article 2

The seal used for supervising the manufacture of the nation’s unified invoices is the legal indication of the tax authorities’ management
of invoice, its shape, specification, content and color are determined by the State Administration of Taxation. With the exception
of approval granted by the State Administration of Taxation or by the branches of the State Administration of Taxation in various
provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and by tax bureaus of various provinces, autonomous
regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government (the State Administration of Taxation, the branches of the State
Administration in various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and local tax bureaus
of various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government are hereinafter referred to as
provincial- level tax authorities) in accordance with their respective responsibilities, invoices should all be printed with the
seal for supervising the manufacture of unified national invoices.

Article 3

The classification of the categories of invoices shall be determined by tax authorities at or above the provincial level.

Article 4

Invoice basically consists of triplicate forms, the first form is the invoice stub, the invoice maker retains the stub for future
reference; the second form is the invoice form, the receiver uses it as the primitive voucher for paying or receiving money; the
third form is the form for keeping accounts, the drawer uses it as a primitive voucher for keeping account.

The basic forms of special-purpose invoices for VAT should also include the deducting form, the invoice receiver uses it as a voucher
for deducting tax money.

In addition to the special invoices for VAT, tax authorities at or above the county (city) level may increase or decrease the number
of invoice forms in light of needs and determine their uses.

Article 5

The basic contents of invoice include name of invoice, track and number of word, the number and uses of invoice form, the client’s
name, the bank of deposit and account number, the name of commodities and the project of business, measurement unit, quantity, unit
price, amounts in words and figures, the drawer, the date of making out an invoice, the name (signature) of a unit or individual
who makes out the invoice.

Where there are withholding, collecting and levying taxes on a commission basis, the contents of their invoices should include the
rates of taxes withheld, collected and levied on a commission basis and the amounts of taxes withheld, collected and levied on a
commission basis.

The special invoices for VAT should also include: the address, tax registration number, the rate and amount of VAT of the goods purchaser,
the name, address and tax registration number of the goods supplier.

Article 6

The unified form of invoice used nationwide shall be determined by the State Administration of Taxation.

The unified form of invoice used within the scope of a province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government
shall be determined by provincial-level tax authorities.

The form of invoice referred to in this Article include the variety of the invoice, the purposes, concrete contents, layout, specification
and scope of use of various sheets of invoice.

Article 7

Units which have a fixed production and management site, complete financial and invoice management systems and a large invoice use
volume may apply for printing invoice to be printed with the name of their own units; if unified form of invoice cannot satisfy business
needs, unit may design invoice forms of their own units, but they must have the approval from tax authorities at or above the county
(city) level, of which special invoice for VAT shall be decided separately by the State Administration of Taxation.

Chapter II The Printing of Invoices

Article 8

“The special invoice for VAT shall be decided separately by the State Administration of Taxation” referred to in Article 7 of the
Measures means that invoices are printed exclusively by the enterprise designated by the State Administration of Taxation.

Article 9

Enterprises printing invoices and enterprises producing special products for anti-fake invoices shall possess the following qualifications:

(1)

Their equipment and technology level can meet the needs of printing invoices and producing special products for anti-fake invoices;

(2)

Capable of guaranteeing supply in compliance with the demands of tax authorities;

(3)

They have standard enterprise management and strict quality supervision system;

(4)

They have a special workshop for production, special warehouse for storage, and special personnel in charge;

(5)

Capable of strictly abiding by the stipulations on the printing of invoices and the production and management of special products
for anti- fake invoices.

Article 10

Invoice printing permits and permit of the production of special products for anti-fake invoices shall be formulated and issued exclusively
by the State Administration of Taxation. Tax authorities should regularly conduct supervision and examination of enterprises printing
invoices and enterprises producing special products for anti-fake invoices, with regard to those who fail to meet the requirements,
the tax authorities should disqualify them to print invoices and produce special products for anti-fake invoices.

Article 11

Enterprises printing invoices and enterprises producing special products for anti-forged invoices shall establish the following systems:

(1)

Production responsibility system;

(2)

Secrecy system;

(3)

Quality inspection system;

(4)

Custodian system;

(5)

Other related systems.

Article 12

Before the printing of invoices or the production of special products for anti-forged invoices, the competent tax authorities should
issue a notice concerning the printing of invoices or the production of special products for anti-forged invoices. Enterprises designated
to print or produce shall perform such task in compliance with the requirements.

The notice on the printing of invoices shall include clearly stated name of the invoice-printing enterprise, the name of the user,
name, category, the sheet number, specification, color of invoice, the printed quantity, start-stop numbers, and the time and place
of delivery.

The notice concerning the production of special products for anti-forged invoices shall include such contents as the name of clearly
state enterprises producing special products for anti-forged invoices, the name of special products for anti-forged invoices, major
technical indices and quality requirements and annual planned output.

Article 13

The finished products completed by enterprises printing invoices and enterprises producing special products for anti-forged invoices,
as well as special products for anti-forged invoices purchased by invoice-printing enterprises shall be properly stored in special
warehouse after being checked and accepted in accordance with stipulations, and shall not be lost. Substandard and waste products
shall be reported to tax authorities for approval and be destroyed in a concentrated way.

Article 14

The specific time, content and request of changing the printing plate at indefinite intervals shall be determined by the state Administration
of Taxation.

Chapter III Receiving and Purchase of Invoices

Article 15

Units which do not need to perform tax registration according to law but need to receive and purchase invoices may, in line with related
stipulations of the Measures, apply to competent tax authorities for receiving and purchasing invoices.

Article 16

While unit and individual who apply for receiving and purchasing special invoices for VAT provide certificates stipulated in Article
16 of the Measures, they shall provide the tax registration certificate (duplicate) stamped with the special seal confirming it
or him being “ordinary VAT payer”. Non-VAT payer and small-scale VAT taxpayer confirmed by related stipulations on VAT shall not
receive and purchase special invoices for VAT.

Article 17

The tax registration documents mentioned in Article 16 of the Measures refer to tax registration certificates (original and duplicate),
and registered tax registration certificates (original and duplicate).

Article 18

The application for the purchase of invoices mentioned in Article 16 of the Measures shall include clearly stated name of the unit
and individual, the trade they belong to and the economic type, the category, name, and quantity of the invoices they need and shall
be stamped with the public seal of their unit and the seal of the person handling the matter.

Article 19

The ID card mentioned in Article 16 of the Measures refers to the resident ID card, passport, and work certificate of the person
handling the matter as well as other documents capable of proving the capacity of the person handling the matter.

Article 20

The financial seal mentioned in Article 16 of the Measures refers to the special financial seal of the unit or other financial seals.

Article 21

The special invoice seal mentioned in Article 16 of the Measures refers to the financial seal for the unit which lacks (or finds
it inconvenient to use) and the seal carved by an individual industrial and commercial household in accordance with the unified stipulations
of tax authorities and stamped with such additional words as its name, tax registration number, special invoice seal used when receiving
or drawing up receipts. The form and use method of the “special invoice seal” shall be determined by provincial-level tax authorities.

Article 22

The die of the financial seal and special invoice seal provided by tax authorities for the unit and individual using invoice shall
be preserved for reference.

Article 23

The contents of the invoice-receiving and purchasing book mentioned in Article 16 of the Measures shall include the name of the unit
and individual using the invoice, the trade they belong to, economic type, the method of invoice purchase, the category of invoice
ratified for purchase, the name of invoice, the receiving and purchasing date, the amount approved for purchase, start-stop number,
record on breach of rules, signature (seal) of invoice receiver and purchaser, the tax authorities (seal) which verified and issued
the invoice.

Article 24

The methods of invoice purchase mentioned in Article 16 of the Measures refer to supply in batch, handing in the old and buying the
new or checking the old and purchasing the new.

Article 25

While selling invoices, the tax authorities shall charge production cost and management fees in accordance with the verified and ratified
charging standard, and draw up a receipt for the invoice-buying unit and individual. The production cost and management fee shall
be regarded as a special fund for special purpose and shall not be diverted to other purposes, provincial-level tax authorities shall
formulate a concrete management system.

Article 26

Unit and individual who apply to the tax authorities for drawing up invoices shall all provide written certificates concerning the
purchasing and market business and concerning their acceptance of services or other business activities.

With regard to those who should pay tax according to the stipulations of the Tax Law, the tax authorities shall levy tax while drawing
up a receipt.

Article 27

The guarantors mentioned in Article 19 of the Measures refers to citizens, corporations or other economic organizations with guaranteeing
capability within the territory of China, state organs shall not act as guarantors.

A guarantor who agrees to provide guarantee for the unit and individual receiving and purchasing invoice shall fill out a warranty.

The contents of the warranty include: the object, scope, time limit and responsibility of guarantee as well as other related matters.

The warranty takes effect only after it is signed and sealed by the invoice purchaser, guarantor and tax authorities.

Article 28

The “legal responsibility undertaken by the guarantor or by earnest money” mentioned in Clause 2 of Article 19 of the Measures means
ordering the guarantor to pay fine or pay fine with earnest money.

Article 29

The concrete scope for providing guarantor or paying earnest money as well as the methods for providing guarantor or paying earnest
money related to engaging in temporary business activities by spanning cities and counties within the province, autonomous region
and municipality directly under the Central Government concerned shall be stipulated by provincial-level tax authorities.

Article 30

The “invoice drawn up by the payer for the receiver under special circumstance” mentioned in Article 20 of the Measures refers to
the invoices drawn up by the purchasing unit and withholding agent while paying personal money.

Article 31

Whether or not the retail sales of small amount of commodities or provision of minor services to individual consumers can be exempt
from the drawing up of invoices one by one shall be decided by provincial-level tax authorities.

Article 32

The invoices which do not conform to the stipulations mentioned in Article 22 of the Measures refer to invoices drawn up or gained
whose manufacture should but has not gone through the supervision of tax authorities, or the items filled in are incomplete, the
contents are untrue, the handwriting is illegible or lacks the stamp of the financial seal or special invoice seal, forged, invalid
and other invoices inconsistent with the stipulations of tax authorities.

Article 33

Unit and individual who fill in and draw up invoices shall draw up invoices when business income is confirmed after the occurrence
of business management. No drawing up of invoices is allowed before the occurrence of business management.

Article 34

After the drawing up of invoice, in case there is the return of goods already sold which needs the drawing up of red-character invoice,
the original invoice must be recovered and the word “invalid” must be clearly stated or effective certificate of the other party
should be obtained; when there are discount and allowance for sales, a sale invoice shall be re-drawn up after recovering the original
invoice and the word “invalid” is clearly stated.

Article 35

Unit and individual, while drawing up invoice, shall fill in and draw up invoice in accordance with the number order, the items filled
in shall be complete, contents shall be real, words legible, all sheets of invoice shall be duplicated, printed in one single time,
the contents shall be completely consistent, the financial seal or the special invoice seal shall be fixed in all sheets of the invoice
and the withholding sheets.

Article 36

Chinese languages shall be used in drawing up invoices. In national autonomous areas a nationality language commonly used in the locality
may be used simultaneously. Enterprises with foreign investment and foreign enterprises may simultaneously use a foreign language.

Article 37

The “invoices turned out of computers” mentioned in Article 24 of the Measures refer to invoices printed by enterprises designated
to print invoices with the approval from tax authorities and provided for computer to draw up.

Article 38

With regard to those who need to draw up invoices by spanning provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the
Central Government in accordance with the needs of taxation management, the matter shall be decided by the State Administration of
Taxation.

Whether or not neighboring cities and counties in a province are allowed to draw up invoices by spanning provinces, autonomous regions
and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be determined by provincial-level tax authorities.

Article 39

The specified regions using invoices mentioned in Article 27 of the Measures include the regions stipulated by the State Administration
of Taxation and provincial-level tax authorities.

Article 40

The sample and use methods of invoice registration books, as well as the form and time limit related to reports on the use situation
mentioned in Article 38 of the Measures shall be determined by provincial-level tax authorities.

Article 41

Unit and individual using invoices shall properly keep the invoices and shall not lose them. Those who lose the invoice shall submit
a written report on the day of loss to the competent tax authorities and shall announce and declare its cancellation on such mass
media as newspapers, magazines and television.

Chapter IV The Check Up On Invoices

Article 42

The invoice-changing certificate mentioned in Article 33 of the Measures is used only within the scope of the county (city) concerned.
When one needs to transfer the invoice out of the county (city) for examination, one shall contact the county (city) tax authorities
and use local invoice-changing certificate.

Article 43

Real and false invoices shall be appraised by tax authorities.

Article 44

Unit which receives or keeps the invoice counterfoil shall, within 15 days after receiving the “verification card for filling in the
invoice situation” from the tax authorities, fill in the related situation and return it to the department concerned, the pattern
of the “verification card for filling in the invoice situation” shall be determined by the State Administration of Taxation.

Chapter V Penalty Provisions

Article 45

In meting out punishment of acts violating invoice management regulations, the tax authorities shall notify the party concerned in
written form of the decision on handling the case; they shall place the case on file for investigation and prosecution in regard
to violation of invoice management regulations.

Administrative penalty related to violation of invoice management regulations shall be decided by tax authorities at or above the
county level; the value of fine or the amount of illegal gain to be confiscated that stands at less than 1000 Yuan may be decided
by the tax office itself.

Article 46

The following acts belong to conducts of failing to print invoices and produce special products for anti-forged invoices according
to stipulations:

(1)

Enterprises not designated by provincial-level tax authorities but engage in unauthorized printing of invoices;

(2)

Enterprises not designated by the State Administration of Taxation but engage in unauthorized production of special products for anti-
forged invoices, or print special invoices for VAT;

(3)

Forge or carve seals for supervising manufacture of invoices without authorization, forge or produce special products for anti-forged
invoices without authorization;

(4)

Enterprises printing invoices fail to print invoices in accordance with the “notice concerning invoice printing” or produce special
products for anti-forged invoices in accordance with the “notice concerning the production of special products for anti-forged invoices”;

(5)

Re-lending or transferring seals for supervising manufacture of invoices and special products for anti-forged invoices;

(6)

Enterprises engaging in the printing of invoices and production of special products for anti-forged invoices fail to destroy waste
(substandard) products and thus incur losses;

(7)

Invoice users printing invoices without permission;

(8)

Formulating a management system for the printing of invoices and production of special products for anti-forged invoices not in accordance
with the stipulations of tax authorities;

(9)

Other acts of printing invoices and producing special products for anti-forged invoices not in accordance with stipulations.

Article 47

The following acts belong to conducts of receiving and purchasing invoices not according to stipulations:

(1)

Receiving and purchasing invoices from units and individuals other than tax authorities;

(2)

Engaging in sales of and illegal trade in invoices without permission;

(3)

Transporting and sheltering sham invoices;

(4)

Providing invoices for or borrowing invoices from others;

(5)

Stealing (usurping) invoices;

(6)

Other acts of receiving and purchasing invoices not according to stipulations.

Article 48

The following acts belong to conducts of drawing up invoices not according to stipulations:

(1)

Failing to draw up invoices, which should be done so;

(2)

Filing in and drawing up invoice sheets that reveal the contents such as the amount of money in the upper and lower sheet, and the
tax value of the sale item for VAT are inconsistent;

(3)

The items filled in are incomplete;

(4)

Obliterating invoices;

(5)

Re-lend, transfer or draw up invoices on a commission basis;

(6)

Tear off the invoice book and us the invoices without permission;

(7)

Fabricate business activities, draw up false invoices;

(8)

Draw up invoices which show the invoice and goods are inconsistent;

(9)

Draw up invalid invoice;

(10)

Unauthorized use of invoices drawn up by the region not designated;

(11)

Make out other documents or blank notes (IOU) instead of invoices;

(12)

Expand the scope for drawing up special invoices or special-purpose invoice for VAT;

(13)

Fail to report on the situation regarding the use of invoice in accordance with stipulations;

(14)

Fail to set up an invoice registration book in accordance with stipulations;

(15)

Other acts of drawing up invoices in accordance with stipulations.

Article 49

The following acts belong to conducts of obtaining invoices in accordance with stipulations:

(1)

Fail to obtain invoice which one should obtain;

(2)

Obtain invoice inconsistent with stipulations;

(3)

While obtaining invoice, one demands that the invoice maker alter the product name, sum of money or the value of VAT or one does all
these on one’s own;

(4)

Fill in or draw up invoices on one’s own and enter them into the account book;

(5)

Other acts of obtaining invoices not according to stipulations.

Article 50

The following acts belong to conducts of not keeping invoices according to stipulations:

(1)

Lose invoices;

(2)

Damage (scrap) invoices;

(3)

Los or scrap the counterfoil and invoice registration book;

(4)

Hand in invoices for cancellation not according to stipulations;

(5)

Enterprises which engage in the printing of invoices and production of special products for the anti-forged invoices lose invoices
or the seal for supervising manufacture of invoices as well as special products for anti-forged invoices;

(6)

Establish an invoice-keeping system not according to stipulations;

(7)

Other acts of keeping invoices not according to stipulations.

Article 51

The following acts belong to conducts of refusing to accept the tax authorities’ check-up according to stipulations:

(1)

Reject examination;

(2)

Conceal the real situation;

(3)

Create difficulties for and obstruct tax collectors from conducting examination;

(4)

Refuse to accept the “invoice-changing certificate”;

(5)

Refuse to provide related materials;

(6)

Refuse to provide certificates confirmed by overseas notary organs or registered accountants;

(7)

Refuse to accept inquiries pertaining to invoices;

(8)

Other acts of failing to accept tax authorities’ examination according to stipulations.

Article 52

The “illegal carrying, mailing, transporting or storing blank invoices” referred to in Article 37 of the Measures include blank invoices
manufactured under the supervision of tax authorities and forged false blank invoices.

Article 53

The illegal trade in invoices mentioned in Article 38 of the Measures includes the illegal trade in invoices, the special products
for anti-forged invoices and fabricated false invoices.

Article 54

The confiscation of illegal gain mentioned in Article 36 , 37, 38, and 39 of the Measures refers to confiscation of the incomes gained
from fabrication and illegal printing, production, trade, transfer, agency drawing up of invoices and untruthfully drawing up invoices
as well as illegal carrying, mailing, transporting or storing invoices, seals for supervising manufacture of invoices or special
products for anti-forged invoices and other acts contrary to the stipulations of the Rules.

Article 55

Cases concerning tax evasion resulting from violation of invoice management regulations shall be dealt with in accordance with the
Law of the People’s Republic of China for Tax Management.

With regard to serious cases of violation of invoice management regulations which constitute crimes, tax authorities shall transfer
written reports to judicial organs for treatment.

Article 56

The “one may apply to the next higher tax authorities for reconsideration or submit the case to the people’s court” mentioned in Article
40 of the Measures refers to that one may apply for reconsideration or submit the case to the people’s court in accordance with
the time limit and procedures set in the Law of the People’s Republic of China for Tax collection and Management.

Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

Article 57

The “specialized invoices” mentioned in Article 42 of the Measures refers to the deposit and loan, exchange, account-transfer voucher
and insurance vouchers of state-owned financial and insurance enterprises; the postage stamps, mail sheets, telephone service and
telegraph receipts; and passenger and cargo tickets handled by state- owned railway and civil aviation enterprises and state-owned
highway and water transport enterprises under the communications department.

The specialized invoices used by non-state owned units and individuals who operate the enterprises contracted or leased to them by
the above- mentioned units or enterprises owned by the state but operated privately, as well as other invoices of the above-mentioned
units shall be chromatographed with the seal for supervising manufacture of unified national invoices and shall be placed under the
unified management of tax authorities.

Article 58

The “upper” and “lower” mentioned in both the Measures and the Rules for Implementation all contain this figure.

Article 59

Illegal acts related to invoices occurred prior to implementation of the Measures shall be dealt with in accordance with the stipulation
of the then effective laws, administrative regulations and rules.

Article 60

The State Administration of Taxation shall be responsible for the interpretation of the Rules for Implementation.

Article 61

The Rules for the Implementation shall enter into force as of the day of the implementation of the Measures of the People’s Republic
of China on Administration of Invoice. If the original related stipulations of various departments are contradictory to the Rules
for Implementation, the matter should be dealt with in accordance with the Measures and the Rules for Implementation.



 
The State Administration of Taxation
1993-12-28

 







LAW AGAINST UNFAIR COMPETITION

Law of the People’s Republic of China Against Unfair Competition

(Adopted at the Third Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People’s Congress on September 2,
1993 and promulgated by Order No.10 of the President of the People’s Republic of China on September 2, 1993) 

Contents 

Chapter I    General Provisions 

Chapter II   Acts of Unfair Competition 

Chapter III  Supervision and Inspection 

Chapter IV   Legal Responsibility 

Chapter V    Supplementary Provisions 

Chapter I 

General Provisions 

Article 1   This Law is formulated with a view to safeguarding the healthy development of socialist market economy, encouraging
and protecting fair competition, repressing unfair competition acts, and protecting the lawful rights and interests of business operators
and consumers. 

Article 2 A business operator shall, in his market transactions, follow the principles of voluntariness, equality, fairness, honesty
and credibility and observe the generally recognized business ethics. 

“Unfair competition” mentioned in this Law refers to a business operator’s acts violating the provisions of this Law, infringing
upon the lawful rights and interests of another business operator and disturbing the socio-economic order. 

“A business operator” mentioned in this Law refers to a legal person or any other economic organization or individual engaged in
commodities marketing or profit-making services (“commodities” referred to hereinafter includes such services). 

Article 3 People’s governments at various levels shall take measures to repress unfair competition acts and create favourable environment
and conditions for fair competition. 

Administrative departments for industry and commerce of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall exercise supervision
over and inspection of unfair competition acts; where laws or administrative rules and regulations provide that other departments
shall exercise the supervision and inspection, those provisions shall apply. 

Article 4   The State shall encourage, support and protect all organizations and individuals in the exercise of social
supervision over unfair competition acts. 

No State functionary may support or cover up unfair competition acts. 

Chapter II 

Acts of Unfair Competition 

Article 5 A business operator shall not harm his competitors in market transactions by resorting to any of the following unfair means: 
 

(1) counterfeiting a registered trademark of another person; 

(2) using for a commodity without authorization a unique name, package, or decoration of another’s famous commodity, or using a name,
package or decoration  similar to that of another’s famous commodity, thereby confusing the commodity with that famous commodity
and leading the purchasers to mistake the former for the latter; 

(3) using without authorization the name of another enterprise or person,  thereby leading people to mistake their commodities
for those of the said enterprise or person; or 

(4) forging or counterfeiting authentication marks, famous-and-excellent-product marks or other product quality marks on their commodities,
forging the origin of their products or making false and misleading indications as to the quality of their commodities. 

Article 6 A public utility enterprise or any other business operator occupying monopoly status according to law shall not restrict
people to purchasing commodities from the business operators designated by him, thereby precluding other business operators from
fair competition. 

Article 7 Governments and their subordinate departments shall not abuse administrative powers to restrict people to purchasing commodities
from the business operators designated by them and impose limitations on the rightful operation activities of other business operators. 

Governments and their subordinate departments shall not abuse administrative powers to restrict commodities originated in other places
from entering the local markets or the local commodities from flowing into markets of other places. 

Article 8 A business operator shall not resort to bribery, by offering money or goods or by any other means, in selling or purchasing
commodities. A business operator who offers off-the-book rebate in secret to the other party, a unit or an individual, shall be deemed
and punished as offering bribes; and any unit or individual that accepts off-the-book rebate in secret shall be deemed and punished
as taking bribes. 

A business operator may, in selling or purchasing commodities, expressly allow a discount to the other party and pay a commission
to the middleman. The business operator who gives discount to the other party and pays commission to the middleman must truthfully
enter them in the account. The business operator who accepts the discount or the commission must also truthfully enter it in the
account. 

Article 9 A business operator may not, by advertisement or any other means, make false or misleading publicity of their commodities
as to their quality, ingredients, functions, usage, producers, duration of validity or origin. 

An advertisement agent may not act as agent for, or design, produce or release, a false advertisement while he clearly knows or ought
to know its falsehood. 

Article 10 A business operator shall not use any of the following means to infringe upon trade secrets: 

(1) obtaining an obligee’s trade secrets by stealing, luring, intimidation or any other unfair means; 

(2) disclosing, using or allowing  another person to use the trade secrets obtained from the obligee by the means mentioned
in the preceding paragraph; or 

    (3) in violation of the agreement or against the obligee’s demand for keeping trade secrets, disclosing, using or allowing
another person to use the trade secrets he possesses.  

Obtaining, using or disclosing another’s trade secrets by a third party who clearly knows or ought to know that the case falls under
the unlawful acts listed in the preceding paragraph shall be deemed as infringement upon trade secrets. 

“Trade secrets” mentioned in this Article refers to any technology information or business operation information which is unknown
to the public, can bring about economic benefits to the obligee, has practical utility and about which the obligee has adopted secret-keeping
measures. 

Article 11 A business operator shall not, for the purpose of pushing out their competitors, sell their commodities at prices lower
than costs. 

Any of the following shall not be deemed as an unfair competition act: 

(1) selling perishables or live commodities; 

(2) disposing of commodities near expiration of their validity duration or those kept too long in stock; 

(3) seasonal sales; or  

(4) selling commodities at a reduced price for the purpose of clearing off debts, change of business or suspension of operation. 

Article 12  A business operator may not, against the  will of purchasers, conduct tie-in sale of commodities or attach
any other unreasonable conditions to the  sale of their commodities. 

Article 13  A business operator shall not engage in any of the following lottery-attached sale activities: 

(1) lottery-attached sale conducted by such deceptive means as falsely declaring to have prize or intentionally making a designated
insider win the prize; 

(2) lottery-attached sale employed as a means to sell goods of low quality at a high price; or 

(3) lottery-attached sale in form of lottery-drawing with the highest prize exceeding 5,000 yuan. 

Article 14 A business operator shall not fabricate or spread false information to injure his competitors’ commercial credit or the
reputation of his competitors’ commodities. 

Article 15  Bidders shall not act in collusion with each other so as to force up or down the bidding prices. 

Bidders and tender-inviters shall not collude with each other so as to push out their competitors from fair competition. 

Chapter III 

Supervision and Inspection 

Article 16 Supervision and inspection departments at or above the county level may carry out supervision over and inspection of unfair
competition acts. 

Article 17 Supervision and inspection departments shall, in supervising and inspecting unfair competition acts, have the right to
exercise the following functions and powers:       

(1) to interrogate the business operators under inspection, interested persons, or witnesses  in accordance with the prescribed
procedures, and require them to provide testimonial materials or other materials relating to the unfair competition acts; 

(2) to inquire about and duplicate the agreements, account books, invoices, documents, records, business letters and telegrams or
other materials relating to  the unfair competition acts; and 

(3) to inspect the property involved in the unfair competition acts under Article 5 of this Law; and, when necessary, to order the
business operators under inspection to explain the source and quantity of the commodities, suspend the sale and await the inspection
thereof, and the property involved shall not be transferred, concealed or destroyed.  

Article 18 Functionaries of supervision and inspection departments shall, when supervising and inspecting unfair competition acts,
produce their inspection certificates. 

Article 19 Business operators under inspection, interested persons and witnesses shall truthfully provide relevant materials or particulars
when the supervision and inspection departments supervise and inspect unfair competition acts. 

 

Chapter IV 

Legal Responsibility 

Article 20  A business operator who violates the provisions of this Law and thus causes damage to the infringed business operators,
shall bear the liability of compensation for the damage. If the losses of the infringed business operator are difficult to estimate,
the damages shall be the profits derived from the infringement by the infringer during the period of infringement. And the infringer
shall also bear the reasonable expense paid by the infringed business operator for investigating the infringer’s  unfair competition
acts violating his lawful rights and interests. 

A business operator whose lawful rights and interests are infringed upon by unfair competition acts may bring a suit in a people’s
court. 

Article 21 A business operator who counterfeits another’s registered trademark, uses without authorization the name of another enterprise
or person, forges or counterfeits authentication marks, famous-and-excellent- product marks or other product quality marks, forges
origin of the products or makes false and  misleading indications regarding the product quality shall be punished in accordance
with the provisions of the Trademark Law of the People’s Republic of China and the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Product
Quality. 

In case a business operator uses for a commodity without authorization the name, package or decoration of a famous commodity or the
name, package or decoration similar to that of a famous commodity and thereby confuses the commodity with another’s famous commodity
and leads the purchasers to mistake the former for the latter, the supervision and inspection department shall order the business
operator to stop the illegal act and confiscate the illegal earnings and may, in light of the circumstances,  impose a fine
of not less than one  time but not more than three times the illegal earnings;  if the circumstances are serious, his business
licence may be revoked; and if the commodities sold are fake and inferior, and the case  constitutes a crime, he shall be investigated
for criminal responsibility according to law. 

Article 22 A business operator, who resorts to bribery by offering money or goods or by any other means in selling or purchasing
commodities and if the case constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law; if the case
does not constitute a crime, the supervision and inspection department may impose a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan but not more
than 200,000 yuan in light of the circumstances and confiscate the illegal earnings, if any. 

Article 23 In  case a public utility enterprise or any other business operator occupying monopoly status according to law restricts
people to purchasing commodities from a designated business operator in order to push out other business operators from fair competition,
the supervision and inspection departments at the provincial level or of cities divided into districts shall order the ceasing of
the illegal acts and may impose a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan in light of the circumstances.
If such designated business operator takes advantage of his monopoly status to sell goods of low quality at high prices or indiscriminately
collects fees, the inspection and supervision department shall confiscate the illegal earnings and may impose a fine of not less
than one time but not more than three times the illegal earnings in light of the circumstances. 

Article 24 In case a business operator makes false and misleading publicity of his commodities by advertisement or any other means,
the supervision and inspection department shall order the said business operator to stop his illegal acts and eliminate the bad effects,
and may impose a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan in light of the circumstances. 

In case an advertisement agent acts as agent for, or designs, produces or releases, a false advertisement though the agent clearly
knows or ought to know the falsehood, the supervision and inspection department shall order the ceasing of the illegal acts, confiscate
the illegal earnings, and impose a fine according to law. 

Article 25 In case a business operator violates the provisions of Article 10 of this Law and infringes upon trade secrets, the supervision
and inspection department shall order the ceasing of the illegal acts and may impose a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan but not
more than 200,000 yuan in light of the circumstances. 

Article 26 In case a business operator  engages in lottery-attached sale  in violation of the provisions of Article 13
of this Law, the supervision and inspection department shall order the ceasing of the illegal acts and  may impose a fine of
not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan in light of the circumstances. 

Article 27 Where bidders act in collusion with each other to force up or down the bidding price, or a bidder colludes with a tender-inviter
for the purpose of pushing out their competitors, the successful bid shall be invalid, and the supervision and inspection department
may impose a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan in light of the circumstances. 

Article 28 In case a business operator acts in violation of the order of stopping the sale or forbidding the transfer, concealment
or destruction of the property involved in the unfair competition acts, the supervision and inspection department may impose a fine
of not less than one time but not more than three times the price of the property sold, transferred, concealed or destroyed. 

Article 29 In case a party is not satisfied with the punishment decision made by the supervision and inspection department, it may
apply for reconsideration to the competent department at the next higher level within 15 days from receipt of the decision; and if
the party is still not satisfied with the reconsideration decision, it may bring a suit in a people’s court within 15 days from receipt
of the decision; and the party may also directly file a suit in a people’s court.  

Article 30 Where a government or its subordinate departments, in violation of the provisions of Article 7 of this Law, restrict people
to purchasing commodities from a designated business operator or impose limits on other business operator’s rightful operation activities
or the normal circulation of commodities between different areas, the supervision and inspection department at higher levels shall
order them to make corrections; and if the circumstances are serious, the persons held directly responsible shall be given administrative
sanctions by the relevant department at the same or higher levels; if the designated business operator takes advantage of his status
to sell goods of low quality at high prices or indiscriminately collects fees, the supervision and inspection department shall confiscate
the illegal earnings and may impose a fine of not less than one time but not more than three times the illegal earnings in light
of the circumstances. 

Article 31 Where a State functionary engaged in supervision over and inspection of unfair competition acts abuses his power or neglects
his duty, and if the case constitutes a crime, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law; if the case
does not constitute a crime, he shall be given an administrative sanction. 

Article 32 Where a State functionary engaged in supervision over and inspection of unfair competition acts practices favouritism
or irregularities and intentionally harbours a business operator whom he clearly knows to be guilty of a crime by violating the provisions
of this Law and attempts to shield him from prosecution, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law. 

Chapter V 

Supplementary Provisions 

Article 33 This Law shall go into effect as of December 1, 1993.

Notice: All Rights Reserved to the Legislative Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress.







CONSTITUTION ACT, 1982 – page 22

NOTES (1) The enacting clause was repealed by the Statute Law Revision Act, 1893, 56-57 Vict., c. 14 (U.K.). It read as...